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Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封装请求工具实例详解

2023-08-30 14:19:46 作者：洛祁枫

OkHttp作为一款成熟、稳定、易用的HTTP客户端库,拥有较高的性能和多样化的功能,已被广泛应用于移动应用开发、Web服务端开发等领域,这篇文章主要介绍了Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封装请求工具,需要的朋友可以参考下

一、为什么要使用okHttp

OkHttp是一个高效、灵活、易于使用的HTTP客户端库，优势如下：

性能更高：OkHttp在网络请求处理上采用了异步模型，并将连接池、压缩、网络协议等多种技术应用到其中，从而提高了网络请求的效率和处理速度。
功能更强大：OkHttp支持HTTP/2协议，可以进行数据流复用以及服务器推送。同时，OkHttp还支持GZIP压缩、连接超时设置、缓存、重试等功能，提供了非常丰富的API接口，方便开发者进行扩展和个性化定制。
使用更简单：OkHttp具有良好的API设计，可以轻松地实现网络请求的发送和响应处理。其内置了许多预定义的请求类型，如Get, Post, Head, Put, Delete等，使得开发者可以快速地进行开发。
兼容性更好：OkHttp的代码精简，运行效率高，并且兼容Android平台和Java平台，可以在各种场景下进行使用。

OkHttp作为一款成熟、稳定、易用的HTTP客户端库，拥有较高的性能和多样化的功能，已被广泛应用于移动应用开发、Web服务端开发等领域。

二、导入依赖

<!-- okhttp3 依赖 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
	<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
	<version>4.9.3</version>
</dependency>

三、配置

使用okhttp3 是很简单的，但是需要配置连接池，缓存代理等
项目配置，application.yml 文件配置

ok:
  http:
    connect-timeout: 60
    read-timeout: 60
    write-timeout: 60
    # 连接池中整体的空闲连接的最大数量
    max-idle-connections: 200
    # 连接空闲时间最多为 300 秒
    keep-alive-duration: 300

3.添加配置应用，连接池，缓存，代理等开启

import okhttp3.ConnectionPool;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@Configuration
public class OkHttpConfiguration {
    @Value("${ok.http.connect-timeout}")
    private Integer connectTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.read-timeout}")
    private Integer readTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.write-timeout}")
    private Integer writeTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.max-idle-connections}")
    private Integer maxIdleConnections;
    @Value("${ok.http.keep-alive-duration}")
    private Long keepAliveDuration;
    @Bean
    public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
        return new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory(), x509TrustManager())
                // 是否开启缓存
                .retryOnConnectionFailure(false)
                .connectionPool(pool())
                .connectTimeout(connectTimeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .readTimeout(readTimeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .writeTimeout(writeTimeout,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .hostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true)
                // 设置代理
                // .proxy(new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8888)))
                // 拦截器
                // .addInterceptor()
                .build();
    }
    @Bean
    public X509TrustManager x509TrustManager() {
        return new X509TrustManager() {
            @Override
            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                    throws CertificateException {
            }
            @Override
            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                    throws CertificateException {
            }
            @Override
            public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                return new X509Certificate[0];
            }
        };
    }
    @Bean
    public SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory() {
        try {
            // 信任任何链接
            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{x509TrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
            return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyManagementException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
    @Bean
    public ConnectionPool pool() {
        return new ConnectionPool(maxIdleConnections, keepAliveDuration, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}

4.配置创建工具类

package cn.wjj.wjjUtils.util;
import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import okhttp3.*;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class OkHttpClientUtil {
    private static final MediaType JSON = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
    private static final MediaType XML = MediaType.parse("application/xml; charset=utf-8");
    private static OkHttpClient okHttpClient;
    // 为使用静态调用异步注入
    @Autowired
    private OkHttpClient getOkHttpClient;
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        okHttpClient = getOkHttpClient;
    }
    /**
     * get 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null, null);
    }
    public static byte[] doGetByte(String url) {
        return doGetByte(url, null, null);
    }
    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null, null);
    }
    /**
     * get 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param params 请求参数 map
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGetToParams(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        return doGet(url, params, null);
    }
    /**
     * get 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param headers 请求头字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGetToHeaders(String url, Map<String, String> headers) {
        return doGet(url, null, headers);
    }
    /**
     * get 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param params 请求参数 map
     * @param headers 请求头字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url);
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            boolean firstFlag = true;
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (firstFlag) {
                    sb.append("?").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                    firstFlag = false;
                } else {
                    sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                }
            }
        }
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(sb.toString()).build();
        log.info("do get request and url[{}]", sb.toString());
        return executeBody(request);
    }
    public static byte[] doGetByte(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url);
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            boolean firstFlag = true;
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (firstFlag) {
                    sb.append("?").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                    firstFlag = false;
                } else {
                    sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                }
            }
        }
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(sb.toString()).build();
        log.info("do get request and url[{}]", sb.toString());
        return executeByte(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param params 请求参数 map
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                builder.add(key, params.get(key));
            }
        }
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(builder.build()).build();
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 请求
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param params 请求参数 map
     * @param headers 请求头字段 {k1:v1, k2: v2, ...}
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                builder.add(key, params.get(key));
            }
        }
        Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                requestBuilder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = requestBuilder.url(url).post(builder.build()).build();
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 请求, 请求数据为 json 的字符串
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param json  请求数据, json 字符串
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return executePost(url, json, JSON);
    }
    /**
     * post 请求, 请求数据为 json 的字符串
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param json  请求数据, json 字符串
     * @param headers 请求头字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json, Map<String, String> headers) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(json, JSON);
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(url).post(requestBody).build();
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 请求, 请求数据为 xml 的字符串
     * @param url  请求url地址
     * @param xml  请求数据, xml 字符串
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostXml(String url, String xml) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return executePost(url, xml, XML);
    }
    private static String executePost(String url, String data, MediaType contentType) {
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(data ,contentType);
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(requestBody).build();
        return execute(request);
    }
    private static String execute(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                return response.body().string();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
    private static String executeBody(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.body() != null) {
                return response.body().string();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
    private static byte[] executeByte(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                return response.body().bytes();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

四、测试

/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("test")
public class testController {
    @GetMapping("testOkhttp")
    public String testOkhttp(){
        String s = OkHttpClientUtil.doGet("https://www.baidu.com");
        return s;
    }
}

响应结果：

在这里插入图片描述

至此已经完成基本的Spring Boot整合 okhttp3 的示例。并使用okhttp3来发送HTTP请求，然后返回HTTP响应。

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Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封装请求工具实例 详解

一、 为什么要使用okHttp

二、 导入依赖

三、 配置

四、 测试

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Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封装请求工具实例详解

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