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在Qt中使用QtWebApp搭建HTTP服务器的详细步骤

2024-07-29 09:21:49 作者：高亚奇

QtWebApp是一个开源项目,它基于著名的Qt Framework开发,提供了一种在C++环境中构建HTTP服务器的解决方案,这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于在Qt中使用QtWebApp搭建HTTP服务器的详细步骤,需要的朋友可以参考下

前言

最近在开发Qt的http服务器功能，研究比较了一番，选择了QtWebApp方案，相对其他开源库，比较推荐使用该方案，功能齐全，简单易用，如果赶项目的话，极力推荐。

下面介绍一下Qt集成QtWebApp步骤：

一、Qt集成QtWebApp步骤：

1、下载QtWebApp源码：KingJamesGyq/QtWebApp把源码拉下来到本地，将httpsever目录整个移植到自己的项目工程下。

2、在pro文件包含httpserver

include ($$PWD/httpserver/httpserver.pri)

这样就完成集成源码了，剩下的就是根据你自己的业务需求去开发了，细节可以参考Demo1和Demo2。

二、在Qt中使用QtWebApp搭建HTTP服务器

第一步下载QtWebApp导入工程中

工程示例:

第二步编写配置文件WebApp.ini

host=192.168.255.128	;服务ip地址
port=8080				;端口号
minThreads=4			;4个线程始终保持运行状态
maxThreads=100			;并发工作线程的最大数量
cleanupInterval=60000
readTimeout=60000
maxRequestSize=16000
maxMultiPartSize=10000000

第三步加载配置文件，创建HTTP侦听器对象

main.cpp

#include "httplistener.h"
#include "httprequesthandler.h"
#include "RequestMapper.h" //自定义类请求映射器类

    QSettings* listenerSettings=
            new QSettings(QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/WebApp.ini",QSettings::IniFormat);
    new stefanfrings::HttpListener(listenerSettings, new RequestMapper());

第四步自定义类请求映射器类

RequestMapper.h

#ifndef REQUESTMAPPER_H
#define REQUESTMAPPER_H
#include "httprequesthandler.h"
using namespace stefanfrings;

#include "HelloController.h"

class RequestMapper:public HttpRequestHandler
{
public:
    RequestMapper();
    void service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);


private:
    HelloController m_helloController;

};

#endif // REQUESTMAPPER_H

RequestMapper.cpp

#include "RequestMapper.h"
#include "json.hpp"
#include <string>
using namespace std;
using namespace nlohmann;
RequestMapper::RequestMapper()
{

}

void RequestMapper::service(HttpRequest &request, HttpResponse &response)
{
    QByteArray path=request.getPath();
    QByteArray method = request.getMethod();
    QByteArray nm = request.getParameter("nm");
    qDebug() << "RequestMapper: path=" << path.data();
    qDebug() << "RequestMapper: method=" << method.data();
     qDebug() << "RequestMapper: nm=" << nm.data();

    if ( path=="/hello") {
        m_helloController.service(request,response);
    }


}

第五步自定义业务请求处理类

HelloController .h

#ifndef HELLOCONTROLLER_H
#define HELLOCONTROLLER_H

#include <QObject>
#include "httprequesthandler.h"
using namespace stefanfrings;
#include "json.hpp"
using namespace nlohmann;
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class HelloController : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit HelloController(QObject *parent = 0);
    void service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);

signals:

public slots:
};

#endif // HELLOCONTROLLER_H

HelloController.cpp

#include "HelloController.h"

HelloController::HelloController(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{

}

void HelloController::service(HttpRequest &request, HttpResponse &response)
{

   QByteArray body = request.getBody();
   qDebug() << body;

    json res;
    res["code"] = 200;
    res["mesage"] = "success";

    string str = res.dump(4);
    //    response.setStatus(404);
    response.write(str.c_str());
}

第六步测试

服务运行示例

浏览器发请求示例

另外：其他的映射和控制器写法：

requestmapper.h

#ifndef REQUESTMAPPER_H
#define REQUESTMAPPER_H

#include "QtWebApp/httpserver/httprequesthandler.h"

using namespace stefanfrings;

/*
  The request mapper dispatches incoming HTTP requests to controller classes
  depending on the requested path.
*/

class RequestMapper : public HttpRequestHandler {
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_DISABLE_COPY(RequestMapper)
public:

    /*
      Constructor.
      @param parent Parent object
    */
    RequestMapper(QObject* parent=0);

    /*
      Destructor.
    */
    ~RequestMapper();

    /*
      Dispatch incoming HTTP requests to different controllers depending on the URL.
      @param request The received HTTP request
      @param response Must be used to return the response
    */
    void service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);

