使用C#实现将CSV文件内容装配成对象列表
作者：rjcql
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了如何使用C#实现将CSV文件内容装配成对象列表,文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起学习一下
写在前面
CSV文件采用纯文本的存储形式，字段间以分隔符进行区分，行之间以换行符进行切换，既可以用文本编辑器打开也可以用Excel编辑，可读性非常好，在游戏开发领域经常将其作为数值配置文件使用。文本编辑器推荐EmEditor，轻巧而不失强大，策划们用的爱不释手。程序将配置反序列化后，装箱成对象列表，就可以随意访问和操作了。
代码实现过程可以直接File.ReadAllLine，然后再逐行按分隔符分割，也可以使用专门的类库来操作；本文直接用现成的轮子LumenWorks.Framework.IO类库，通过NuGet获取并安装。
代码实现
public static class CsvHelper
{
public static List<T> GetDataList<T>(string csvFilePath) where T : class
{
var list = new List<T>();
if (!File.Exists(csvFilePath))
{
return list;
}
var csvType = typeof(T);
var content = File.ReadAllBytes(csvFilePath);
using (var ms = new MemoryStream(content))
using (var sr = new StreamReader(ms, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"), true))
using (var tr = sr as TextReader)
{
var cr = new CsvReader(tr, true);
var props = csvType.GetProperties();
var heads = cr.GetFieldHeaders();
while (cr.ReadNextRecord())
{
try
{
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(csvType);
foreach (var prop in props)
{
if (!heads.Contains(prop.Name))
continue;
string value = cr[prop.Name];
prop.SetValue(obj, GetDefaultValue(prop, value), null);
}
list.Add(obj as T);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// log here
continue;
}
}
}
return list;
}
private static object GetDefaultValue(PropertyInfo prop, string value)
{
switch (prop.PropertyType.Name)
{
case "String":
return value.ToNormalString();
case "Int32":
return value.ToInt32();
case "Decimal":
return value.ToDecimal();
case "Single":
return value.ToFloat();
case "Boolean":
return value.ToBoolean();
case "DateTime":
return value.ToDateTime();
case "Double":
return value.ToDouble();
default:
return null;
}
}
#region 类型转换方法
/// <summary>
/// 对象类型转换为Int32
/// </summary>
public static int ToInt32(this object obj)
{
if (obj == null)
return 0;
try
{
Type type = obj.GetType();
if (type == typeof(double) ||
type == typeof(float) ||
type == typeof(decimal))
return (int)obj;
int tmp;
if (int.TryParse(obj.ToString(), out tmp))
return tmp;
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// String to int.
/// </summary>
public static int ToInt32(this string obj)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(obj))
return 0;
try
{
if (obj.Contains("."))
return (int)Convert.ToSingle(obj);
int tmp;
if (int.TryParse(obj, out tmp))
return tmp;
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Double To Int
/// </summary>
public static int ToInt32(this double value)
{
try
{
return (int)value;
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Float To Int
/// </summary>
public static int ToInt32(this float value)
{
try
{
return (int)value;
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 对象类型转换为Int32
/// </summary>
public static long ToInt64(this object obj)
{
if (obj == null)
return 0;
try
{
long tmp;
if (long.TryParse(obj.ToString(), out tmp))
return tmp;
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为字符串
/// </summary>
public static string ToNormalString(this object obj)
{
if (obj == null)
return string.Empty;
try
{
return Convert.ToString(obj);
}
catch
{
return string.Empty;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为日期
/// </summary>
public static DateTime ToDateTime(this object obj)
{
if (obj == null)
{
return Convert.ToDateTime("1970-01-01 00:00:00");
}
try
{
return Convert.ToDateTime(obj.ToString());
}
catch
{
return Convert.ToDateTime("1970-01-01 00:00:00");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为布尔型
/// </summary>
public static bool ToBoolean(this object obj)
{
if (obj != null)
{
string type = obj.GetType().Name;
switch (type)
{
case "String":
return (obj.ToString().ToLower() == "true" || obj.ToString() == "1");
case "Int32":
return ((int)obj) == 1;
case "Boolean":
return (bool)obj;
default:
return false;
}
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为十进制数值
/// </summary>
public static Decimal ToDecimal(this object obj)
{
decimal result = 0M;
if (obj == null)
{
return 0M;
}
switch (obj.GetType().Name)
{
case "Int32":
return decimal.Parse(obj.ToString());
case "Int64":
return decimal.Parse(obj.ToString());
case "Boolean":
if ((bool)obj)
{
return 1M;
}
return 0M;
}
var resultString = Regex.Replace(obj.ToString(), "[^0-9.]", "");
result = resultString.Length == 0 ? 0M : decimal.Parse(resultString);
if (obj.ToString().StartsWith("-"))
{
result *= -1M;
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为双精度.
/// </summary>
public static double ToDouble(this object obj)
{
double d;
if (double.TryParse(Convert.ToString(obj), out d))
return d;
else
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换为单精度.
/// </summary>
public static float ToFloat(this object value)
{
var v = value.ToNormalString();
if (v == "")
{
return 0;
}
else
{
float result;
if (float.TryParse(v, out result))
{
return result;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 时间转换.
/// </summary>
public static DateTime ToDateTimeOrCurrent(this object obj)
{
DateTime dt;
if (DateTime.TryParse(Convert.ToString(obj), out dt))
return dt;
else
return DateTime.Now;
}
#endregion
}示例 CSV 文件内容：
Name,Age,IsMale,Birthday
Lee,28,TRUE,1996/1/1
Jane,29,FALSE,1997/11/1
示例 CSV 文件对应的反序列化目标类：
public class TestConfig
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public bool IsMale { get; set; }
public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
}调用示例
var csvFilePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestConfigs.csv");
var list = CsvHelper.GetDataList<TestConfig>(csvFilePath);
foreach (var item in list)
{
var name = item.Name;
var age = item.Age;
var isMale = item.IsMale;
var birthday = item.Birthday;
var sex = isMale ? "male" : "female";
Console.WriteLine($"{name} is {sex}");
}执行结果：
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