RabbitMQ实现延时消息的两种方法实战教程

package com.lank.demo.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {
    //死信交换机，队列，路由相关配置
    public static final String DLK_EXCHANGE = "dlk.exchange";
    public static final String DLK_ROUTEKEY = "dlk.routeKey";
    public static final String DLK_QUEUE = "dlk.queue";
    //业务交换机，队列，路由相关配置
    public static final String DEMO_EXCHANGE = "demo.exchange";
    public static final String DEMO_QUEUE = "demo.queue";
    public static final String DEMO_ROUTEKEY = "demo.routeKey";
    //延时插件DelayedMessagePlugin的交换机，队列，路由相关配置
    public static final String DMP_EXCHANGE = "dmp.exchange";
    public static final String DMP_ROUTEKEY = "dmp.routeKey";
    public static final String DMP_QUEUE = "dmp.queue";
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange demoExchange(){
        return new DirectExchange(DEMO_EXCHANGE,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue demoQueue(){
        //只需要在声明业务队列时添加x-dead-letter-exchange，值为死信交换机
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put("x-dead-letter-exchange",DLK_EXCHANGE);
        //该参数x-dead-letter-routing-key可以修改该死信的路由key，不设置则使用原消息的路由key
        map.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",DLK_ROUTEKEY);
        return new Queue(DEMO_QUEUE,true,false,false,map);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding demoBind(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(demoQueue()).to(demoExchange()).with(DEMO_ROUTEKEY);
    }
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange dlkExchange(){
        return new DirectExchange(DLK_EXCHANGE,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue dlkQueue(){
        return new Queue(DLK_QUEUE,true,false,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding dlkBind(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(dlkQueue()).to(dlkExchange()).with(DLK_ROUTEKEY);
    }
    //延迟插件使用
    //1、声明一个类型为x-delayed-message的交换机
    //2、参数添加一个x-delayed-type值为交换机的类型用于路由key的映射
    @Bean
    public CustomExchange dmpExchange(){
        Map<String, Object> arguments = new HashMap<>(1);
        arguments.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
        return new CustomExchange(DMP_EXCHANGE,"x-delayed-message",true,false,arguments);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue dmpQueue(){
        return new Queue(DMP_QUEUE,true,false,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding dmpBind(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(dmpQueue()).to(dmpExchange()).with(DMP_ROUTEKEY).noargs();
    }
}

package com.lank.demo.rabbitmq;
import com.lank.demo.config.RabbitmqConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 1. @author lank
 2. @since 2020/12/14 10:33
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MessageSender {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    //使用死信队列发送消息方法封装
    public void send(String message,Integer time){
        String ttl = String.valueOf(time*1000);
        //exchange和routingKey都为业务的就可以，只需要设置消息的过期时间
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqConfig.DEMO_EXCHANGE, RabbitmqConfig.DEMO_ROUTEKEY,message, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                //设置消息的过期时间，是以毫秒为单位的
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(ttl);
                return message;
            }
        });
        log.info("使用死信队列消息:{}发送成功,过期时间:{}秒。",message,time);
    }
    //使用延迟插件发送消息方法封装
    public void send2(String message,Integer time){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqConfig.DMP_EXCHANGE, RabbitmqConfig.DMP_ROUTEKEY,message, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
            //使用延迟插件只需要在消息的header中添加x-delay属性，值为过期时间，单位毫秒
                message.getMessageProperties().setHeader("x-delay",time*1000);
                return message;
            }
        });
        log.info("使用延迟插件发送消息:{}发送成功,过期时间:{}秒。",message,time);
    }
}

package com.lank.demo.rabbitmq;
import com.lank.demo.config.RabbitmqConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MessageReceiver {
    @RabbitHandler
    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqConfig.DLK_QUEUE)
    public void onMessage(Message message){
        log.info("使用死信队列，收到消息:{}",new String(message.getBody()));
    }
    @RabbitHandler
    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqConfig.DMP_QUEUE)
    public void onMessage2(Message message){
        log.info("使用延迟插件，收到消息:{}",new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}

package com.lank.demo.controller;
import com.lank.demo.rabbitmq.MessageSender;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class MessageController {
    @Autowired
    public MessageSender messageSender;
    //死信队列controller
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public String send(@RequestParam String msg,Integer time){
        messageSender.send(msg,time);
        return "ok";
    }
    //延迟插件controller
    @GetMapping("/send2")
    public String sendByPlugin(@RequestParam String msg,Integer time){
        messageSender.send2(msg,time);
        return "ok";
    }
}

server.port=4399
#virtual-host使用默认的/就好，如果需要/demo需自己在控制台添加
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/demo
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

2020-12-16 22:47:28.071  INFO 13304 --- [nio-4399-exec-1] c.l.rabbitmqdlk.rabbitmq.MessageSender   : 使用死信队列消息:hello发送成功,过期时间:5秒。
2020-12-16 22:47:33.145  INFO 13304 --- [ntContainer#0-1] c.l.r.rabbitmq.MessageReceiver           : 使用死信队列，收到消息:hello