C#实现gRPC服务和调用示例详解
作者:rjcql
gRPC 是一种与语言无关的高性能远程过程调用 (RPC) 框架,这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了C#如何实现gRPC服务和调用,需要的可以参考一下
写在前面
gRPC 是一种与语言无关的高性能远程过程调用 (RPC) 框架。
主要优点如下:
1.高性能轻量化。
2.协议优先的 API 定义模式,默认使用协议缓冲区,允许与语言无关的实现。
3.可用于多种语言的工具,以生成强类型服务器和客户端。
4.支持客户端、服务器和双向流式处理调用。
5.使用 Protobuf 二进制序列化减少对网络的使用。
gRPC 服务可以托管在 ASP.NET Core 上。 这些服务与日志记录、依赖关系注入 (DI)、身份验证和授权等 ASP.NET Core 功能完全集成。
本文示例包含服务端实现和客户端实现,服务端需要先从NuGet安装以下类库:
Grpc.AspNetCore
Grpc.AspNetCore.Server
Grpc.Tools
服务端项目配置如下:
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web"> <PropertyGroup> <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework> <Nullable>enable</Nullable> <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings> </PropertyGroup> <ItemGroup> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.AspNetCore" Version="2.60.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.AspNetCore.Server" Version="2.60.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.Tools" Version="2.60.0"> <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets> <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets> </PackageReference> </ItemGroup> <ItemGroup> <Protobuf Include="Protos\greet.proto" GrpcServices="Server" /> </ItemGroup> </Project>
greet.proto 配置文件内容如下,服务端和客户端一致。
syntax = "proto3"; option csharp_namespace = "GrpcGreeter"; package greet; // The greeting service definition. service Greeter { // Sends a greeting rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply); } // The request message containing the user's name. message HelloRequest { string name = 1; } // The response message containing the greetings. message HelloReply { string message = 1; }
客户端项目配置:
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk"> <PropertyGroup> <OutputType>Exe</OutputType> <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework> <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings> <Nullable>enable</Nullable> </PropertyGroup> <ItemGroup> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.AspNetCore" Version="2.60.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.Net.Client" Version="2.60.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Grpc.Tools" Version="2.60.0"> <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets> <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets> </PackageReference> </ItemGroup> <ItemGroup> <Protobuf Include="Protos\greet.proto" GrpcServices="Client" /> </ItemGroup> </Project>
需要从NuGet安装如下类库:
Grpc.AspNetCore
Grpc.Net.Client
Grpc.Tools
安装 Grpc.Tools 后,在生成项目时,可以自动生成对应的Protobuf通讯类。
这里还要把服务端的项目加载配置贴出来一下,主要是关于https的启动配置
在这里面
{ "$schema": "http://json.schemastore.org/launchsettings.json", "iisSettings": { "windowsAuthentication": false, "anonymousAuthentication": true, "iisExpress": { "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:64606", "sslPort": 44331 } }, "profiles": { "https": { "commandName": "Project", "dotnetRunMessages": true, "launchBrowser": true, "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:7086;http://localhost:5193", "environmentVariables": { "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development" } }, "IIS Express": { "commandName": "IISExpress", "launchBrowser": true, "environmentVariables": { "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development" } } } }
代码实现
客户端代码
using Grpc.Net.Client; using GrpcGreeter; using static GrpcGreeter.Greeter; using var channel = GrpcChannel.ForAddress("https://localhost:7086", (new GrpcChannelOptions() { UnsafeUseInsecureChannelCallCredentials = true })); var client = new GreeterClient(channel); var reply = await client.SayHelloAsync( new HelloRequest { Name = "GreeterClient" }); Console.WriteLine("Greeting: " + reply.Message); Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit..."); Console.ReadKey();
服务端代码
using Grpc.Core; using GrpcGreeter; using static GrpcGreeter.Greeter; var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); // Add services to the container. builder.Services.AddGrpc(); var app = builder.Build(); // Configure the HTTP request pipeline. app.MapGrpcService<GreeterService>(); app.MapGet("/", () => "Communication with gRPC endpoints must be made through a gRPC client."); app.Run(); public class GreeterService : GreeterBase { public override Task<HelloReply> SayHello(HelloRequest request, ServerCallContext context) { Console.WriteLine($"Request:{request.Name}"); return Task.FromResult(new HelloReply { Message = $"Hello this is rjcql's {request.Name}" }); } }
调用示例
服务端控制台输出
客户端控制台输出
项目目录结构示意
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