Json字符串内容比较超实用教程
作者：mossGao
这篇文章主要介绍了Json字符串内容比较-超实用版,本文通过实例代码给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下
背景
之前有类似接口diff对比，数据对比的测试需求，涉及到json格式的数据对比，调研了几个大神们分享的代码，选了一个最符合自己需求的研究了下。
说明
这个对比方法，支持JsonObject和JsonArray类型的数据对比，支持：
- 深度的对比：list变化（个数、内容）、层级结构变化
- 字段的对比：新增、修改、删除数据可察觉，能找到对应的旧数据
- 支持特定字段忽略对比
输出的对比结果格式为：
源码分为JsonCompareUtils， JsonAndMapSortUtils两个类，对比入口是compareTwoJson方法
核心逻辑在JsonCompareUtils类中，JsonAndMapSortUtils主要做过程中的数据排序功能，相对独立。
上源码：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class JsonCompareUtils {
//标志位：对json报文中含有JsonArray类型的数据是否进行排序
private static boolean isSort;
private Map<String, Object> oldJsonToMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
private Map<String, Object> newJsonToMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//每一个实体里的排序字段
private static Map<String, String> filedNameMap = new HashMap<>();
static {
filedNameMap.put("ojb1", "id");
filedNameMap.put("ojb2", "id");
}
//可以跳过比对的字段
private static String[] skipCompareFiledNameMap = {"createTime"};
/**
* 两json报文比对入口
*
* @param oldJsonStr
* @param newJsonStr
* @return
*/
public String compare2Json(String oldJsonStr, String newJsonStr) {
/**
* 递归遍历json对象所有的key-value，以map形式的path:value进行存储
* 然后对两个map进行比较
*/
convertJsonToMap(JSON.parseObject(oldJsonStr), "", false);
convertJsonToMap(JSON.parseObject(newJsonStr), "", true);
//获取比较结果
Map<String, Object> differenceMap = compareTwoMaps(oldJsonToMap, newJsonToMap);
String diffJsonResult = convertMapToJson(differenceMap);
return diffJsonResult;
}
/**
* 将json数据转换为map存储--用于后续比较map
*
* @param json
* @param root
* @param isNew 区别新旧报文
*/
private void convertJsonToMap(Object json, String root, boolean isNew) {
if (json instanceof JSONObject) {
JSONObject jsonObject = ((JSONObject) json);
Iterator iterator = jsonObject.keySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Object key = iterator.next();
Object value = jsonObject.get(key);
String newRoot = "".equals(root) ? key + "" : root + "." + key;
fillInResultMap(value, newRoot, isNew);
}
} else if (json instanceof JSONArray) {
JSONArray jsonArray = (JSONArray) json;
//将jsonArray进行排序
if (isSort) {
//需要排序
String sortEntityName = root.substring(root.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
//需要排序 获取排序字段
String sortFiledName = filedNameMap.get(sortEntityName);
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(sortFiledName)) {
jsonArray = JsonAndMapSortUtils.jsonArrayToSort(jsonArray, sortFiledName, true);
}
}
final JSONArray jsonArray1 = jsonArray;
Stream.iterate(0, integer -> integer + 1).limit(jsonArray1.size()).forEach(index -> {
Object value = jsonArray1.get(index);
String newRoot = "".equals(root) ? "[" + index + "]" : root + ".[" + index + "]";
fillInResultMap(value, newRoot, isNew);
});
}
}
/**
* 封装json转map后的数据
*
* @param value
* @param newRoot
* @param isNew 区别新旧json
*/
public void fillInResultMap(Object value, String newRoot, boolean isNew) {
if (value instanceof JSONObject || value instanceof JSONArray) {
convertJsonToMap(value, newRoot, isNew);
} else {
//设置跳过比对的字段，直接不装入map
boolean check = ArrayUtils.contains(JsonCompareUtils.skipCompareFiledNameMap, newRoot);
if (!check){
if (!isNew) {
oldJsonToMap.put(newRoot, value);
} else {
newJsonToMap.put(newRoot, value);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 比较两个map，将不同的数据以map形式存储并返回
*
* @param oldJsonMap
* @param newJsonMap
* @return
*/
private Map<String, Object> compareTwoMaps(Map<String, Object> oldJsonMap, Map<String, Object> newJsonMap) {
//1.将newJsonMap的不同数据装进oldJsonMap，同时删除oldJsonMap中与newJsonMap相同的数据
newJsonMap.forEach((k, v) -> {
Map<String, Object> differenceMap = new HashMap<>();
if (oldJsonMap.containsKey(k)) {
Object oldValue = oldJsonMap.get(k);
if (v.equals(oldValue)) {
oldJsonMap.remove(k);
} else {
differenceMap.put("oldValue", oldValue);
differenceMap.put("newValue", v);
oldJsonMap.put(k, differenceMap);
}
} else {
differenceMap.put("oldValue", "no exists " + k);
differenceMap.put("newValue", v);
oldJsonMap.put(k, differenceMap);
}
});
//2.统一oldJsonMap中newMap不存在的数据的数据结构，便于解析
oldJsonMap.forEach((k, v) -> {
if (!(v instanceof Map)) {
Map<String, Object> differenceMap = new HashMap<>();
differenceMap.put("oldValue", v);
differenceMap.put("newValue", "no exists " + k);
oldJsonMap.put(k, differenceMap);
}
});
return oldJsonMap;
}
/**
* 将已经找出不同数据的map根据key的层级结构封装成json返回
*
* @param map
* @return
*/
private String convertMapToJson(Map<String, Object> map) {
