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C#中NAudio音频库的安装与使用教程详解

作者：SongYuLong的博客

NAudio为.NET平台下的开源库,采用ML-PL协议,它支持许多音频操作,可实现多种API播放与录制、多种不同音频格式等功能,下面就跟随小编一起学习一下NAudio的安装与使用吧

NAudio安装

项目=>NuGet包管理器 搜索NAudio点击安装，自动安装依赖库。

安装成功后工具箱会新增NAudio.WinForms控件

NAudio简述

NAudio为.NET平台下的开源库，采用ML-PL协议，开源地址：https://github.com/naudio/NAudio支持多种音频操作，可实现多种API播放与录制、多种不同音频格式、音频格式转换（重采样、位深、声道等）、音频编码、多通道播放、音频效果处理等等。

快速入门

深入研究

常用类：

常用接口：

简单示例1

自定义录音机类：Recorder.cs

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace NAudioDemo
{
    internal class Recorder
    {
        public WaveIn mWaveIn;
        public WaveFileWriter mWaveFileWriter;
        public int secondsRecorded;
        /// <summary>
        /// 开始录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filePath"></param>
        public void RecorderStart(string filePath)
        {
            // 创建WaveIn对象
            mWaveIn = new WaveIn();
            // 添加DataAvailable事件处理回调
            mWaveIn.DataAvailable += OnDataAvailable;
            // 创建WaveFileWriter对象
            mWaveFileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(filePath, mWaveIn.WaveFormat);
            // 开始录音
            mWaveIn.StartRecording();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止录音
        /// </summary>
        public void RecorderStop()
        {
            mWaveIn?.StopRecording();
            mWaveIn?.Dispose();
            mWaveFileWriter?.Close();
            mWaveFileWriter = null;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 录音数据回调
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void OnDataAvailable(object sender, WaveInEventArgs e)
        {
            // 写入录音数据
            mWaveFileWriter.Write(e.Buffer, 0, e.BytesRecorded);           
            // 计算已录制的秒数
            secondsRecorded = (int)mWaveFileWriter.Length / mWaveFileWriter.WaveFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond;
        }
    }
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using NAudio.Wave;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Media;
using NAudio.Dsp;
namespace NAudioDemo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {             
        // 创建录音机类实例
        Recorder recorder = new Recorder();
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = false;
            button2.Enabled = true;
            recorder.RecorderStart(@"D:\1.wav");
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = true;
            button2.Enabled = false;
            recorder.RecorderStop();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer(@"D:\1.wav");
            player.Play();           
        }
    }
}

录制麦克风

借助 WaveIn 类, 我们可以轻易的捕获麦克风输入, 在每一次录制到数据时, 将数据写入到文件或其他流, 这就实现了保存录音

在保存波形文件时需要借助 WaveFileWriter, 当然, 如果你想保存为其他格式, 也可以使用其它的 Writer, 例如 CurWaveFileWriter 以及AiffFileWriter, 美中不足的是没有直接写入到 MP3 的 FileWriter

需要注意的是, 桌面程序可以直接使用 WaveIn, 其回调基于 Windows 消息, 所以无法在控制台应用中使用 WaveIn

如果要在控制台应用中实现录音, 只需要使用 WaveInEvent, 它的回调基于事件而不是 Windows 消息, 所以可以通用

示例代码：

WaveIn cap = new WaveIn(); // cap, capture
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded); // 订阅事件
cap.StartRecording(); // 开始录制
cap.StopRecording(); // 停止录制
writer.Close(); // 关闭 FileWriter, 保存数据

另外, 除了使用 WaveIn, 你还可以使用 WasapiCapture, 它与 WaveIn 的使用方式是一致的, 可以用来录制麦克风

Wasapi 全称 Windows Audio Session Application Programming Interface (Windows音频会话应用编程接口)

具体 WaveIn, WaveInEvent, WasapiCapture 的性能, 笔者还没有测试过, 但估计不会有太大差异.