    // 拦截未授权操作
    bool preHandle(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);

};

#endif // REQUESTMAPPER_H

requestmapper.cpp

#include "requestmapper.h"
#include "global.h"
#include "controller/logincontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcvercodecontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysmsgcontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysusercontroller.h"
#include "controller/commoncontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysmenucontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysdiccontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysrolecontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysdeptcontroller.h"
#include "controller/syslogcontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcmonitorcontroller.h"
#include "controller/sysusermsgcontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcsmscontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcemailcontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcloadcontroller.h"
#include "controller/funcexportcontroller.h"
#include<qthread.h>

RequestMapper::RequestMapper(QObject* parent)
    :HttpRequestHandler(parent)
{
    qDebug("RequestMapper: created");
    qDebug()<<".................RequestMapper created......................currentThreadId():"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}


RequestMapper::~RequestMapper()
{
    qDebug("RequestMapper: deleted");
}


void RequestMapper::service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response)
{


    qDebug()<<"..............RequestMapper::service..................currentThreadId():"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

    QByteArray path = request.getPath().toLower();
    QString tmp = QString(path);
    qDebug("RequestMapper::service e");


    //实现跨域访问，js 调用API 提供了支持。
    response.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
    auto origin = request.getHeader("Origin");
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin);
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST,GET,OPTIONS");
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "X-PINGOTHER,Content-Type,x-token,access_token");
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400");
    response.setHeader("Vary", "Accept-Encoding,Origin");
    response.setHeader("Keep-Alive", "timeout=2,max=99");
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
    //set api header
    response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
    //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); // also important , if not set , the html application wont run.
    if (request.getMethod() == "OPTIONS")
    {
        response.setStatus(200,"OK");
        qDebug("RequestMapper: finished request");
        // Clear the log buffer

        return;
    }

    //拦截部分，做token校验
    if (path.startsWith("/func")
            || path.startsWith("/sys")
            || path.startsWith("/monitor/"))
    {
        if(!preHandle(request, response))
            return;
    }

    if (path.startsWith("/login") || path.startsWith("/logout"))
    {
        LoginController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/vercode"))
    {
        FuncVercodeController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/func/message/user/"))
    {
        SysUserMsgController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/func/message/sys/"))
    {
        SysMsgController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/user/"))
    {
        SysUserController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/menu/"))
    {
        SysMenuController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/dic/"))
    {
        SysDicController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/role/"))
    {
        SysRoleController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/dept/"))
    {
        SysDeptController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/log/"))
    {
        SysLogController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/func/sms/"))
    {
        FuncSmsController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/sys/email/"))
    {
        FuncEmailController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/func/upload/"))
    {
        FuncLoadController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/func/export/"))
    {
        FuncExportController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/monitor"))
    {
        FuncMonitorController().service(request, response);
    }
    else if (path.startsWith("/common"))
    {
        CommonController().service(request, response);
    }
    else
    {
        staticFileController->service(request, response);
    }


    qDebug("RequestMapper: finished request");

    // Clear the log buffer
    if (logger)
    {
    //   logger->clear();
    }
}

// 拦截未授权操作
bool RequestMapper::preHandle(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response)
{
    // token校验不通过，返回1001
    ResultJson result(1001, false, QStringLiteral("token已失效"));
    QString accessToken = request.getHeader("access_token");
    if(accessToken == NULL || accessToken.isEmpty())
        accessToken = request.getParameter("access_token");

    if(accessToken == NULL || accessToken.isEmpty())
    {
        result.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("找不到token"));
        ResponseUtil::replyJson(response, result);
        //staticFileController->service(request, response);
        return false;
    }

    //根据token登录
    QString username = JwtUtil::getUsername(accessToken);
    if(username == NULL || username.isEmpty())
    {
        ResponseUtil::replyJson(response, result);
        //staticFileController->service(request, response);
        return false;
    }

    //判断token是否有效
    QString token_key = username + "_token";
    QString saveToken = CacheApi::instance()->get(token_key);
    if(saveToken != accessToken)
    {
        ResponseUtil::replyJson(response, result);
        //staticFileController->service(request, response);
        return false;
    }

    //刷新token
    CacheApi::instance()->insert(token_key, accessToken, JwtUtil::EXPIRED_TIME);

    return true;
}

logincontroller.h

#ifndef LOGINCONTROLLER_H
#define LOGINCONTROLLER_H

#include "global.h"
#include <QMap>

using namespace stefanfrings;

class LoginController: public HttpRequestHandler {
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_DISABLE_COPY(LoginController)

public:
    LoginController();

    void service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);
    void   login(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response); //登录
    void  logout(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response); //退出
private:
    SqlHelper* m_pHelper;

    typedef void (LoginController::*pServFunc)(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response);

