java

关注公众号 jb51net

关闭
首页 > 软件编程 > java > SpringBoot双因素身份认证

SpringBoot项目如何添加2FA双因素身份认证

作者:会飞的一棵树

双因素身份验证2FA是一种安全系统,要求用户提供两种不同的身份验证方式才能访问某个系统或服务,国内普遍做短信验证码这种的用的比较少,不过在国外的网站中使用双因素身份验证的还是很多的,这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot项目如何添加2FA双因素身份认证,需要的朋友参考下

什么是 2FA(双因素身份验证)?

双因素身份验证(2FA)是一种安全系统,要求用户提供两种不同的身份验证方式才能访问某个系统或服务。国内普遍做短信验证码这种的用的比较少,不过在国外的网站中使用双因素身份验证的还是很多的。用户通过使用验证器扫描二维码,就能在app上获取登录的动态口令,进一步加强了账户的安全性。

主要步骤

pom.xml中增加依赖

<!-- 用于SecureKey生成 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
    <version>1.15</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 二维码依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.iherus</groupId>
    <artifactId>qrext4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

用户表中增加secretKey列

为用户绑定secretKey字段,用以生成二维码及后期校验

image

工具类

谷歌身份验证器工具类

/**
 * 谷歌身份验证器工具类
 */
public class GoogleAuthenticator {
    /**
     * 时间前后偏移量
     * 用于防止客户端时间不精确导致生成的TOTP与服务器端的TOTP一直不一致
     * 如果为0,当前时间为 10:10:15
     * 则表明在 10:10:00-10:10:30 之间生成的TOTP 能校验通过
     * 如果为1,则表明在
     * 10:09:30-10:10:00
     * 10:10:00-10:10:30
     * 10:10:30-10:11:00 之间生成的TOTP 能校验通过
     * 以此类推
     */
    private static int WINDOW_SIZE = 0;
    /**
     * 加密方式,HmacSHA1、HmacSHA256、HmacSHA512
     */
    private static final String CRYPTO = "HmacSHA1";
    /**
     * 生成密钥,每个用户独享一份密钥
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static String getSecretKey() {
        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[20];
        random.nextBytes(bytes);
        Base32 base32 = new Base32();
        String secretKey = base32.encodeToString(bytes);
        // make the secret key more human-readable by lower-casing and
        // inserting spaces between each group of 4 characters
        return secretKey.toUpperCase();
    }
    /**
     * 生成二维码内容
     *
     * @param secretKey 密钥
     * @param account   账户名
     * @param issuer    网站地址(可不写)
     * @return
     */
    public static String getQrCodeText(String secretKey, String account, String issuer) {
        String normalizedBase32Key = secretKey.replace(" ", "").toUpperCase();
        try {
            return "otpauth://totp/"
                    + URLEncoder.encode((!StringUtils.isEmpty(issuer) ? (issuer + ":") : "") + account, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20")
                    + "?secret=" + URLEncoder.encode(normalizedBase32Key, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20")
                    + (!StringUtils.isEmpty(issuer) ? ("&issuer=" + URLEncoder.encode(issuer, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20")) : "");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 获取验证码
     *
     * @param secretKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String getCode(String secretKey) {
        String normalizedBase32Key = secretKey.replace(" ", "").toUpperCase();
        Base32 base32 = new Base32();
        byte[] bytes = base32.decode(normalizedBase32Key);
        String hexKey = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
        long time = (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000) / 30;
        String hexTime = Long.toHexString(time);
        return TOTP.generateTOTP(hexKey, hexTime, "6", CRYPTO);
    }
    /**
     * 检验 code 是否正确
     *
     * @param secret 密钥
     * @param code   code
     * @param time   时间戳
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean checkCode(String secret, long code, long time) {
        Base32 codec = new Base32();
        byte[] decodedKey = codec.decode(secret);
        // convert unix msec time into a 30 second "window"
        // this is per the TOTP spec (see the RFC for details)
        long t = (time / 1000L) / 30L;
        // Window is used to check codes generated in the near past.
        // You can use this value to tune how far you're willing to go.
        long hash;
        for (int i = -WINDOW_SIZE; i <= WINDOW_SIZE; ++i) {
            try {
                hash = verifyCode(decodedKey, t + i);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // Yes, this is bad form - but
                // the exceptions thrown would be rare and a static
                // configuration problem
                // e.printStackTrace();
                throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
            }
            if (hash == code) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    /**
     * 根据时间偏移量计算
     *
     * @param key
     * @param t
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     */
    private static long verifyCode(byte[] key, long t) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException {
        byte[] data = new byte[8];
        long value = t;
        for (int i = 8; i-- > 0; value >>>= 8) {
            data[i] = (byte) value;
        }
        SecretKeySpec signKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, CRYPTO);
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(CRYPTO);
        mac.init(signKey);
        byte[] hash = mac.doFinal(data);
        int offset = hash[20 - 1] & 0xF;
        // We're using a long because Java hasn't got unsigned int.
        long truncatedHash = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
            truncatedHash <<= 8;
            // We are dealing with signed bytes:
            // we just keep the first byte.
            truncatedHash |= (hash[offset + i] & 0xFF);
        }
        truncatedHash &= 0x7FFFFFFF;
        truncatedHash %= 1000000;
        return truncatedHash;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            String secretKey = getSecretKey();
            System.out.println("secretKey:" + secretKey);
            String code = getCode(secretKey);
            System.out.println("code:" + code);
            boolean b = checkCode(secretKey, Long.parseLong(code), System.currentTimeMillis());
            System.out.println("isSuccess:" + b);
        }
    }
}