提示: WasapiCapture 和 WasapiLoopbackCapture 位于 NAudio.Wave 命名空间下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using NAudio;
using NAudio.Wave;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form2 : Form
    {
        private WaveIn waveIn = null;
        private WaveFileWriter writer = null;
        public Form2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置保存文件名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            saveFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
            saveFileDialog1.Filter = "audio files (*.wav)|*.wav| all files (*.*)|*.*"; // 文件类型过滤
            saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "*.wav"; // 默认文件扩展名
            //saveFileDialog1.FileName = "1.wav"; // 默认文件名
            if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = saveFileDialog1.FileName; // 获取文件名
                textBox1.Text = fName;
                button2.Enabled = true;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 开始录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //waveIn = new WaveIn { WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1) };
            waveIn = new WaveIn();
            waveIn.WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1);
            writer = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), waveIn.WaveFormat);
            waveIn.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
            waveIn.StartRecording();
            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = true;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            waveIn.StopRecording();
            waveIn.Dispose();
            waveIn = null;
            writer.Flush();
            writer.Close();
            writer.Dispose();
            button2.Enabled = true;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }
    }
}

录制系统声卡

录制声卡输出, 也就是录制计算机正在播放的声音, 借助 WasapiLoopbackCapture 即可简单实现, 使用方式与 WasapiCapture 无异

WasapiLoopbackCapture cap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
cap.StartRecording();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form3 : Form
    {
        private WasapiLoopbackCapture loopCap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
        private WaveFileWriter fileWriter;
        public Form3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
            saveFileDialog.Filter = "wave file *.wav|*.wav|all filse *.*|*.*";
            saveFileDialog.DefaultExt = ".wav";
            if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = saveFileDialog.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;            
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 录制声卡开始
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            fileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), loopCap.WaveFormat) ;
            loopCap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => fileWriter.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
            loopCap.StartRecording();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 录制声卡停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            loopCap.StopRecording();
            fileWriter.Flush();
            fileWriter.Close();
            fileWriter.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

WAV格式播放

NAudio 中, 通过 WaveFileReader 来读取波形数据, 在实例化时, 你可以指定文件名或者是输入流, 这意味着你可以读取内存流中的音频数据.

WaveFileReader reader = new WaveFileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader); // 通过 IWaveProvider 为音频输出初始化
wout.Play(); // 至此, wout 将从指定的 reader 中提供的数据进行播放

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form4 : Form
    {
        private WaveOut wout_wav;
        WaveFileReader reader;
        public Form4()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.wav|*.wav";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.wav";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new WaveFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout_wav = new WaveOut();
            wout_wav.Init(reader);
            wout_wav.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Stop();
            wout_wav.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
        }
    }
}

MP3格式播放

播放 MP3 音乐其实与播放波形音乐没有太大区别, 只不过将 WaveFileReader 换成Mp3FileReader 罢了

Mp3FileReader reader = new Mp3FileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader);
wout.Play();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form5 : Form
    {
        Mp3FileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout_mp3;
        public Form5()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new Mp3FileReader(textBox1.Text);
            wout_mp3 = new WaveOut();
            wout_mp3.Init(reader);
            wout_mp3.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Stop();
            wout_mp3.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

AudioFileReader读取播放音频

通过AudioFileReader读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式

AudioFileReader reader = new AudioFileReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form6 : Form
    {
        AudioFileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;
        public Form6()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void Form6_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName; 
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new AudioFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();  
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

MediaFoundationReader 读取播放音频

通过MediaFoundationReader 读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式

MediaFoundationReader reader = new MediaFoundationReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form7 : Form
    {
        MediaFoundationReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;
        public Form7()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog  ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new MediaFoundationReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

以上就是C#中NAudio音频库的安装与使用教程详解的详细内容，更多关于C# NAudio的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章！

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