Spring cloud OpenFeign中动态URl、动态传递接口地址代码示例
作者:Best_Liu~
openFeign是作为微服务之间调用的解决方案,每个微服务项目是必不可少的,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于Spring cloud OpenFeign中动态URl、动态传递接口地址的相关资料,需要的朋友可以参考下
前言:
在微服务盛行的今天,做接口开发请求第三方服务的接口,大概率会用feign做请求,而feign也是最常用的一种rpc框架;
这里主要是说明在进行feign请求的时候,第三方服务的url和接口如何动态获取。
若是该接口是作为基础服务可能会请求多个第三方使用(我们就是不同分支的代码作为独立项目部署,请求不同的客户接口),不同客户的接口地址可能不同,此时就需要做成动态方式;
若是不常改动,其实也没必要动态了;
常用方式:
通常我们是这么请求第三方接口的:(用feign方式)
import com.zkaw.lxjtest.Dto.User; import com.zkaw.lxjtest.remoteCall.feign.factory.RemoteFeignFactory; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import java.util.List; /** * @Author: Best_Liu * @Description: * @Date Create in 11:14 2022/7/1 * @Modified By: */ @FeignClient(value = "mybatisPlus", url = "http://127.0.0.1:8090", fallbackFactory = RemoteFeignFactory.class) public interface RemoteFeignClient { @PostMapping("/user/selectListNoPage") /*@Headers({"content-type:application/json"})*/ List<User> test(@RequestBody User user); }
说明:
- 请求客户的url是:http://127.0.0.1:8090,
- 调用客户的具体的目标方法是:/user/selectListNoPage 这个方法
第二种方式:配置文件传参
import com.zkaw.lxjtest.Dto.User; import com.zkaw.lxjtest.remoteCall.feign.factory.RemoteFeignFactory; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import java.util.List; /** * @Author: Best_Liu * @Description: * @Date Create in 11:14 2022/7/1 * @Modified By: */ @FeignClient(value = "mybatisPlus", url = "${feign.client.url.TestUrl}", fallbackFactory = RemoteFeignFactory.class) public interface RemoteFeignClient { @PostMapping("/user/selectListNoPage") /*@Headers({"content-type:application/json"})*/ List<User> test(@RequestBody User user); }
然后添加配置文件,比如
在你的 application-dev.yml 文件中
feign: client: url: TestUrl: http://127.0.0.1:8088
第三种方式:调用feign时动态传入
实现了url和目标方法的动态传入
1、目标方法的动态传入
利用@PathVariable注解的特性;
用于接收请求路径中占位符的值
@PathVariable(“xxx”)
通过 @PathVariable 可以将URL中占位符参数{xxx}绑定到处理器类的方法形参中
如:
@RequestMapping(value=”user/{id}/{name}”)
请求路径:http://localhost:8080/hello/show/1/lisi
2、url动态实现
在创建feignclient时设置url地址
所以改造下我们的方法:
import com.zkaw.lxjtest.Dto.User; import com.zkaw.lxjtest.remoteCall.feign.factory.RemoteFeignFactory; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import java.util.List; /** * @Author: Best_Liu * @Description: * @Date Create in 11:14 2022/7/1 * @Modified By: */ @FeignClient(value = "mybatisPlus", fallbackFactory = RemoteFeignFactory.class) public interface RemoteFeignClient { @PostMapping("{apiName}") /*@Headers({"content-type:application/json"})*/ List<User> test(@PathVariable("apiName") String apiName, @RequestBody User user); }
feign接口调用方式,createFeignClient是Feign核心部分
import com.zkaw.lxjtest.Dto.User; import com.zkaw.lxjtest.remoteCall.feign.service.RemoteFeignClient; import feign.Feign; import feign.form.spring.SpringFormEncoder; import feign.optionals.OptionalDecoder; import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConverters; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.support.ResponseEntityDecoder; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.support.SpringDecoder; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.support.SpringEncoder; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.support.SpringMvcContract; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; /** * @Author: Best_Liu * @Description: * @Date Create in 11:20 2022/7/1 * @Modified By: */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/feign") public class feignController { @Autowired ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters; private RemoteFeignClient createFeignClient(String url) { /*1、在创建Feign客户端的时候最核心的对象是decoder、encoder、contract 通过跟踪源码与SpringBoot自动创建的Feign对象比较,设置decoder、encoder、 contract为SpringBoot中自动创建对象相同,然后定义Feign接口的时候, 各种参数的注解和方法的注解就可以和不动态修改url的相同了 decoder解码器,对返回的结果进行解码*/ OptionalDecoder decoder = new OptionalDecoder(new ResponseEntityDecoder(new SpringDecoder(messageConverters))); //encoder编码器,对输入的数据进行编码 SpringEncoder springEncoder = new SpringEncoder(messageConverters); SpringFormEncoder encoder = new SpringFormEncoder(springEncoder); //该对象是将接口进行解析,方便生成最后调用的网络对象HttpurlConnection SpringMvcContract contract = new SpringMvcContract(); RemoteFeignClient feignClient = Feign.builder() .decoder(decoder) .encoder(encoder) .contract(contract) //这个地方的Url可以根据每次调用的时候进行改变 .target(RemoteFeignClient.class, url); return feignClient; } @PostMapping("/selectListNoPage") public List<User> selectListNoPage(@RequestBody User user){ String apiName = "user/selectListNoPage"; String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8090"; RemoteFeignClient remoteFeignClient = createFeignClient(url); List<User> users = remoteFeignClient.test(apiName,user); return users; } }
结果示例
fallback方式服务降级
import com.zkaw.lxjtest.Dto.User; import com.zkaw.lxjtest.remoteCall.feign.service.RemoteFeignClient; import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * @Author: Best_Liu * @Description: 服务降级 * @Date Create in 11:34 2022/7/1 * @Modified By: */ @Component public class RemoteFeignFactory implements FallbackFactory<RemoteFeignClient> { private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RemoteFeignFactory.class); @Override public RemoteFeignClient create(Throwable throwable) { log.error("服务调用失败:{}", throwable.getMessage()); return new RemoteFeignClient() { @Override public List<User> test(@PathVariable("apiName") String apiName, User user) { return new ArrayList<>(); } }; } }
目前我想到的是这种方式,既可以把url动态配置,请求路径也可实现动态,
总结
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