二维码工具类

/**
 * 验证码生成工具类
 */
public class TOTP {
    private static final int[] DIGITS_POWER = {1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 10000000, 100000000};
    /**
     * This method uses the JCE to provide the crypto algorithm. HMAC computes a
     * Hashed Message Authentication Code with the crypto hash algorithm as a
     * parameter.
     *
     * @param crypto   : the crypto algorithm (HmacSHA1, HmacSHA256, HmacSHA512)
     * @param keyBytes : the bytes to use for the HMAC key
     * @param text     : the message or text to be authenticated
     */
    private static byte[] hmac_sha(String crypto, byte[] keyBytes, byte[] text) {
        try {
            Mac hmac;
            hmac = Mac.getInstance(crypto);
            SecretKeySpec macKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "RAW");
            hmac.init(macKey);
            return hmac.doFinal(text);
        } catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(gse);
        }
    }
    /**
     * This method converts a HEX string to Byte[]
     *
     * @param hex : the HEX string
     * @return: a byte array
     */
    private static byte[] hexStr2Bytes(String hex) {
        // Adding one byte to get the right conversion
        // Values starting with "0" can be converted
        byte[] bArray = new BigInteger("10" + hex, 16).toByteArray();
        // Copy all the REAL bytes, not the "first"
        byte[] ret = new byte[bArray.length - 1];
        System.arraycopy(bArray, 1, ret, 0, ret.length);
        return ret;
    }
    /**
     * This method generates a TOTP value for the given set of parameters.
     *
     * @param key          : the shared secret, HEX encoded
     * @param time         : a value that reflects a time
     * @param returnDigits : number of digits to return
     * @param crypto       : the crypto function to use
     * @return: a numeric String in base 10 that includes
     */
    public static String generateTOTP(String key, String time, String returnDigits, String crypto) {
        int codeDigits = Integer.decode(returnDigits);
        String result = null;
        // Using the counter
        // First 8 bytes are for the movingFactor
        // Compliant with base RFC 4226 (HOTP)
        while (time.length() < 16) {
            time = "0" + time;
        }
        // Get the HEX in a Byte[]
        byte[] msg = hexStr2Bytes(time);
        byte[] k = hexStr2Bytes(key);
        byte[] hash = hmac_sha(crypto, k, msg);
        // put selected bytes into result int
        int offset = hash[hash.length - 1] & 0xf;
        int binary = ((hash[offset] & 0x7f) << 24)
                | ((hash[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 16)
                | ((hash[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 8) | (hash[offset + 3] & 0xff);
        int otp = binary % DIGITS_POWER[codeDigits];
        result = Integer.toString(otp);
        while (result.length() < codeDigits) {
            result = "0" + result;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

Service

@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
@Service
public class TwoFAService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
   /**
    * 获取SecureKey
    */
    public String getSecureKey(Integer userId) {
        User user = userMapper.selectUserById(userId);
        return user.getSecretKey();
    }
    /**
     * 更新secureKey
     */
    public Integer updateSecureKey(Integer userId, String secureKey) {
        return userMapper.updateSecureKeyById(userId, secureKey);
    }
   /**
    * 校验动态码
    */
    public boolean chek2FACode(User user, String twoFACode) throws Exception {
        String secretKey = user.getSecretKey();
        // 没绑定设备就先验证通过
        if(secretKey == null || secretKey.isEmpty()) {
            return true;
        } else  {
           if(twoFACode.isEmpty()) { throw new Exception("已绑定设备,请输入动态码"); }
           boolean checkRes = GoogleAuthenticator.checkCode(secretKey, Long.parseLong(twoFACode), System.currentTimeMillis());
           if(!checkRes) {
               throw new Exception("动态码错误");
           } else {
               return true;
           }
        }
    }
}