JSONObject resultJSONObject = new JSONObject();
for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Object>> it = map.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
Map.Entry<String, Object> item = it.next();
String key = item.getKey();
Object value = item.getValue();
String[] paths = key.split("\\.");
int i = 0;
//用於深度標識對象
Object remarkObject = null;
int indexAll = paths.length - 1;
while (i <= paths.length - 1) {
String path = paths[i];
if (i == 0) {
//初始化对象标识
if (resultJSONObject.containsKey(path)) {
remarkObject = resultJSONObject.get(path);
} else {
if (indexAll > i) {
if (paths[i + 1].matches("\\[[0-9]+\\]")) {
remarkObject = new JSONArray();
} else {
remarkObject = new JSONObject();
}
resultJSONObject.put(path, remarkObject);
} else {
resultJSONObject.put(path, value);
}
}
i++;
continue;
}
//匹配集合对象
if (path.matches("\\[[0-9]+\\]")) {
int startIndex = path.lastIndexOf("[");
int endIndext = path.lastIndexOf("]");
int index = Integer.parseInt(path.substring(startIndex + 1, endIndext));
if (indexAll > i) {
if (paths[i + 1].matches("\\[[0-9]+\\]")) {
while (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() <= index) {
if (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() == index) {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(index, new JSONArray());
} else {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(null);
}
}
} else {
while (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() <= index) {
if (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() == index) {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(index, new JSONObject());
} else {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(null);
}
}
}
remarkObject = ((JSONArray) remarkObject).get(index);
} else {
while (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() <= index) {
if (((JSONArray) remarkObject).size() == index) {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(index, value);
} else {
((JSONArray) remarkObject).add(null);
}
}
}
} else {
if (indexAll > i) {
if (paths[i + 1].matches("\\[[0-9]+\\]")) {
if (!((JSONObject) remarkObject).containsKey(path)) {
((JSONObject) remarkObject).put(path, new JSONArray());
}
} else {
if (!((JSONObject) remarkObject).containsKey(path)) {
((JSONObject) remarkObject).put(path, new JSONObject());
}
}
remarkObject = ((JSONObject) remarkObject).get(path);
} else {
((JSONObject) remarkObject).put(path, value);
}
}
i++;
}
}
return JSON.toJSONString(resultJSONObject);
}
public boolean isSort() {
return isSort;
}
public void setSort(boolean sort) {
isSort = sort;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String oldStr = "{\"abilityLevel\":\"2020101240000000000002\",\"activityId\":\"202208301413310000412\",\"addLibTime\":1662083360000,\"ansKnowModelIds\":\"1#201812051814150000475\",\"answer\":\"AB\",\"ascriptionItemLib\":\"0\",\"attributeList\":[{\"content\":\"<p>A</p>\",\"id\":\"202209020949170005783\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"knowModelRelId\":\"201812051814150000475\",\"name\":\"A\",\"sort\":1,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">B</p>\",\"id\":\"202209020949170005784\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"B\",\"sort\":2,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">C</p>\",\"id\":\"202209020949170005785\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"C\",\"sort\":3,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">D</p>\",\"id\":\"202209020949170005786\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"D\",\"sort\":4,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662083368000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:28\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209020949170005787\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"大纲依据\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":1,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100041\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662083370000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:30\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209020949280005788\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"教材依据\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":2,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100042\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662083371000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:31\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