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SpringBoot整合SpringSecurity认证与授权

作者:全栈小白.

在项目开发中,权限认证是很重要的,尤其是一些管理类的系统,对于权限要求更为严格,本文主要介绍了SpringBoot整合SpringSecurity认证与授权,感兴趣的可以了解一下

唠嗑部分

在项目开发中,权限认证是很重要的,尤其是一些管理类的系统,对于权限要求更为严格,那么在Java开发中,常用的权限框架有哪些呢?

推荐的有两种,Shiro 与 SpringSecurity,当然也可以结合切面自己实现

Shiro是Apache开源的一款权限框架,比较轻量级,简单容易学,但是不能在其中注入Spring中的容器Bean

SpringSecurity是Spring生态中的一个组件,比较重量级,它也整合了OAuth2协议,对于Spring框架来说,更推荐SpringSecurity

今天我们就来分享一下如何整合SpringSecurity进行认证与授权,顺便实现一下token的无感知续期

SpringSecurity进行认证与授权是SpringSecurity框架进行处理,我们就不必多说,按照步骤进行编码就OK了

token的无感知续期我们来说一下思路:

1、用户在登录成功后,由服务器下发token,有效期30分钟。

2、客户端拿到token之后,请求其余需要认证的接口时,再请求头携带token访问。

3、服务器编写过滤器,对请求头中的token进行验证,判断用户登录是否有效,于此同时,判断token有效期是否即将过期,如果即将过期,重新颁发token,如果已过期,返回401未认证状态码。

上面说到判断token有效期是否即将过期,说明一下哈

oauth2中是颁发了两个token,一个access_token(访问token),一个refresh_token(刷新token),刷新token的有效期是访问token的2倍,如果访问token过期,就拿刷新token重新申请访问token

我们只有一个token,逻辑是判断token的有效期,如果有效期小于15分钟,就刷新token,这样的话既可以实现toekn的无感知刷新

实际的token是比较长的一段字符串,标准的jwt token包括头部、载荷、签名,格式如下

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiIxIiwiaWQiOiIxIiwiYXV0aGVudGljYXRpb25zIjpbImFkbWluIl0sInVzZXJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4iLCJpYXQiOjE2ODg2MjI3MjMsImV4cCI6MTY4ODYyNDUyM30.xPRul6ePE1bwSe70rbo0-jPFUxU9O9MPQf9gliZ18X8

接口设计说明:

1、用户认证处理器

接口地址:/auth/login

请求方式:POST

请求头:content-type: application/json;charset=utf-8

接口功能说明:进行用户认证,颁发token,实际的token比较长,我们是生成了一个字符串充当token,实际token存在于redis中

接口参数:

{<!--{cke_protected}{C}%3C!%2D%2D%20%2D%2D%3E-->"password": "","username": ""}

出参说明:

tokenInfo:token信息,包括token的失效时间、token值、用户信息等等

user:用户信息

{
    "code": 200,
    "data": {
        "tokenInfo": {
            "expirationTime": "2023-07-06 12:25:42",
            "token": "3f49e86b93c743f2865a4446a7a85398",
            "user": {
                "authentications": [
                    "ROLE_user"
                ],
                "id": "2",
                "username": "user"
            }
        },
        "user": {
            "roles": [
                "ROLE_user"
            ],
            "userId": "2",
            "userStatus": 1,
            "userType": 0,
            "username": "admin"
        }
    },
    "msg": "登陆成功"
}

2、用户令牌检查处理器

接口地址:/auth/checkToken

请求方式:POST

请求头: X-Access-Token

接口功能说明:token令牌检查

出参说明:

status: 检查结果

token:token信息

{
    "code": 200,
    "data": {
        "status": true,
        "token": {
            "expirationTime": "2023-07-06 12:25:42",
            "token": "3f49e86b93c743f2865a4446a7a85398",
            "user": {
                "authentications": [
                    "ROLE_user"
                ],
                "id": "2",
                "username": "user"
            }
        }
    },
    "msg": "操作成功"
}