Controller

用户登录中增加两步验证:

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/mgr")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Autowired
    private LogService logService;
    @Autowired
    private TwoFAService twoFAService;
    /**
     * @Description: 用户登录
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public GlobalResult login(String userCode, String userPwd, String twoFACode) {
        try {
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(userCode, userPwd);
            Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
            subject.login(token);
            // 2FA验证
            User user = (User) subject.getPrincipal();
            twoFAService.chek2FACode(user, twoFACode);
            Log log = new Log();
            .......
        }
    }
}

两步验证的Controler

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/2fa")
public class TwoFAController {
    @Autowired
    private TwoFAService twoFAService;
    /**
     * 生成二维码信息对象
     */
    @GetMapping("/getQrcode")
    public QrCodeResponse getQrcode(@RequestParam("userId") Integer userId, @RequestParam("userCode") String userCode, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        try {
            String secretKey = twoFAService.getSecureKey(userId);
            QrCodeResponse qrCodeResponse = new QrCodeResponse();
            if(secretKey == null || secretKey.isEmpty()) {
                secretKey = GoogleAuthenticator.getSecretKey();
                qrCodeResponse.setBind(false);
                // userMapper.updateSecureKeyById(userId, secretKey);
            } else {
                qrCodeResponse.setBind(true);
            }
            // 生成二维码内容
            String qrCodeText = GoogleAuthenticator.getQrCodeText(secretKey, userCode, "suggest-mgr");
            // 以流的形式返回生成二维码输出
            // new SimpleQrcodeGenerator().generate(qrCodeText).toStream(response.getOutputStream());
            BufferedImage image = new SimpleQrcodeGenerator().generate(qrCodeText).getImage();
            // 将图片转换为Base64字符串
            String base64Image = convertImageToBase64(image);
            qrCodeResponse.setQrCodeText(secretKey);
            qrCodeResponse.setBase64Image(base64Image);
            return qrCodeResponse;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null; // 或者返回适当的错误信息
        }
    }
    /**
     * 更新SecretKey
     * @param userId
     * @param secretKey
     */
    @GetMapping("/updateSecretKey")
    public void updateSecretKey(@RequestParam("userId") Integer userId, @RequestParam("secretKey") String secretKey) {
        twoFAService.updateSecureKey(userId, secretKey);
    }
    /**
     * 获取新的secretKey 重置用
     * @param userId
     * @param userCode
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/getNewSecretKey")
    public QrCodeResponse getNewSecretKey(@RequestParam("userId") Integer userId, @RequestParam("userCode") String userCode, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        try {
            String secretKey = secretKey = GoogleAuthenticator.getSecretKey();
            QrCodeResponse qrCodeResponse = new QrCodeResponse();
            qrCodeResponse.setBind(false);
            // 生成二维码内容
            String qrCodeText = GoogleAuthenticator.getQrCodeText(secretKey, userCode, "xxx-site");
            BufferedImage image = new SimpleQrcodeGenerator().generate(qrCodeText).getImage();
            // 将图片转换为Base64字符串
            String base64Image = convertImageToBase64(image);
            qrCodeResponse.setQrCodeText(secretKey);
            qrCodeResponse.setBase64Image(base64Image);
            // 返回包含qrCodeText和Base64编码图片的信息
            return qrCodeResponse;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null; // 或者返回适当的错误信息
        }
    }
    /**
     * 将图片文件流转为base64
     */
    private String convertImageToBase64(BufferedImage image) {
        try {
            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write(image, "png", baos);
            byte[] imageBytes = baos.toByteArray();
            return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(imageBytes);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常
            return "";
        }
    }
    static public class QrCodeResponse {
        private String secretKey;
        private String base64Image;
        private boolean isBind;
        public String getSecretKey() {
            return secretKey;
        }
        public void setSecretKeyt(String secretKey) {
            this.secretKey = secretKey;
        }
        public String getBase64Image() {
            return base64Image;
        }
        public void setBase64Image(String base64Image) {
            this.base64Image = base64Image;
        }
        public boolean isBind() {
            return isBind;
        }
        public void setBind(boolean bind) {
            isBind = bind;
        }
    }
}

常用2FA验证工具

到此这篇关于SpringBoot项目添加2FA双因素身份认证的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot双因素身份认证内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

阅读全文