C++利用EasyX编写贪吃蛇游戏的示例代码
作者:逃逸的卡路里
介绍
graphics.h是针对DOS下的一个C语言图形库 (c++也可以)
目前支持下载此头文件的常用的有两种:
1. EGE (Easy Graphics Engine)
2. EasyX Graphics Library
EGE, 全名Easy Graphics Engine, 是windows下的简易绘图库,是一个类似BGI(graphics.h)的面向C/C++语言新手的图形库
EasyX, 全名EasyX Graphics Library, 是针对 Visual C++ 的免费绘图库,支持 VC6.0 ~ VC2022,简单易用,学习成本极低,应用领域广泛。目前已有许多大学将 EasyX 应用在教学当中
我建议Visual Studio用EasyX, Dev-C++可以用EGE
解决的方法:去 EasyX官网 下载EasyX的exe程序,点击后直接对自己使用的VC版本进行安装就行了,很简单。.
Graphics.h常用用法:
1.initgraph(width, height)和closegraph()
initgraph可以创建一个宽度为width, 高度为height的图形界面窗口
运行结束后可以通过closegraph来关闭窗口
注, closegraph之前记得用getch()函数来接收用户输入, 防止程序刚绘画玩就关闭窗口了
2.line(x1,y1,x2,y2)
从x1,y1坐标画一条直线到x2,y2坐标
3.setcolor和RGB
setcolor()可以把line画出来的直线变成另外一种颜色
RGB可以返回setcolor的自定义参数
RGB(r,g,b)可以修改不同浓度的红, 绿, 蓝
EX:
setcolor(RGB(200,0,0))可以将line画出来的直线变成红色
4.circle(x,y,radius)
在x,y坐标点画一个半径为radius的圆
EX:
circle(200, 200, 100);
5.setfillcolor, bar(x1,y1,x2,y2)
bar函数可以画出一个矩形
范围为:x坐标从50-300,y坐标从100-200
setfillcolor()可以改变Bar的填充颜色值,参数也是RGB()函数的自定义颜色
6.fillellipse(x,y,xr,yr);
画一个在x, y坐标点的实心椭圆
x轴上的半径为xr
y轴上的半径为yr
注:setfillcolor也可以改变其填充颜色值
7.setfontbkcolor(), setfont(12, 0, "宋体")
setfontcolor可以修改创建的文字的背景颜色值
setfont(12,0,"宋体")的第一个参数是字体的高度
第二个参数是字体的宽度, 如果填0, 那就会使用默认比例值
第三个参数是设置文字的字体样式
8.outtextxy(x, y, 字符串);
这个函数可以在坐标x,y坐标点输出字符串
注:字符串也可以是中文
EX:
outtextxy(100, 150, "中文也是支持的");
小游戏运行效果图
贪吃蛇游戏源代码
// 贪吃蛇小游戏.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。 // #include "stdafx.h" #include <graphics.h> #include <Windows.h> #include <time.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include "io.h" #define S_LEN 400 //蛇的最大节数 #define S_SPEED 200 //蛇的速度 #define S_SIZE 20 //蛇的大小 //全局变量 int score = 0; typedef enum Direction { up = 72, down = 80, left = 75, right = 77 }; //蛇的方向 //坐标结构体 struct Coordinate { int x; int y; }; //蛇的结构体 struct Snake { Coordinate sCo[S_LEN]; //每一节蛇的坐标 int num; //蛇的节数 Direction direction; //蛇的方向 }snake; //食物的结构体 struct Food { Coordinate fCo; int flag; //食物是否被吃 }food; //函数声明 void InitSnake(); //初始化蛇 void Snake_Food(); //食物坐标 void Snake_Food_Paint(); //画食物 void Snake_Paint(); //画蛇 void Snake_Move(); //蛇移动 void Snake_Change(); //方向性移动 void Snake_Eat(); //食物是否被吃 void Snake_Break(); //判断是否撞自己 void Game_Over(); //结束游戏 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { InitSnake(); while (true) { while (!_kbhit()) { settextcolor(RED); score = (snake.num - 2) * 100; char s[5]; sprintf(s, "%d", score); outtextxy(500, 60, s); if (food.flag == 0) { Snake_Food(); } Snake_Food_Paint(); Snake_Break(); Snake_Eat(); Snake_Move(); Sleep(S_SPEED); } Snake_Change(); } return 0; } //初始化蛇 void InitSnake() { //初始化图形界面 initgraph(640, 480); setbkcolor(RGB(168, 168, 168)); cleardevice(); settextcolor(RED); settextstyle(32, 0, "黑体"); outtextxy(510, 20, "贪吃蛇"); settextcolor(BLACK); settextstyle(16, 0, "宋体"); outtextxy(495, 100, "分数:"); outtextxy(500, 400, "By:逃逸的卡路里"); setcolor(RGB(46, 85, 6)); setfillcolor(RGB(46, 85, 6)); fillrectangle(0, 0, 480, 480); setcolor(RGB(199, 177, 163)); setfillcolor(RGB(199, 177, 163)); fillrectangle(40, 40, 440, 440); setcolor(RGB(102, 86, 0)); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { rectangle(39 - i, 39 - i, 441 + i, 441 + i); } setcolor(RGB(168, 147, 130)); for (int i = 60; i < 440; i += 20) { line(i, 40, i, 440); line(40, i, 440, i); } setorigin(40, 40); setcolor(RGB(56, 89, 0)); setfillcolor(RGB(91, 193, 45)); fillcircle(10, 10, 9); //第一节蛇 