    QMap<QString, pServFunc> m_mapFunc;


};

#endif // LOGINCONTROLLER_H

logincontroller.cpp

#include "logincontroller.h"
#include <QCryptographicHash>
#include <qthread.h>

LoginController::LoginController()
{

    qDebug()<<"....................LoginController........................currentThreadId():"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

//    m_pHelper = SqlHelper::instance();
    m_pHelper = new SqlHelper();
    m_pHelper->initDB("QtWebAdmin.db");

    m_mapFunc.insert("/login",   &LoginController::login);      //登录
    m_mapFunc.insert("/logout",  &LoginController::logout);     //登出
}

void LoginController::service(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response)
{

    qDebug()<<"...................LoginController::service........................currentThreadId():"<<QThread::currentThreadId();


    QByteArray path = request.getPath().toLower();
    if(m_mapFunc.contains(path))
    {
        pServFunc func = m_mapFunc.value(path);
        (this->*func)(request, response);
    }
}


void LoginController::login(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response)
{
    qDebug()<<"..................LoginController::login...................currentThreadId():"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

    ResultJson ret(0, true, QStringLiteral("登入成功"));

    QString body = request.getBody();
    QString username = request.getParameter("username");
    QString password = request.getParameter("password");
    QString vercode = request.getParameter("vercode");
    QString access_token = request.getParameter("access_token");

    QString codeid = request.getParameter("codeid");

    HttpSession session = sessionStore->getSession(request, response, true);

    if(username.isEmpty())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("用户名为空"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }
    if(password.isEmpty())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("密码为空"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }
    if(vercode.isEmpty())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("验证码为空"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }

    //
//    if(!session.contains("vercode"))
//    {
//        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("未找到验证码"));
//        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
//        return;
//    }

    //跨域情况下，以网页请求时附带UUID，作为验证码标志
    QString sessionCode = CacheApi::instance()->get(codeid + "_vercode");
    if(sessionCode.isNull())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("未找到验证码或验证码已过期"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }


    //QString sessionCode = session.get("vercode").toString();
    if(sessionCode.toLower() != vercode.toLower())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("验证码不匹配"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }

    //................检查密码
    SysUser loginUser;
    if(!m_pHelper->selectUserByName(loginUser, username))
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("未找到用户或密码不正确！"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());
        return;
    }

    SysLog log("system", SysLog::LOGIN, QStringLiteral("用户登录"),
                username,
               QString(__FILE__),
               QString(__FUNCTION__),
                GlobalFunc::JsonToString(request.getParameterJson()),
                request.getPeerAddress().toString(),
                request.getHeader("User-Agent"),
                QStringLiteral("用户成功登录"));

    QString pwdAndSalt = password + loginUser.getSalt();
    QString md5Pwd = QString(QCryptographicHash::hash(pwdAndSalt.toLocal8Bit(), QCryptographicHash::Md5).toHex());
    if(md5Pwd != loginUser.getPassword())
    {
        ret.failedMsg(QStringLiteral("密码不正确！"));
        response.write(ret.toString().toLocal8Bit());

        log.setMemo(QStringLiteral("密码不正确！"));
        m_pHelper->insertEntity(&log);
        return;
    }

    //JWT获取,并存入缓存
    QString accessToken = JwtUtil::sign(username, password);
    CacheApi::instance()->insert(username + "_token", accessToken, JwtUtil::EXPIRED_TIME);

    //session保存账户名和登录时间
    session.set("username", username);
    session.set("logintime", QTime::currentTime());

    //返回token
    ret.setData("access_token", accessToken);
    ResponseUtil::replyJson(response, ret);

    m_pHelper->insertEntity(&log);
}

// /logout?access_token=?
void LoginController::logout(HttpRequest& request, HttpResponse& response)
{
    QString access_token = request.getParameter("access_token");
    QString username = JwtUtil::getUsername(access_token);
    CacheApi::instance()->remove(username + "_token");

    QJsonObject objParam = request.getParameterJson();
    objParam.insert("access_token", "?");
//    ResponseUtil::replyJson(response, ResultJson(0, true, QStringLiteral("操作成功")));
    SysLog log("system", SysLog::LOGOUT, QStringLiteral("用户退出"),
                username,
                QString(__FILE__),
                QString(__FUNCTION__),
                GlobalFunc::JsonToString(objParam),
                request.getPeerAddress().toString(),
                request.getHeader("User-Agent"),
                QStringLiteral("用户退出成功"));
    m_pHelper->insertEntity(&log);
}

总结

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