C语言实现为无声avi视频添加wave音乐
作者:乐山劲松
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了C语言如何实现为无声avi视频添加wave音乐,文中的示例代码讲解详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴可以了解一下
编程中发现,头文件结构中很多参数要求很不严格,只有少数几个很重要,
其实,这个程序就是为后期的用摄像头录像,麦克风录音作准备的,此程序用的音频我就是用麦克风录制的。
现在此程序生成的avi 可以被deepin的 自带视频播放软件播放了。
我理解,单位时间内,视频和音频交叉的数据的播放时间要相等。单位内音频和视频可以多次交叉,也可交叉一次。
每一段交叉的音频视频数据前必须要要加数据类型标识xxdc,xxwb和数据长度。告诉播放器下面的数据是什麽类型,有多长。
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <wait.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/mman.h> static int ap; static int at; static int nframe = 0; static unsigned int vzj = 0; static unsigned int azj = 0; //下面7个参数必须要先定义 #define zwidth 720 #define zheigth 496 #define zvrate 30 //video 帧率 #define channal 2 //audio 频道数 #define zarate 44100 //audio 采样率 #define bitper 16 //audio 采样宽度 #define vbitper 24 //video 采样宽度 int main(void) { struct file { struct riff { char id[4]; unsigned int size; char type[4]; struct hdrl { char id[4]; unsigned int size; unsigned char type[4]; struct avih { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为avih unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_avih_chunk去掉id和size的大小 unsigned int us_per_frame; //视频帧间隔时间(以微秒为单位) unsigned int max_bytes_per_sec; //AVI文件的最大数据率 unsigned int padding; //设为0即可 unsigned int flags; //AVI文件全局属性,如是否含有索引块、音视频数据是否交叉存储等 unsigned int total_frames; //总帧数 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int streams; //文件包含的流的个数,仅有视频流时为1 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //指定读取本文件建议使用的缓冲区大小,通常为存储一桢图像 unsigned int width; //视频主窗口宽度(单位:像素) unsigned int height; //视频主窗口高度(单位:像素) unsigned int reserved[4]; //保留段,设为0即可 } av; struct strl { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为LIST unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strl_list去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char type[4]; //strl struct strh1 { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strh unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strh_chunk去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char stream_type[4]; //流的类型,vids表示视频流,auds表示音频流 unsigned char codec[4]; //指定处理这个流需要的解码器,如JPEG unsigned int flags; //标记,如是否允许这个流输出、调色板是否变化等,一般设为0即可 unsigned short priority; //流的优先级,视频流设为0即可 unsigned short language; //音频语言代号,视频流设为0即可 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int scale; // unsigned int rate; //对于视频流,rate / scale = 帧率fps unsigned int start; //对于视频流,设为0即可 unsigned int length; //对于视频流,length即总帧数 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //读取这个流数据建议使用的缓冲区大小 unsigned int quality; //流数据的质量指标 unsigned int sample_size; //音频采样大小,视频流设为0即可 short left; //这个流在视频主窗口中的显示位置,设为{0,0,width,height}即可 short top; short right; short bottom; } sh1; struct strf1 { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strf unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strf_chunk去掉id和size的大小 //_BITMAPINFOHEADER 结构 int size1; // 指定结构所需的字节数。=size unsigned int width; //指定位图的宽度(以像素为单位)。 unsigned int height; //指定位图的高度(以像素为单位) unsigned short planes; //指定目标设备的平面数。 此值必须设置为 1。 unsigned short bitcount; //每个像素占的位数,只能是1、4、8、16、24和32中的一个 unsigned char compression[4]; //指定压缩的自下而上位图的压缩类型 unsigned int image_size; //指定图像的大小(以字节为单位),等于width * height * bitcount / 8 unsigned int x_pixels_per_meter; //显示设备的水平分辨率,设为0即可 unsigned int y_pixels_per_meter; //显示设备的垂直分辨率,设为0即可 unsigned int num_colors; //含义不清楚,设为0即可 unsigned int imp_colors; //含义不清楚,设为0即可 } sf1; } sl1; struct strl2 { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为LIST unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strl_list去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char type[4]; //strl struct strh2 { unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strh unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strh_chunk去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char stream_type[4]; //流的类型,vids表示视频流,auds表示音频流 unsigned char codec[4]; //指定处理这个流需要的解码器,如JPEG unsigned int flags; //标记,如是否允许这个流输出、调色板是否变化等,一般设为0即可 unsigned short priority; //流的优先级,视频流设为0即可 unsigned short language; //音频语言代号,视频流设为0即可 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int scale; // unsigned int rate; //对于视频流,rate / scale = 帧率fps unsigned int start; //对于视频流,设为0即可 unsigned int length; //对于视频流,length即总帧数 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //读取这个流数据建议使用的缓冲区大小 unsigned int quality; //流数据的质量指标 unsigned int sample_size; //音频采样大小,视频流设为0即可 