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Gitlab新建用户无法收到邮件的问题解决办法

作者：AlbertS

在配置GitLab邮件服务时,可能因为环境或版本差异遇到问题,本文就来介绍一下Gitlab新建用户无法收到邮件的问题解决办法,感兴趣的可以了解一下

前言

这个问题网上解决的帖子很多，根本原因就是配置错误，修改好配置就可以了，我也没有其他的更加新奇的解决办法，之所以再总结一遍只是为了自己统一查找方便，同时把一些差异点记录一下，因为版本和运行环境的不同，可能跟网上的解决方案有一点点差异，先写答案再聊不同吧。

解决方案

gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.exmail.qq.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 465
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "gitlab@gameup.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "授权码"
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "exmail.qq.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = false
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = true

gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'gitlab@gameup.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_display_name'] = 'Gitlab'

遇到的错误

我修改配置的旅程也不是一帆风顺的，期间也遇到的了几个错误，都是在 Notify.test_email 测试之后发现有问题，逐步修改的

域名解析问题

Notify.test_email('shz@gamegu.com', 'Test Email', 'This is a test email from GitLab').deliver_now
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Ruby:         ruby 3.2.5 (2024-07-26 revision 31d0f1a2e7) [x86_64-linux]
 GitLab:       17.5.1 (e8dca573167) FOSS
 GitLab Shell: 14.39.0
 PostgreSQL:   14.11
------------------------------------------------------------[ booted in 61.07s ]
Loading production environment (Rails 7.0.8.4)
Delivered mail 67248a5c847e9_6f32fe445660@gitlab.gamegu.com.mail (20023.7ms)
/opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/3.2.0/socket.rb:231:in getaddrinfo': getaddrinfo: Temporary failure in name resolution (SocketError)
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/3.2.0/socket.rb:231:in foreach'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/3.2.0/socket.rb:635:in tcp'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:643:in tcp_socket'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:656:in do_start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:611:in start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/initializers/mail_starttls_patch.rb:53:in start_smtp_session'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb:100:in deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:2145:in do_delivery'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:253:in block in deliver'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/actionmailer-7.0.8.4/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:588:in block in deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in block in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:24:in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/actionmailer-7.0.8.4/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:586:in deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:253:in deliver'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/actionmailer-7.0.8.4/lib/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb:119:in block in deliver_now'
        ... 15 levels...
irb(main):002:0>

解决办法

修改 /etc/resolv.conf 来指定自己服务器的DNS，通用的可以使用 nameserver 8.8.8.8

邮箱认证问题

/opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:1076:in check_response': 501 mail from address must be same as authorization user (Net::SMTPSyntaxError)
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:1044:in getok'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:945:in mailfrom'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:767:in send_message'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp_connection.rb:53:in deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb:101:in block in deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/net-smtp-0.3.3/lib/net/smtp.rb:612:in start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/initializers/mail_starttls_patch.rb:53:in start_smtp_session'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb:100:in deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:2145:in do_delivery'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:253:in block in deliver'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/actionmailer-7.0.8.4/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:588:in block in deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in block in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:24:in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/actionmailer-7.0.8.4/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:586:in deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/3.2.0/gems/mail-2.8.1/lib/mail/message.rb:253:in deliver'
        ... 16 levels...

解决方案

smtp 配置中应该填写正确的邮箱和授权码，同时 /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb 中设置 gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] 与 gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] 一致

端口配置互斥

gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] and gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] are mutually exclusive. Set one of them to false. SMTP providers usually use port 465 for TLS and port 587 for STARTTLS.

解决方案

这个错误表明在 GitLab 的配置文件中同时启用了 smtp_tls 和 smtp_enable_starttls_auto 选项，但它们是互斥的，只能选择其中一个设置为 true，如果使用 TLS（通常是端口 465）仅将 smtp_tls 选项设置为 true，如果使用 STARTTLS（通常是端口 587）只能将 smtp_enable_starttls_auto 设置为true。

关于gitlab的参数，有一个external_url 表示gitlab的访问域名，可以配置为 external_url 'http://gitlab.gameup.com'，而这个域名也可以在定义容器时通过 --hostname 指定

运行环境

我的Gitlab不是在服务器上直接安装的，而是通过Docker安装的gitlab镜像，服务器是CentOS7系统，gitlab组件相关版本如下：

Components

GitLab v17.5.1
GitLab Shell 14.39.0
GitLab Workhorse v17.5.1
GitLab API v4
GitLab KAS 17.5.1
Ruby 3.2.5p208
Rails 7.0.8.4
PostgreSQL (main) 14.11
PostgreSQL (ci) 14.11
Redis 7.0.15

正因为我是通过Dokcer安装的，所以上面的很多命令需要到容器中执行，也就是得先执行 docker exec -it gitlab /bin/bash

而通过Docker安装gitlab的命令也列举一下：

docker run --detach \
  --hostname gitlab.gameup.com \
  --publish 443:443 --publish 80:80 --publish 22:22 \
  --name gitlab \
  --restart always \
  --volume /export/docker/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
  --volume /export/docker/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
  --volume /export/docker/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
  registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/z5z/gitlab-ce:latest

不要问我这个镜像名字为什么这样古怪，那么因为DockerHub镜像在当前的网络环境下实在难以下载，不得不借助Github的Actions和阿里云的镜像完成中转，可以利用这个开源项目 进行中转

docker安装

上面说了镜像难装，实际上现在连Docker的安装也需要费点劲，我曾经在AWS上安装过一些Docker镜像，那丝滑的程度真的跟教科书写的一模一样，但是在我目前所处的网络注定要一波三折了，CentOS7的系统可以按照下面的步骤操作了。

# 备份源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
# yum使用阿里云
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sudo yum makecache

# 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo yum install -y wget yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# 添加软件源信息
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 修改源
sudo sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

# 更新并安装Docker-CE
sudo yum makecache fast
sudo yum -y install docker-ce
# 开启Docker服务
sudo systemctl start docker

总结

 到此这篇关于Gitlab新建用户无法收到邮件的问题解决办法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Gitlab新建用户无法收到邮件内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

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