基于C#实现获取Windows所有窗口句柄
作者:rjcql
在做录屏或截屏操作时,需要获取当前正在运行中的桌面程序句柄,所以这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了如何使用C#实现获取Windows所有窗口句柄,需要的可以参考下
写在前面
在做录屏或截屏操作时,需要获取当前正在运行中的桌面程序句柄,在网上查找资源的的时候,发现了一个工具类还不错,这边做个验证记录。
参考代码
public class WindowApi { //寻找目标进程窗口 [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName); //设置进程窗口到最前 [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd); #region GetWindowCapture的dll引用 [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rectangle rect); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC int nWidth, // width of bitmap, in pixels int nHeight // height of bitmap, in pixels ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr SelectObject( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC IntPtr hgdiobj // handle to object ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] private static extern int DeleteDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern bool PrintWindow( IntPtr hwnd, // Window to copy,Handle to the window that will be copied. IntPtr hdcBlt, // HDC to print into,Handle to the device context. UInt32 nFlags // Optional flags,Specifies the drawing options. It can be one of the following values. ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC( IntPtr hwnd ); #endregion /// <summary> /// 根据句柄获取截图 /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Bitmap GetWindowCapture(IntPtr hWnd) { IntPtr hscrdc = GetWindowDC(hWnd); Rectangle windowRect = new Rectangle(); GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref windowRect); int width = Math.Abs(windowRect.X - windowRect.Width); int height = Math.Abs(windowRect.Y - windowRect.Height); IntPtr hbitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hscrdc, width, height); IntPtr hmemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hscrdc); SelectObject(hmemdc, hbitmap); PrintWindow(hWnd, hmemdc, 0); Bitmap bmp = Image.FromHbitmap(hbitmap); DeleteDC(hscrdc);//删除用过的对象 DeleteDC(hmemdc);//删除用过的对象 return bmp; } /// <summary> /// 根据句柄获取截图路径 /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetCapturePath(IntPtr hWnd) { string path = string.Empty; string dicPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Intercept"; if (!Directory.Exists(dicPath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(dicPath); } using (Bitmap bitmap = GetWindowCapture(hWnd)) { path = dicPath + "\\" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", "") + ".png"; bitmap.Save(path); } return path; } private delegate bool WNDENUMPROC(IntPtr hWnd, int lParam); //用来遍历所有窗口 [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern bool EnumWindows(WNDENUMPROC lpEnumFunc, int lParam); //获取窗口Text [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int GetWindowTextW(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount); //获取窗口类名 [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int GetClassNameW(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount); //自定义一个结构,用来保存句柄信息 public struct WindowInfo { public IntPtr hWnd; public string szWindowName; public string szClassName; } public static WindowInfo[] GetAllDesktopWindows() { //用来保存窗口对象 列表 List<WindowInfo> wndList = new List<WindowInfo>(); //enum all desktop windows EnumWindows(delegate (IntPtr hWnd, int lParam) { WindowInfo wnd = new WindowInfo(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256); //get hwnd wnd.hWnd = hWnd; //get window name GetWindowTextW(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity); wnd.szWindowName = sb.ToString(); //get window class GetClassNameW(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity); wnd.szClassName = sb.ToString(); //add it into list wndList.Add(wnd); return true; }, 0); return wndList.ToArray(); } [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "SetProcessWorkingSetSize")] public static extern int SetProcessWorkingSetSize(IntPtr process, int minSize, int maxSize); /// <summary> /// 释放内存 /// </summary> public async static Task ClearMemory() { //获得当前工作进程 Process proc = Process.GetCurrentProcess(); long usedMemory = proc.PrivateMemorySize64; if (usedMemory > 1024 * 1024 * 10) { GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); if (Environment.OSVersion.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT) { SetProcessWorkingSetSize(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, -1, -1); } await Task.Delay(10); } } }
调用结果
调用示意:
var programList = WindowApi.GetAllDesktopWindows().Where(x => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(x.szWindowName)).ToList();
listBoxWindows.DataSource = programList.Select(x => x.szWindowName).ToList();
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