SpringBoot3集成Quartz的示例代码
作者:知了一笑
一、简介
Quartz由Java编写的功能丰富的开源作业调度框架,可以集成到几乎任何Java应用程序中,并且能够创建多个作业调度;
在实际的业务中,有很多场景依赖定时任务,比如常见的:订单超时处理,数据报表统计分析,会员等周期性管理,业务识别和预警通知等;
二、工程搭建
1、工程结构
2、依赖管理
在 starter-quartz
组件中,实际依赖的是 quartz
组件 2.3.2
版本,使用Quartz框架时,需要自定义任务和执行逻辑,以更加灵活的方式管理业务调度;
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </dependency>
3、数据库
Quartz框架使用的表结构在如图的路径下,本文选择MySQL数据库存储,除此之外自定义两张表: quartz_job
任务表和 quartz_log
任务执行日志表;
4、配置文件
在配置文件中使用Druid组件连接 boot-quartz
数据库,对于Quartz框架,主要配置数据库存储,调度器的基础信息,以及执行任务的线程池;
spring: # 定时器配置 quartz: # 使用数据库存储 job-store-type: jdbc # 初始化完成后自动启动调度程序 autoStartup: true properties: org: quartz: # 调度器配置 scheduler: instanceName: bootQuartzScheduler instanceId: AUTO # 存储配置 jobStore: class: org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.LocalDataSourceJobStore driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate tablePrefix: qrtz_ isClustered: true misfireThreshold: 12000 clusterCheckinInterval: 15000 useProperties: false # 线程池配置 threadPool: threadNamePrefix: Boot_Job_Pool threadPriority: 5 threadCount: 10 class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
三、Quartz用法
对于任务管理的相关Web接口,采用Swagger文档组件,接口和实体类添加注解后,访问 IP:Port/swagger-ui/index.html
地址即可;
1、初始化加载
在服务启动时执行 init
初始化方法,查询 quartz_job
表中运行和暂停状态的任务,判断触发器是否存在,如果不存在则创建,如果存在则更新;
@Service public class QuartzJobService { @Resource private QuartzJobMapper quartzJobMapper ; @Resource private QuartzManage quartzManage; @PostConstruct public void init () { LambdaQueryWrapper<QuartzJob> queryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper<>() ; queryWrapper.in(QuartzJob::getState,JobState.JOB_RUN.getStatus(),JobState.JOB_STOP.getStatus()); List<QuartzJob> jobList = quartzJobMapper.selectList(queryWrapper); jobList.forEach(quartzJob -> { CronTrigger cronTrigger = quartzManage.getCronTrigger(quartzJob.getId()) ; if (Objects.isNull(cronTrigger)){ quartzManage.createJob(quartzJob); } else { quartzManage.updateJob(quartzJob); } }); } }
2、新增任务
在创建任务时,需要定义 JobKey
和 TriggerKey
的构建规则,Key需要具备唯一性,通常使用任务表的主键ID,任务一般是基于Cron表达式被调度执行的;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void createJob (QuartzJob quartzJob){ try { // 构建任务 JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzRecord.class).withIdentity(getJobKey(quartzJob.getId())).build() ; // 构建Cron调度器 CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder .cronSchedule(quartzJob.getCronExpres()) .withMisfireHandlingInstructionDoNothing() ; // 任务触发器 CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .withIdentity(getTriggerKey(quartzJob.getId())) .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build() ; jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put(QuartzJob.JOB_PARAM_KEY,quartzJob); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger) ; // 状态校验 checkStop(quartzJob) ; } catch (SchedulerException e){ throw new RuntimeException("createJob Fail",e) ; } } }
3、更新任务
先通过任务ID查询 TriggerKey
,对于更新来说,最常见的就是Cron表达式即调度规则的更新,或者任务的执行参数更新;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void updateJob(QuartzJob quartzJob) { try { // 查询触发器Key TriggerKey triggerKey = getTriggerKey(quartzJob.getId()); // 构建Cron调度器 CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder .cronSchedule(quartzJob.getCronExpres()) .withMisfireHandlingInstructionDoNothing(); // 任务触发器 CronTrigger trigger = getCronTrigger(quartzJob.getId()) .getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey) .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build(); trigger.getJobDataMap().put(QuartzJob.JOB_PARAM_KEY, quartzJob); scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger); // 状态校验 checkStop(quartzJob) ; } catch (SchedulerException e) { throw new RuntimeException("updateJob Fail",e) ; } } }
4、暂停任务
先通过任务ID查询 JobKey
,判断任务是非运行状态,则停止任务;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void checkStop (QuartzJob quartzJob){ try { if(quartzJob.getState() != JobState.JOB_RUN.getStatus()){ this.scheduler.pauseJob(getJobKey(quartzJob.getId())); } } catch (SchedulerException e){ throw new RuntimeException("pauseJob Fail",e) ; } } }
5、恢复任务
先通过任务ID查询 JobKey
,恢复任务正常执行;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void resumeJob (Integer jobId){ try { this.scheduler.resumeJob(getJobKey(jobId)); } catch (SchedulerException e){ throw new RuntimeException("resumeJob Fail",e) ; } } }
6、执行一次
传入任务主体,再通过任务ID查询 JobKey
,然后立即执行一次任务;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void run (QuartzJob quartzJob){ try { JobDataMap dataMap = new JobDataMap() ; dataMap.put(QuartzJob.JOB_PARAM_KEY,quartzJob); this.scheduler.triggerJob(getJobKey(quartzJob.getId()),dataMap); } catch (SchedulerException e){ throw new RuntimeException("run Fail",e) ; } } }
7、删除任务
先通过任务ID查询 JobKey
,彻底删除任务;
@Component public class QuartzManage { @Resource private Scheduler scheduler ; public void deleteJob (Integer jobId){ try { scheduler.deleteJob(getJobKey(jobId)); } catch (SchedulerException e){ throw new RuntimeException("deleteJob Fail",e) ; } } }
8、任务执行
Quartz被集成在Spring框架之后,任务类自然会以Bean对象的方式被管理,在任务创建时,设置要执行的作业类 QuartzRecord
,该类继承 QuartzJobBean
抽象类,通过重写 executeInternal
方法,来管理任务实际执行的逻辑;
public class QuartzRecord extends QuartzJobBean { @Override protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) { QuartzJob quartzJob = (QuartzJob)context.getMergedJobDataMap().get(QuartzJob.JOB_PARAM_KEY) ; QuartzLogService quartzLogService = (QuartzLogService)SpringContextUtil.getBean("quartzLogService") ; // 定时器日志记录 QuartzLog quartzLog = new QuartzLog () ; quartzLog.setJobId(quartzJob.getId()); quartzLog.setBeanName(quartzJob.getBeanName()); quartzLog.setParams(quartzJob.getParams()); quartzLog.setCreateTime(new Date()); long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis() ; try { // 加载并执行 Object target = SpringContextUtil.getBean(quartzJob.getBeanName()); Method method = target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("run", String.class); method.invoke(target, quartzJob.getParams()); long executeTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime; quartzLog.setTimes((int)executeTime); quartzLog.setState(LogState.LOG_SUS.getStatus()); } catch (Exception e){ // 异常信息 long executeTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime; quartzLog.setTimes((int)executeTime); quartzLog.setState(LogState.LOG_FAIL.getStatus()); quartzLog.setError(e.getMessage()); } finally { // 保存执行日志 quartzLogService.insert(quartzLog) ; } } }
四、参考源码
文档仓库: https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-java-note 源码仓库: https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-spring-parent
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