如何用java编写微信小程序消息提醒推送
作者：Pluto652
最近参与开发的项目有用到微信模板消息推送,在这离记录一下,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于如何用java编写微信小程序消息提醒推送的相关资料,需要的朋友可以参考下
一.先制定模板，我以已删除的模板为例
二.java后台创建小程序 Vo类，用于封装传送的参数。
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class TemplateDataVo {
/*微信文档中要求的格式 "data": { "name01": {"value": "某某"},"thing01": {"value": "广州至北京"
} ,"date01": {"value": "2018-01-01"}
}*/
private String value;
}import lombok.Data;
import java.util.Map;
/*
* 小程序推送所需数据
* */
@Data
public class WxMssVo {
private String touser;//用户openid
private String template_id;//模版id
private String page = "pages/index/index";//默认跳到小程序首页
// private String emphasis_keyword = "keyword1.DATA";//放大那个推送字段
private Map<String, TemplateDataVo> data;//推送文字
}1.获取小程序全局后台接口调用凭据，有效期最长为7200
/*
* 获取access_token
* appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
* */
public String getAccess_token() {
//获取access_token
String appid = "*****"; //appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
String appsecret = "*****"; //appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential" +
"&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret;
if(restTemplate==null){
restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
}
String json = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
JSONObject myJson = JSONObject.parseObject(json);
return myJson.get("access_token").toString();
}2.发送消息给指定的用户
public String pushOneUser(String access_token, String openid, String type, String templateId, String[] keywords) {
//如果access_token为空则从新获取
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(access_token)){
access_token = getAccess_token();
}
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/subscribe/send" +
"?access_token=" + access_token;
//拼接推送的模版
WxMssVo wxMssVo = new WxMssVo();
wxMssVo.setTouser(openid);//用户openid
/*wxMssVo.setForm_id(formId);//formId*/
wxMssVo.setTemplate_id(templateId);//模版id
Map<String, TemplateDataVo> m = new HashMap<>();
if (type.equals("3")) {
m.put("thing3", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
m.put("time1", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
m.put("thing4", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
wxMssVo.setData(m);
}
if(restTemplate==null){
restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
}
ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity =
restTemplate.postForEntity(url, wxMssVo, String.class);
log.error("小程序推送结果={}", responseEntity.getBody());
return responseEntity.getBody();
}3.整合
package com.ac.project.task.utils;
import com.ac.project.task.service.impl.applet.WXServiceImpl;
import com.ac.project.task.vo.TemplateDataVo;
import com.ac.project.task.vo.WxMssVo;
import com.alibaba.druid.util.StringUtils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @program: coworking
* @description: 微信工具类
* @author: zhaozehui
* @create: 2023-05-08 10:09
**/
@Slf4j
public class weChatUtil {
private static RestTemplate restTemplate;
final Boolean flag = false;
/**
* description 1.获取用户的临时code
* param [appid, redirectUrl]
* return java.lang.String
* author
**/
public static String getUserUathUrl(String appid, String redirectUrl) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuffer getcodeUrl = new StringBuffer()
.append("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize")
.append("?appid=" + appid)
.append("&redirect_uri=" + URLEncoder.encode(redirectUrl, "utf-8"))
.append("&response_type=code")
.append("&scope=snsapi_userinfo")
.append("&state=" + System.currentTimeMillis())
.append("#wechat_redirect");
return getcodeUrl.toString();
}
/**
* description 2.获取用户的openid和access_token
* param [appid, appSecret, code]
* return java.lang.String
* author
**/
public static String getBaseAccessTokenUrl(String appid, String appSecret, String code) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuffer baseAccessTokenUrl = new StringBuffer()
.append("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token")
.append("?appid=" + appid)
.append("&secret=" + appSecret)
.append("&code=" + code)
.append("&grant_type=authorization_code");
return baseAccessTokenUrl.toString();
}
/**
* description 3.根据openid 获取用户的信息
* param [accessToken, openid]
* return java.lang.String
* author
**/
public static String getBaseUserInfoUrl(String accessToken, String openid) {
StringBuffer baseUserInfoUrl = new StringBuffer()
.append("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo")
.append("?access_token=" + accessToken)
.append("&openid=" + openid)
.append("&lang=zh_CN");
return baseUserInfoUrl.toString();
}
/**
* description 4检验授权凭证（access_token）是否有效
* param [openid, accessToken]
* return java.lang.String
**/
public static String checkAccessToken(String openid, String accessToken) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer().append(" https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/auth")
.append("?access_token=" + accessToken)
.append("&openid=" + openid);
return stringBuffer.toString();
}
/**
* description 微信小程序登录，通过code获取session_key和openid
* param [appid, secret, code]
* return java.lang.String
* author
**/
public static String getCode2Session(String appid, String secret, String code) {
StringBuffer code2Session = new StringBuffer()
.append("ttps://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session")
.append("?appid=" + appid)
.append("&secret=" + secret)
.append("&js_code=" + code)
.append("&grant_type=authorization_code");
return code2Session.toString();
}
/**
* 推送消息给指定的用户
* @param access_token app的token
* @param openid 用户openid
* @param type 类型 1派发模板 2.反馈提醒 3审核模板 4日期截至提醒模板
* @param templateId 模板ID
* @param keywords {与模板字段一一对应}
* @return
*/
public String pushOneUser(String access_token, String openid, String type, String templateId, String[] keywords) {
//如果access_token为空则从新获取
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(access_token)){
access_token = getAccess_token();
}
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/subscribe/send" +
"?access_token=" + access_token;
//拼接推送的模版
WxMssVo wxMssVo = new WxMssVo();
wxMssVo.setTouser(openid);//用户openid
/*wxMssVo.setForm_id(formId);//formId*/
wxMssVo.setTemplate_id(templateId);//模版id
Map<String, TemplateDataVo> m = new HashMap<>();
if (type.equals("3")) {
m.put("thing3", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
m.put("time1", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
m.put("thing4", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
wxMssVo.setData(m);
} else if (type.equals("1")) {
/* [发起人,发布时间,任务名称,任务描述,结束时间]*/
m.put("thing12",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
m.put("date3",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
m.put("thing4",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
m.put("thing6",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[3]));
m.put("time9",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[4]));
}else if (type.equals("2")){
}
if(restTemplate==null){
restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
}
ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity =
restTemplate.postForEntity(url, wxMssVo, String.class);
log.error("小程序推送结果={}", responseEntity.getBody());
return responseEntity.getBody();
}
/*
* 获取access_token
* appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取，当然也可以让小程序开发人员给你传过来
* */
public String getAccess_token() {
//获取access_token
String appid = "";
String appsecret = "";
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential" +
"&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret;
if(restTemplate==null){
restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
}
String json = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
JSONObject myJson = JSONObject.parseObject(json);
return myJson.get("access_token").toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(new WXServiceImpl().getAccess_token());
WXServiceImpl wxService = new WXServiceImpl();
String values[] = {"zzh7878","2023年5月8日 15:01","ceshi"};
wxService.pushOneUser(wxService.getAccess_token()
, "oM47R5KO0kFhsScuitgSJSjiN0s", "3", "QhJq4RvU7qGyf7FY_ZFc1sHJCTD8VkFvtHEx8uHwY4"
, values);
}
}4.测试
注意：在前端调用方法时，只有发生点击行为或者支付行为才会出现订阅栏
微信小程序文档：wx.requestSubscribeMessage(Object object) | 微信开放文档
会出现以下弹窗
未允许的话，会出现以下日志
点击允许后，再次测试收到通知
总结
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