Java使用x-www-form-urlencoded发请求方式
作者：hogenlaw
在开发中经常使用JSON格式,但遇到x-www-form-urlencoded格式时,可以通过重新封装处理,POSTMan和APIpost工具中对此编码的称呼不同,分别是x-www-form-urlencoded和urlencoded,分享这些经验希望对他人有所帮助
Java使用x-www-form-urlencoded发请求
平常在开发过程中用的最多的就是JSON格式，请求编码就是 application/json
但偏偏有些接口是 x-www-form-urlencoded
怎么办呢
重新封装喽！！！！
- 在POSTMan工具是叫 x-www-form-urlencoded
- 在 APIpost工具中是叫 urlencoded
Map<String, String> request = new HashMap<>();
request.put("username", "xxx");
request.put("password", "xxx");
String result = HttpRequestUtil.post(request, "http://xxxx", new HashMap<String, String>(), "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
System.out.println(result);package utils;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
/**
*
* @ClassName：HttpRequestUtil
* @Description： Http请求
*/
public class HttpRequestUtil {
private String defaultContentEncoding;
public HttpRequestUtil() {
this.defaultContentEncoding = Charset.defaultCharset().name();
}
/**
* 默认的响应字符集
*/
public String getDefaultContentEncoding() {
return this.defaultContentEncoding;
}
/**
* 设置默认的响应字符集
*/
public void setDefaultContentEncoding(String defaultContentEncoding) {
this.defaultContentEncoding = defaultContentEncoding;
}
public static String post(JSONObject json, String url) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"utf-8");
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
/*发送json数据需要设置contentType*/
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
// System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
if(null != br) br.close();
if(null != br) in.close();
if(null != response) response.close();
if(null != httpclient) httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
public static String post(JSONObject json, String url, Map<String, String> headerMap) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"utf-8");
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
/*发送json数据需要设置contentType*/
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
/**
* ContentType.URLENCODED.getHeader()
* @param map
* @param url
* @param headerMap
* @param contentType
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String post(Map<String, String> map, String url, Map<String, String> headerMap, String contentType) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = getNameValuePairList(map);
UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8");
/*发送json数据需要设置contentType*/
urlEncodedFormEntity.setContentType(contentType);
post.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity);
post.setHeader("Content-Type", contentType);
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
private static List<NameValuePair> getNameValuePairList(Map<String, String> map) {
List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<>();
for(String key : map.keySet()) {
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key,map.get(key)));
}
return list;
}
public static String post(String params, String url, Map<String, String> headerMap) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(params.toString(),"utf-8");
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
/*发送json数据需要设置contentType*/
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
public static String put(JSONObject json, String url, Map<String, String> headerMap) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPut post = new HttpPut(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"utf-8");
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
/*发送json数据需要设置contentType*/
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
public static String delete(String url, Map<String, String> headerMap) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpDelete post = new HttpDelete(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
//System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
public static String get(JSONObject paramsObj, String url, Map<String, String> headerMap) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream in = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();
int i = 0;
Set<Entry<String, Object>> entries = paramsObj.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, Object> entry:entries){
if (i == 0)
param.append("?");
else
param.append("&");
param.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(entry.getValue());
i++;
}
url += param;
HttpGet post = new HttpGet(url);
// post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
Set<Entry<String, String>> headerEntries = headerMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> headerEntry:headerEntries){
post.setHeader(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
strber.append(line+'\n');
}
result = strber.toString();
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(result)) result = "服务器异常";
throw new Exception(result);
}
//System.out.println("返回数据="+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
// System.err.println("调用接口出错：：：：：：：：：：：："+e.getMessage());
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
} finally {
br.close();
in.close();
response.close();
httpclient.close();
}
return result;
}
}总结
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。