short left; //这个流在视频主窗口中的显示位置,设为{0,0,width,height}即可 short top; short right; short bottom; } sh2; struct strf2 { char id[4]; //strf int size; short wFormatTag; //波形音频格式类型,格式标记在 Microsoft Corporation 中注册,用于许多压缩算法, short nChannels; //声道数 85= WAVE_FORMAT_PCM int nSamplesPerSec; //采样率,以每秒样本数 (赫) ,常见值为 8.0 kHz、11.025 kHz、22.05 kHz 和 44.1 kHz int nAvgBytesPerSec; //格式标记所需的平均数据传输速率(以字节/秒为单位)=nsam*nblock short nBlockAlign; //阻止对齐(以字节为单位),nBlockAlign 必须等于 nChannels 和 wBitsPerSample 的乘积除以 8 (位/字节) short wBitsPerSample;// 如果 wFormatTag WAVE_FORMAT_PCM,则 wBitsPerSample 应等于 8 或 16 short biSize; //追加到 WAVEFORMATEX 结构末尾的额外格式信息的大小(以字节为单位) } sf2; } sl2; } hd; struct movi { char id[4]; unsigned int size; char type[4]; } mo; } ri; } head; FILE *fo = fopen("/home/wjs/Videos/demo.avi", "w+b"); //生成avi FILE *f = fopen("/home/wjs/Videos/tra_mjpg.avi", "r+b"); //无声视频文件 FILE *af = fopen("/home/wjs/Music/15s.wav", "r+b"); //wav 文件 fseek(fo, sizeof(head), SEEK_SET); if (f == NULL) { puts("file_in error"); exit(-1); } if (af == NULL) { puts("file2_in error"); exit(-1); } fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); int flen = ftell(f); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET); fseek(af, 0, SEEK_END); int aflen = ftell(af); fseek(af, 0, SEEK_SET); int tf = fileno(f); int taf = fileno(af); char *mf = mmap(NULL, flen, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, tf, 0); char *maf = mmap(NULL, aflen, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, taf, 0); for (int a = 0; a < aflen; a++) { if ((maf[a] == 'd') && (maf[a + 1] == 'a') && (maf[a + 2] == 't') && (maf[a + 3] == 'a')) { ap = a + 4 + 4; at = ap; } } int t = 0; while (t < flen) { int n = 0; while ((n <zvrate) && (t < flen)) { if ((mf[t] == '0') && (mf[t + 1] == '0') && (mf[t + 2] == 'd') && (mf[t + 3]) == 'c') { char c00dc[] = {'0', '0', 'd', 'c'}; fwrite(c00dc, 4, 1, fo); fwrite(&mf[t + 4], 4, 1, fo); //写长度 int dx = 0; memcpy(&dx, &mf[t + 4], 4); fwrite(&mf[t + 8], dx, 1, fo); //写数据 vzj = vzj + 8 + dx; n++; t++; nframe++; } else { t++; } } //------------------------ 以一秒为单位,视频,音频数据交叉一次------------------------------------------------ char c01wb[] = {'0', '1', 'w', 'b'}; fwrite(c01wb, 4, 1, fo); int h=channal*zarate*bitper/8; fwrite(&h,4,1,fo); azj = azj + 8; fwrite(&maf[ap],h, 1, fo); //写audio数据 ap = ap +h; azj = azj +h; } //---------------------------------------------- typedef struct file File; File ffile = { { //riff {'R', 'I', 'F', 'F'}, vzj + azj + 8, {'A', 'V', 'I', ' '}, //hdrl { {'L', 'I', 'S', 'T'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd) - 8, {'s', 't', 'r', 'l'}, //avih { {'a', 'v', 'i', 'h'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.av) - 8, 1000000/zvrate, zwidth*zheigth*vbitper*zvrate, 0, 0, nframe,0, 2, //audio + video 流总数 zwidth*zheigth*vbitper, zwidth,zheigth, {0, 0, 0, 0} }, //strl1 { {'L', 'I', 'S', 'T'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl1) - 8, {'s', 't', 'r', 'l'}, { //strh1 {'s', 't', 'r', 'h'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1) - 8, {'v', 'i', 'd', 's'}, //代表视频 {'M', 'J', 'P', 'G'}, //图像格式 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,zvrate, 0, nframe, zwidth*zheigth*vbitper*zvrate, 10000, 0, 0, 0,zwidth,zheigth }, { //strf1 {'s', 't', 'r', 'f'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl1.sf1) - 8, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl1.sf1) - 8, zwidth,zheigth, 1, vbitper, {'M', 'J', 'P', 'G'}, //图像格式 zwidth*zheigth*vbitper/8, 0, 0, 0, 0 } }, //strl2 { {'L', 'I', 'S', 'T'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl2) - 8, {'s', 't', 'r', 'l'}, { //strh2 {'s', 't', 'r', 'h'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2) - 8, {'a', 'u', 'd', 's'}, //代表声音 {0, 0, 0, 0}, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,zarate, //这个帧率会影响图像的帧率 0, 0,channal*zarate*bitper/8, 10000, zarate, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { //strf2 {'s', 't', 'r', 'f'}, sizeof(head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2) - 8, 1,channal,zarate,zarate*channal*bitper/8,channal*bitper/8,bitper, 0 } } }, //movi { {'L', 'I', 'S', 'T'}, // movisize, vzj, {'m', 'o', 'v', 'i'} } } }; fseek(fo, 0, SEEK_SET); fwrite(&ffile, sizeof(ffile), 1, fo); //----------------------------------------- fclose(fo); puts("over"); return 0; }