3、测试接口

/admin/common/test:只有admin角色才能访问

/common/test:任何角色都可以访问

言归正传

1、相关SQL脚本

create database `springsecurity_case` character set 'utf8mb4';
use `springsecurity_case`;

create table t_user(
    user_id varchar(50) primary key comment '用户id',
    username varchar(50) not null comment '用户名',
    password varchar(100) not null comment '密码',
    role varchar(50) not null comment '角色',
    user_status tinyint(1) default 1 comment '用户状态'
);

insert into t_user values ('1', 'admin', '$2a$10$wmUXgiTZzc3ux3h3UiuxWumeDYbt8uaZmmPw6utx9GyyuGEDSTNJy', 'admin', 1),
                          ('2', 'user', '$2a$10$wmUXgiTZzc3ux3h3UiuxWumeDYbt8uaZmmPw6utx9GyyuGEDSTNJy', 'user', 1);

2、创建项目&导入依赖

<!--  ... 常规化的依赖省略了-->
<!--        redis-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!--        springSecurity-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

3、UserDetailService实现类的编写,认证的主逻辑

/*
 * @Project:springboot-springsecurity-case
 * @Author:cxs
 * @Motto:放下杂念,只为迎接明天更好的自己
 * */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserDetailServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        if (!StringUtils.hasLength(username)) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名岂能为空!");
        }
        QueryWrapper<User> queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
        queryWrapper.eq("username", username);
        User user = userMapper.selectOne(queryWrapper);

        if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(user)) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在");
        }

        if (user.getUserStatus().equals(2)) {
            throw new LockedException("账户已被锁定,认证失败");
        }

        GrantedAuthority grantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + user.getRole());
        Collection<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList<>();
        grantedAuthorities.add(grantedAuthority);
        return new AuthUser(user.getUserId(), username, user.getPassword(), grantedAuthorities);
    }
}

4、Token过滤器的编写

/*
 * @Project:springboot-springsecurity-case
 * @Author:cxs
 * @Motto:放下杂念,只为迎接明天更好的自己
 * */
@Component
public class TokenVerificationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    @Autowired
    private JwtUtil jwtUtil;

    @Autowired
    private CommonConfig commonConfig;

    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                    FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 获取url,如果在核心配置文件中配置了白名单,则跳过验证
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        if (ignore(requestURI)) {
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        // 获取X-Access-Token
        String header = request.getHeader(CommonContent.TOKEN);
        if (!StringUtils.hasLength(header)) {
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        Token token = null;
        List<String> strings = null;
        try {
            // 根据X-Access-Token去redis查询真实token
            String tokenStr = redisUtil.getString(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, header.trim()));
            if (!StringUtils.hasLength(tokenStr)) {
                response(response, BaseResult.error().setCode(ResponseStateConstant.NO_LOGIN).setMsg("用户认证信息已过期"));
                return;
            }
            if (jwtUtil.validTokenIssued(tokenStr)) {
                response(response, BaseResult.error().setCode(ResponseStateConstant.NO_LOGIN).setMsg("用户认证信息已过期"));
                return;
            }
            // 校验信息是否正确,省略
            token = jwtUtil.parseToken(tokenStr);
            strings = token.getUser().getAuthentications();
            Authentication context = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                    token.getUser().getUsername(),
                    token.getUser().getUsername(),
                    AuthorityUtils.createAuthorityList(strings.toArray(new String[0]))
            );
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(context);
            Long expire = redisUtil.getExpire(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, header));
            // 有效期小于15分钟,续时
            if (expire <= 900L) {
                redisUtil.set(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, header), jwtUtil.generateToken(token.getUser()), commonConfig.getValidityTime(), TimeUnit.MINUTES);
            }
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (e instanceof SignatureException) {
                BaseResult error = BaseResult.error();
                error.setMsg(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED.getMsg());
                error.setCode(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED.getCode());
                response(response, error);
            } else if (e instanceof ExpiredJwtException) {
                response.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
                BaseResult error = BaseResult.error();
                error.setMsg(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED_BE_OVERDUE.getMsg());
                error.setCode(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED_BE_OVERDUE.getCode());
                response(response, error);
            } else if (e instanceof JwtException) {
                BaseResult error = BaseResult.error();
                error.setMsg(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED.getMsg());
                error.setCode(CurrencyErrorEnum.UNAUTHORIZED.getCode());
                response(response, error);
            } else {
                throw e;
            }
        }
    }
    // ...
}

5、Security核心配置文件编写

/*
 * @Project:springboot-springsecurity-case
 * @Author:cxs
 * @Motto:放下杂念,只为迎接明天更好的自己
 * */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    /*
    创建加密编码器
     */
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Autowired
    private TokenVerificationFilter tokenVerificationFilter;