209020949290005789\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"关键字\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":3,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100043\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"}],\"auditCount\":0,\"auditStatus\":0,\"childItemList\":[],\"createTime\":1662083350000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:10\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"delFlag\":\"0\",\"difficult\":\"3\",\"id\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"isComposite\":0,\"isTopVersion\":0,\"itemCode\":\"KJCJ202209020949140001501\",\"itemContent\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">2.<span style=\\\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: #FFFFFF;\\\">按照并购双方行业相关性划分，判断并购类型（横向并购or混合并购）</span></p>\",\"itemKnowledgeList\":[{\"id\":\"202209020949300001537\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"knowledgeId\":\"1240004\",\"knowledgeStr\":\"2020年经济法基础/第一章总论/第一节法律基础/一、法和法律/（一）法和法律的概念\",\"level\":\"1\",\"pid\":\"202209020946580001519\"}],\"itemLevel\":1,\"itemSource\":\"202208301413310000412\",\"itemTypeId\":\"4\",\"itemVersion\":\"1\",\"keyWord\":\"\",\"knowledgeId\":\"1240004\",\"knowledgeStr\":\"2020年经济法基础/第一章总论/第一节法律基础/一、法和法律/（一）法和法律的概念\",\"knowledgeSyllabusName\":\"2020年经济法基础\",\"lockStatus\":1,\"modifyChlidItems\":[],\"paperCount\":0,\"paperItemRelation\":{},\"paperStructure\":{},\"parentId\":\"202209020946580001519\",\"processedItemContent\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">2.<span style=\\\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: #FFFFFF;\\\">按照并购双方行业相关性划分，判断并购类型（横向并购or混合并购）</span></p>\",\"score\":2,\"sort\":2,\"sourceType\":\"2\",\"structId\":\"\",\"subItemTypeId\":\"20180228155501000004\",\"subjectId\":\"4\",\"updateTime\":1662083350000,\"updateTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:10\",\"updater\":\"10001\"}";
String newStr = "{\"abilityLevel\":\"2020101240000000000002\",\"activityId\":\"202208301413310000412\",\"addLibTime\":1662083360000,\"analysis\":\"\",\"ansKnowModelIds\":\"1#201812051814150000475\",\"answer\":\"AB\",\"ascriptionItemLib\":\"0\",\"attributeList\":[{\"content\":\"<p>A</p>\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005855\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"knowModelRelId\":\"201812051814150000475\",\"name\":\"A\",\"sort\":1,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">B</p>\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005856\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"B\",\"sort\":2,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">C</p>\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005857\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"C\",\"sort\":3,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">D</p>\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005858\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"D\",\"sort\":4,\"type\":\"option\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662089721000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 11:35:21\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005859\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"大纲依据\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":1,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100041\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662089721000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 11:35:21\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005860\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"教材依据\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":2,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100042\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"},{\"content\":\"11\",\"createTime\":1662089722000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 11:35:22\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"id\":\"202209021135210005861\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"name\":\"关键字\",\"searchFlag\":\"1\",\"sort\":3,\"subItemTypeAttrId\":\"100043\",\"type\":\"expandAttr\"}],\"auditCount\":0,\"auditStatus\":0,\"childItemList\":[],\"createTime\":1662083350000,\"createTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 09:49:10\",\"creater\":\"10001\",\"delFlag\":\"0\",\"difficult\":\"5\",\"id\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"isComposite\":0,\"isTopVersion\":0,\"itemCode\":\"KJCJ202209020949140001501\",\"itemContent\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">2.