setfillcolor(WHITE); fillcircle(8, 5, 2); fillcircle(8, 15, 2); food.flag = 0; //食物被吃 //蛇坐标初始化 snake.sCo[0].x = 0 + S_SIZE; snake.sCo[0].y = 0; snake.sCo[1].x = 0; snake.sCo[0].y = 0; snake.num = 2; snake.direction = right; } //食物坐标 void Snake_Food() { int i; srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); while (true) { int num = 0; food.fCo.x = rand() % (400 / S_SIZE)*S_SIZE; food.fCo.y = rand() % (400 / S_SIZE)*S_SIZE; for (i = 0; i < snake.num; i++) { if (snake.sCo[i].x == food.fCo.x&&snake.sCo[i].y == food.fCo.y) { num++; } } if (num == 0) { break; } } food.flag = 1; } //画食物 void Snake_Food_Paint() { setcolor(RED); setfillcolor(RED); fillcircle(food.fCo.x + 10, food.fCo.y + 10, 8); } //画蛇 void Snake_Paint() { for (int i = snake.num - 1; i >= 0; i--) { setcolor(RGB(56, 89, 0)); setfillcolor(RGB(91, 193, 45)); fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 10, snake.sCo[i].y + 10, 9); if (i == 0) { setfillcolor(WHITE); switch (snake.direction) { case up: fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 5, snake.sCo[i].y + 12, 2); fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 15, snake.sCo[i].y + 12, 2); break; case down: fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 5, snake.sCo[i].y + 8, 2); fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 15, snake.sCo[i].y + 8, 2); break; case left: fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 12, snake.sCo[i].y + 5, 2); fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 12, snake.sCo[i].y + 15, 2); break; case right: fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 8, snake.sCo[i].y + 5, 2); fillcircle(snake.sCo[i].x + 8, snake.sCo[i].y + 15, 2); break; } } } setcolor(RGB(199, 177, 163)); setfillcolor(RGB(199, 177, 163)); fillcircle(snake.sCo[snake.num].x + 10, snake.sCo[snake.num].y + 10, 9); } //蛇移动 void Snake_Move() { for (int i = snake.num; i > 0; i--) { snake.sCo[i].x = snake.sCo[i - 1].x; snake.sCo[i].y = snake.sCo[i - 1].y; } switch (snake.direction) { case up: if (snake.sCo[0].y == 0) { snake.sCo[0].y = 400 - S_SIZE; } else { snake.sCo[0].y -= S_SIZE; } break; case down: if (snake.sCo[0].y == 400 - S_SIZE) { snake.sCo[0].y = 0; } else { snake.sCo[0].y += S_SIZE; } break; case left: if (snake.sCo[0].x == 0) { snake.sCo[0].x = 400 - S_SIZE; } else { snake.sCo[0].x -= S_SIZE; } break; case right: if (snake.sCo[0].x == 400 - S_SIZE) { snake.sCo[0].x = 0; } else { snake.sCo[0].x += S_SIZE; } break; } Snake_Paint(); } //方向性移动 void Snake_Change() { int ch; ch = getch(); switch (ch) { case 'w': case 'W': case up: if (snake.direction != down) { snake.direction = up; } break; case 's': case 'S': case down: if (snake.direction != up) { snake.direction = down; } break; case 'a': case 'A': case left: if (snake.direction != right) { snake.direction = left; } break; case 'd': case 'D': case right: if (snake.direction != left) { snake.direction = right; } break; } } //食物是否被吃 void Snake_Eat() { if (snake.sCo[0].x == food.fCo.x&&snake.sCo[0].y == food.fCo.y) { snake.num++; food.flag = 0; } } //判断是否撞自己 void Snake_Break() { for (int i = snake.num - 1; i > 3; i--) { if (snake.sCo[0].x == snake.sCo[i].x&&snake.sCo[0].y == snake.sCo[i].y) { Game_Over(); } } } //结束游戏 void Game_Over() { cleardevice(); setcolor(WHITE); outtextxy(200, 160, "GAME OVER!!!"); Sleep(10000); closegraph(); }
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