java发送post请求使用multipart/form-data格式文件数据到接口代码示例
作者:花鼠大师
这篇文章主要介绍了java发送post请求使用multipart/form-data格式文件数据到接口的相关资料,文中指定了数据编码格式为UTF-8,并强调了所需依赖工具类,需要的朋友可以参考下
接口传输协议:HTTP
接口请求方式:POST
数据编码格式:UTF-8
数据传输格式:multipart/form-data
需求:使用multipart/form-data格式传输文件到给定接口。
工具类:
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.apache.http.Consts; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.HttpStatus; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy; import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder; import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; /** * <p> * * @author 花鼠大师 * @version :1.0 * @date 2024/4/12 15:10 */ @Slf4j public class SendFileUtils { /** * 使用multipart/form-data方式传输文件 * 发送文件方法 * @param url 接口地址 * @param file 文件 */ public static String sendMultipartFile(String url, File file) { //获取HttpClient CloseableHttpClient client = getHttpClient(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); fillMethod(httpPost,System.currentTimeMillis()); // 请求参数配置 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(60000).setConnectTimeout(60000) .setConnectionRequestTimeout(10000).build(); httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); String res = ""; String fileName = file.getName();//文件名 try { MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); builder.setCharset(java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8")); builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); /** * 假设有两个参数需要传输 * 参数名:filaName 值 "文件名" * 参数名:file 值:file (该参数值为file对象) */ //表单中普通参数 builder.addPart("filaName ",new StringBody("来源", ContentType.create("text/plain", Consts.UTF_8))); // 表单中的文件参数 注意,builder.addBinaryBody的第一个参数要写参数名 builder.addBinaryBody("file", file, ContentType.create("multipart/form-data",Consts.UTF_8), fileName); HttpEntity entity = builder.build(); httpPost.setEntity(entity); HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);// 执行提交 if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { // 返回响应结果 res = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8")); }else { res = "响应失败"; log.error("响应失败!"); } return res; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); log.error("调用HttpPost失败!" + e.toString()); } finally { if (client != null) { try { client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("关闭HttpPost连接失败!"); } } } log.info("数据传输成功!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"); return res; } /** * 获取HttpClient * @return */ private static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient(){ SSLContext sslContext = null; try { sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() { public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException { return true; } }).build(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e); } SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE); CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().setSSLSocketFactory(sslConnectionSocketFactory).build(); return client; } /** * 添加头文件信息 * @param requestBase * @param timestamp */ private static void fillMethod(HttpRequestBase requestBase, long timestamp){ //此处为举例,需要添加哪些头部信息自行添加即可 //设置时间戳,nginx,underscores_in_headers on;放到http配置里,否则nginx会忽略包含"_"的头信息 requestBase.addHeader("timestamp",String.valueOf(timestamp)); System.out.println(requestBase.getAllHeaders()); } }
所需依赖:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.13</version> </dependency>
总结
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