<span style=\\\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: #FFFFFF;\\\">按照并购双方行业相关性划分，判断并购类型（横向并购or混合并购）</span></p>\",\"itemKnowledgeList\":[{\"id\":\"202209021135230001557\",\"itemId\":\"202209020949150001521\",\"knowledgeId\":\"1240004\",\"knowledgeStr\":\"2020年经济法基础/第一章总论/第一节法律基础/一、法和法律/（一）法和法律的概念\",\"level\":\"1\",\"pid\":\"202209020946580001519\"}],\"itemLevel\":1,\"itemSource\":\"202208301413310000412\",\"itemTypeId\":\"4\",\"itemVersion\":\"2\",\"keyWord\":\"\",\"knowledgeId\":\"1240004\",\"knowledgeStr\":\"2020年经济法基础/第一章总论/第一节法律基础/一、法和法律/（一）法和法律的概念\",\"knowledgeSyllabusName\":\"2020年经济法基础\",\"lockStatus\":1,\"modifyChlidItems\":[],\"paperCount\":0,\"paperItemRelation\":{},\"paperStructure\":{},\"parentId\":\"202209020946580001519\",\"processedItemContent\":\"<p style=\\\"font-family:'Times New Roman','宋体';font-size:12pt;padding:0;margin:0;\\\">2.<span style=\\\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: #FFFFFF;\\\">按照并购双方行业相关性划分，判断并购类型（横向并购or混合并购）</span></p>\",\"score\":2,\"sort\":2,\"sourceType\":\"2\",\"structId\":\"\",\"subItemTypeId\":\"20180228155501000004\",\"subjectId\":\"4\",\"updateTime\":1662089720000,\"updateTimeString\":\"2022-09-02 11:35:20\",\"updater\":\"10001\"}";
System.out.println(new JsonCompareUtils().compare2Json(oldStr, newStr));
System.out.println("\n========测试复杂json的比对============");
}
}JsonAndMapSortUtils 用于jsonArray排序
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import sun.misc.ASCIICaseInsensitiveComparator;
import java.util.*;
public class JsonAndMapSortUtils {
/**
* map排序
* @param map
* @param keySort
* @param <k>
* @param <v>
* @return
*/
public static <k,v> List mapByKeyToSort(Map<k,v> map , final Comparator keySort){
List<Map.Entry<k,v>> entryList = new ArrayList<>(map.entrySet());
Collections.sort(entryList, (o1, o2) -> keySort.compare(o1.getKey(),o2.getKey()));
System.out.println("排序=====");
entryList.forEach(m->{
System.out.println(m.getKey()+"===>"+m.getValue());
});
return entryList;
}
/**
* JSONArray排序
* @param jsonArray
* @param fildName
* @param isAsc
* @return
*/
public static JSONArray jsonArrayToSort(JSONArray jsonArray,final String fildName,final boolean isAsc){
JSONArray afterSortJsonArray = new JSONArray();
List<JSONObject> objectList = new ArrayList<>();
jsonArray.forEach(obj ->{
objectList.add((JSONObject)obj);
});
Collections.sort(objectList, (o1, o2) -> {
String fildValueA = o1.getString(fildName);
String fildValueB = o2.getString(fildName);
if (isAsc){
return fildValueA.compareTo(fildValueB);
}
return fildValueB.compareTo(fildValueA);
});
objectList.forEach(obj->{
afterSortJsonArray.add(obj);
});
return afterSortJsonArray;
}
/**
*准备map测试数据
*/
public static Map<String,String> getMapData(){
LinkedHashMap<String,String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
map.put("key1","测试1");
map.put("key3","测试3");
map.put("key5","测试5");
map.put("key2","测试2");
map.put("key4","测试4");
return map;
}
/**
*准备json测试数据
*/
public static JSONArray getJsonArrayData(){
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject();
jsonObject1.put("userId","1001");
jsonObject1.put("name","测试1");
jsonArray.add(jsonObject1);
JSONObject jsonObject3 = new JSONObject();
jsonObject3.put("userId","1003");
jsonObject3.put("name","测试3");
jsonArray.add(jsonObject3);
JSONObject jsonObject2 = new JSONObject();
jsonObject2.put("userId","1002");
jsonObject2.put("name","测试2");
jsonArray.add(jsonObject2);
return jsonArray;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String,String> map = JsonAndMapSortUtils.getMapData();
JSONArray jsonArray = JsonAndMapSortUtils.getJsonArrayData();
List afterSortMap = JsonAndMapSortUtils.mapByKeyToSort(map,new ASCIICaseInsensitiveComparator());
JSONArray afterSortJsonArray_isAsc = JsonAndMapSortUtils.jsonArrayToSort(jsonArray,"userId",true);
JSONArray afterSortJsonArray_noAsc = JsonAndMapSortUtils.jsonArrayToSort(jsonArray,"userId",false);
System.out.println("map排序前："+map);
System.out.println("map排序后："+afterSortMap+"\n");
System.out.println("JsonArray排序前："+jsonArray);
System.out.println("JsonArray排序后==》升序："+afterSortJsonArray_isAsc);
System.out.println("JsonArray排序后==》降序："+afterSortJsonArray_noAsc);
}
}源码走读
整个源码调用链路如下图，简单来说过程就是：object拆分解析-新旧数据逐个对比-结果信息组装三个步骤
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