附 查看avi文件参数:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <wait.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/mman.h> int main(void){ struct file{ struct riff{ char id[4]; unsigned int size; char type[4]; struct hdrl{ char id[4]; unsigned int size; unsigned char type[4]; struct avih{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为avih unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_avih_chunk去掉id和size的大小 unsigned int us_per_frame; //视频帧间隔时间(以微秒为单位) unsigned int max_bytes_per_sec; //AVI文件的最大数据率 unsigned int padding; //设为0即可 unsigned int flags; //AVI文件全局属性,如是否含有索引块、音视频数据是否交叉存储等 unsigned int total_frames; //总帧数 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int streams; //文件包含的流的个数,仅有视频流时为1 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //指定读取本文件建议使用的缓冲区大小,通常为存储一桢图像 unsigned int width; //视频主窗口宽度(单位:像素) unsigned int height; //视频主窗口高度(单位:像素) unsigned int reserved[4]; //保留段,设为0即可 }av; struct strl{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为LIST unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strl_list去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char type[4]; //strl struct strh1{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strh unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strh_chunk去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char stream_type[4]; //流的类型,vids表示视频流,auds表示音频流 unsigned char codec[4]; //指定处理这个流需要的解码器,如JPEG unsigned int flags; //标记,如是否允许这个流输出、调色板是否变化等,一般设为0即可 unsigned short priority; //流的优先级,视频流设为0即可 unsigned short language; //音频语言代号,视频流设为0即可 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int scale; // unsigned int rate; //对于视频流,rate / scale = 帧率fps unsigned int start; //对于视频流,设为0即可 unsigned int length; //对于视频流,length即总帧数 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //读取这个流数据建议使用的缓冲区大小 unsigned int quality; //流数据的质量指标 unsigned int sample_size; //音频采样大小,视频流设为0即可 short left; //这个流在视频主窗口中的显示位置,设为{0,0,width,height}即可 short top; short right; short bottom; }sh1; struct strf1{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strf unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strf_chunk去掉id和size的大小 //_BITMAPINFOHEADER 结构 int size1; // 指定结构所需的字节数。=size unsigned int width; //指定位图的宽度(以像素为单位)。 unsigned int height; //指定位图的高度(以像素为单位) unsigned short planes; //指定目标设备的平面数。 此值必须设置为 1。 unsigned short bitcount; //每个像素占的位数,只能是1、4、8、16、24和32中的一个 unsigned char compression[4]; //指定压缩的自下而上位图的压缩类型 unsigned int image_size; //指定图像的大小(以字节为单位),等于width * height * bitcount / 8 unsigned int x_pixels_per_meter; //显示设备的水平分辨率,设为0即可 unsigned int y_pixels_per_meter; //显示设备的垂直分辨率,设为0即可 unsigned int num_colors; //含义不清楚,设为0即可 unsigned int imp_colors; //含义不清楚,设为0即可 }sf1; }sl1; struct strl2{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为LIST unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strl_list去掉id和size的大小 unsigned char type[4]; //strl struct strh2{ unsigned char id[4]; //块ID,固定为strh unsigned int size; //块大小,等于struct avi_strh_chunk去掉id和size的���小 unsigned char stream_type[4]; //流的类型,vids表示视频流,auds表示音频流 unsigned char codec[4]; //指定处理这个流需要的解码器,如JPEG unsigned int flags; //标记,如是否允许这个流输出、调色板是否变化等,一般设为0即可 unsigned short priority; //流的优先级,视频流设为0即可 unsigned short language; //音频语言代号,视频流设为0即可 unsigned int init_frames; //为交互格式指定初始帧数(非交互格式应该指定为0) unsigned int scale; // unsigned int rate; //对于视频流,rate / scale = 帧率fps unsigned int start; //对于视频流,设为0即可 unsigned int length; //对于视频流,length即总帧数 unsigned int suggest_buff_size; //读取这个流数据建议使用的缓冲区大小 unsigned int quality; //流数据的质量指标 unsigned int sample_size; //音频采样大小,视频流设为0即可 short left; //这个流在视频主窗口中的显示位置,设为{0,0,width,height}即可 short top; short right; short bottom; }sh2; struct strf2{ char id[4]; //strf int size; short wFormatTag; //波形音频格式类型,格式标记在 Microsoft Corporation 中注册,用于许多压缩算法, short nChannels; //声道数 85= WAVE_FORMAT_PCM int nSamplesPerSec; //采样率,以每秒样本数 (赫) ,常见值为 8.0 kHz、11.025 kHz、22.05 kHz 和 44.1 kHz int nAvgBytesPerSec; //格式标记所需的平均数据传输速率(以字节/秒为单位)=nsam*nblock short nBlockAlign; //阻止对齐(以字节为单位),nBlockAlign 必须等于 nChannels 和 wBitsPerSample 的乘积除以 8 (位/字节) short wBitsPerSample;// 如果 wFormatTag WAVE_FORMAT_PCM,则 wBitsPerSample 应等于 8 或 16 short biSize; //追加到 WAVEFORMATEX 结构末尾的额外格式信息的大小(以字节为单位) }sf2; }sl2; }hd; struct movi{ char id[4]; unsigned int size; char type[4]; }mo; }ri; }head; FILE *f=fopen("/home/wzpc/Videos/2vuy.avi","rb"); if(f==NULL){ puts("file in error"); exit(-1); } fseek(f,0,SEEK_END); int len=ftell(f); fseek(f,0,SEEK_SET); int fd=fileno(f); char *m=mmap(NULL,len,PROT_READ,MAP_SHARED,fd,0); memcpy(&head,&m[0],sizeof(head)); //avih printf("-----------avih--------------\n"); printf("avih_id: %s\n",head.ri.hd.av.id); printf("size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.size); printf("us_per_frame: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.us_per_frame); printf("max_bytes_per_sec: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.max_bytes_per_sec); printf("paddind: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.padding); printf("flags: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.flags); printf("total_frames: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.total_frames); printf("init_frame: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.init_frames); printf("stream: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.streams); printf("suggest_buff_size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.suggest_buff_size); printf("width: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.width); printf("height: %d\n",head.ri.hd.av.height); //strh printf("-----------video strh--------------\n"); printf("strh_id: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.id); printf("size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.size); printf("stream_type: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.stream_type); printf("codes: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.codec); printf("flags: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.flags); printf("priority: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.priority); printf("language: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.language); printf("init_frame: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.init_frames); printf("scale: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.scale); printf("rate: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.rate); printf("start: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.start); printf("length: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.length); printf("suggest_buff_size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.suggest_buff_size); printf("quality: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.quality); printf("sample_size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl1.sh1.sample_size); printf("-----------audio strh--------------\n"); printf("ausio strh_id: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.id); printf("size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.size); printf("stream_type: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.stream_type); printf("codes: %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.codec); printf("flags: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.flags); printf("priority: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.priority); printf("language: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.language); printf("init_frame: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.init_frames); printf("scale: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.scale); printf("rate: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.rate); printf("start: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.start); printf("length: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.length); printf("suggest_buff_size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.suggest_buff_size); printf("quality: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.quality); printf("sample_size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sh2.sample_size); printf("-----------audio strf--------------\n"); printf("audio strf:id %s\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.id); printf("size: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.size); printf("波型格式 : %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.wFormatTag); printf("nChannls: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.nChannels); printf("采样率 : %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.nSamplesPerSec); printf("平均数率: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.nAvgBytesPerSec); printf("nMlockAlign: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.nBlockAlign); printf("采样位宽: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.wBitsPerSample); printf("biSize: %d\n",head.ri.hd.sl2.sf2.biSize); return 0; }
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