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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之发布订阅模式

2025-06-12 09:13:48 作者：新绿MEHO

本文主要介绍了SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之发布订阅模式,涵盖依赖配置、队列与交换机声明绑定、生产者与双消费者代码实现,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的可以了解一下

发布订阅模式

引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: amqp://study:study@47.98.109.138:5672/aaa

常量类

public class Constants {

    //发布订阅模式
    public static final String FANOUT_QUEUE1 = "fanout.queue1";
    public static final String FANOUT_QUEUE2 = "fanout.queue2";
    public static final String FANOUT_EXCHANGE = "fanout.exchange";
}

声明队列和交换机并绑定二者关系

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    @Bean("fanoutQueue1")
    public Queue fanoutQueue1(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE1).build();
    }

    @Bean("fanoutQueue2")
    public Queue fanoutQueue2(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE2).build();
    }
    @Bean("fanoutExchange")
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.fanoutExchange(Constants.FANOUT_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }

    @Bean("fanoutQueueBinding1")
    public Binding fanoutQueueBinding1(@Qualifier("fanoutExchange") FanoutExchange fanoutExchange, @Qualifier("fanoutQueue1") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
    @Bean("fanoutQueueBinding2")
    public Binding fanoutQueueBinding2(@Qualifier("fanoutExchange") FanoutExchange fanoutExchange, @Qualifier("fanoutQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
}

编写生产者代码

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@RequestMapping("/producer")
@RestController
public class ProducerController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/fanout")
    public String fanout(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Constants.FANOUT_EXCHANGE,"", "hello spring amqp:fanout...");
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

编写消费者代码（含两个队列）

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Component
public class FanoutListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE1)
    public void queueListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE1+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE2)
    public void queueListener2(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.FANOUT_QUEUE2+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }
}