    @Autowired
    private AccessForbiddenHandler forbiddenHandler;

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationHandler authenticationHandler;

    @Autowired
    private CommonConfig commonConfig;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // 请求授权管理
        http.authorizeRequests()
                // 其他的请求都需要授权
                .antMatchers(commonConfig.getIgnoreUrl()).permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/common/**").hasAnyRole("admin", "user")
                .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin")
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .exceptionHandling()
                .accessDeniedHandler(forbiddenHandler)
                .authenticationEntryPoint(authenticationHandler)
                .and()
                .csrf().disable()
                // 整合token校验过滤器
                .addFilterBefore(tokenVerificationFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                // 禁用springsecurity的本地存储,做无状态登录
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }

    /**
     * 注入认证管理器
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManager();
    }
}

6、登录认证逻辑

这一块有两个逻辑

1、首先如果用户带着X-Access-Token进行登录,首先判断是否有效,如果有效的话,直接将之前的token回传给用户

2、如果失效、或者用户未带X-Access-Token,进行登录逻辑

public void login(UserLoginDTO dto, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, BaseResult result) {
    // 判断用户是否携带X-Access-Token
    String accessTokenKey = request.getHeader(CommonContent.TOKEN);
    if (StringUtils.hasLength(accessTokenKey)) {
        String tokenStr = redisUtil.getString(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, accessTokenKey.trim()));
        Token token = null;
        try {
            token = jwtUtil.parseToken(tokenStr);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.info("用户登录:用户已有token校验失败");
        }
        // 进行token验证
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
            String generateToken = jwtUtil.generateToken(token.getUser());
            redisUtil.set(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, accessTokenKey), generateToken, commonConfig.getValidityTime(), TimeUnit.MINUTES);
            Token parseToken = jwtUtil.parseToken(generateToken);
            if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(parseToken)) parseToken.setToken(accessTokenKey);
            UserLoginVO vo = new UserLoginVO();
            vo.setTokenInfo(parseToken);
            UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
            User userInfo = userMapper.selectById(parseToken.getUser().getId());
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(userInfo, userVO);
            userVO.setRoles(parseToken.getUser().getAuthentications());
            vo.setUser(userVO);
            result.setCode(ResponseStateConstant.OPERA_SUCCESS).setData(vo).setMsg("登陆成功");
            return;
        }
    }
    // 如果失效,或者未带X-Access-Token,进行登录逻辑
    String password = dto.getPassword().trim();
    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(dto.getUsername().trim(), password);
    Authentication authenticate = null;
    try {
        authenticate = authenticationManager.authenticate(token);
    } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        result.setCode(ResponseStateConstant.OPERA_FAIL).setMsg(e.getMessage());
    }
    if (authenticate != null) {
        UserLoginVO vo = new UserLoginVO();
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticate);
        Object principal = authenticate.getPrincipal();
        AuthUser user = (AuthUser) principal;
        List<String> auths = CollectionUtils.isEmpty(user.getAuthorities()) ? new ArrayList<>(0) :
        user.getAuthorities().stream().map(a -> a.getAuthority()).collect(Collectors.toList());
        // 用户登陆成功,生成token
        String tokenStr = IdUtil.simpleUUID();
        String generateToken = jwtUtil.generateToken(UserSubject.builder()
                                                     .id(user.getId())
                                                     .username(user.getUsername())
                                                     .authentications(auths).build());
        redisUtil.set(redisUtil.getCacheKey(CachePrefixContent.TOKEN_PREFIX, tokenStr), generateToken, commonConfig.getValidityTime(), TimeUnit.MINUTES);
        Token parseToken = jwtUtil.parseToken(generateToken);
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(parseToken)) parseToken.setToken(tokenStr);
        vo.setTokenInfo(parseToken);
        UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
        User userInfo = userMapper.selectById(user.getId());
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(userInfo, userVO);
        userVO.setRoles(auths);
        vo.setUser(userVO);
        result.setCode(ResponseStateConstant.OPERA_SUCCESS).setData(vo).setMsg("登陆成功");
    }
}

7、测试

使用user角色登录

image-20230706142601489

使用token分别访问测试接口

image-20230706143252046

使用admin角色登录

image-20230706143329522

使用token分别访问测试接口

image-20230706143457124

token令牌检查接口测试

image-20230706143545026

查看真实token,在redis存储

image-20230706144019683

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