基于Go语言实现一个目录树打印工具
作者:叹一曲当时只道是寻常
在日常开发中,我们经常需要可视化项目的目录结构。无论是编写文档、分享项目结构,还是单纯了解代码布局,一个清晰的目录树展示都至关重要。今天我将介绍一款用Go语言开发的目录树打印工具,它不仅能生成美观的目录结构图,还提供多种实用功能!
功能亮点
多层级展示:支持自定义深度限制
隐藏文件处理:可选显示隐藏文件/文件夹
多种输出方式:控制台打印、保存文件、复制到剪贴板
美观可视化:使用emoji图标标识不同类型
灵活连接线:可选的树形连接线展示
智能排序:目录优先,按名称排序
技术实现解析
核心数据结构
type DirectoryPrinter struct {
rootDir string // 根目录路径
showHidden bool // 是否显示隐藏文件
currentDepth int // 当前递归深度
maxDepth int // 最大深度限制
indentSymbol string // 缩进符号(4个空格)
folderSymbol string // 文件夹图标
fileSymbol string // 文件图标
output []string // 输出内容收集
showConnector bool // 是否显示连接线
}
关键算法逻辑
1.文件排序策略:
目录优先于文件
相同类型按名称升序排列
sort.Slice(filteredEntries, func(i, j int) bool {
if filteredEntries[i].IsDir() != filteredEntries[j].IsDir() {
return filteredEntries[i].IsDir()
}
return filteredEntries[i].Name() < filteredEntries[j].Name()
})
2.连接线生成逻辑:
非最后一项:├──
最后一项:└──
if dp.showConnector {
isLast := index == total-1
connector := "├── "
if isLast {
connector = "└── "
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s📁 %s\n", prefix, connector, entry.Name())
}
3.递归深度控制:
if dp.maxDepth > 0 && dp.currentDepth >= dp.maxDepth {
return nil
}
使用指南
命令行参数
| 参数 | 说明 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| --show-hidden | 显示隐藏文件 | --show-hidden |
| --output-file | 保存到文件 | --output-file tree.txt |
| --copy-ClipBoard | 复制到剪贴板 | --copy-ClipBoard |
| --max-depth | 设置最大深度 | --max-depth 3 |
| --show-connector | 显示连接线 | --show-connector |
| --help | 显示帮助 | --help |
使用示例
基本用法(显示当前目录结构):
directory_printer
显示隐藏文件并限制深度:
directory_printer --show-hidden --max-depth 2
保存到文件并显示连接线:
directory_printer --output-file project_tree.txt --show-connector
输出示例
📂 my-project
📁 src
📁 controllers
📁 models
📁 views
📁 config
📁 public
📁 css
📁 js
📁 images
📄 README.md
📄 .gitignore
📄 go.mod
带连接线版本:
📂 my-project
├── 📁 src
│ ├── 📁 controllers
│ ├── 📁 models
│ └── 📁 views
├── 📁 config
├── 📁 public
│ ├── 📁 css
│ ├── 📁 js
│ └── 📁 images
├── 📄 README.md
├── 📄 .gitignore
└── 📄 go.mod
实现细节解析
根目录处理
rootName := filepath.Base(rootDir)
if rootName == "." {
// 获取当前工作目录的绝对路径
absPath, err := filepath.Abs(rootDir)
if err != nil {
rootName = "current_directory"
} else {
rootName = filepath.Base(absPath)
}
}
printer.output = append(printer.output, fmt.Sprintf("📂 %s\n", rootName))
输出处理逻辑
// 保存到文件
if *outputFile != "" {
err = saveToFile(*outputFile, printer.output)
}
// 复制到剪贴板
if *copyClipBoard {
content := strings.Join(printer.output, "")
err = clipboard.WriteAll(content)
}
// 控制台输出
fmt.Println("\n=== Directory Structure ===")
for _, line := range printer.output {
fmt.Print(line)
}递归目录遍历
childPrinter := &DirectoryPrinter{
rootDir: filepath.Join(dp.rootDir, entry.Name()),
showHidden: dp.showHidden,
currentDepth: dp.currentDepth + 1,
maxDepth: dp.maxDepth,
indentSymbol: dp.indentSymbol,
folderSymbol: dp.folderSymbol,
fileSymbol: dp.fileSymbol,
output: dp.output,
showConnector: dp.showConnector,
}
if err := childPrinter.printDirectory(); err != nil {
return err
}
dp.output = childPrinter.output
附录
完整代码
package main
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"sort"
"strings"
"github.com/atotto/clipboard"
)
type DirectoryPrinter struct {
rootDir string
showHidden bool
currentDepth int
maxDepth int
indentSymbol string
folderSymbol string
fileSymbol string
output []string
showConnector bool // 新增字段控制是否显示连接线
}
func (dp *DirectoryPrinter) printDirectory() error {
// 检查是否超过最大深度
if dp.maxDepth > 0 && dp.currentDepth >= dp.maxDepth {
return nil
}
entries, err := os.ReadDir(dp.rootDir)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// 过滤隐藏文件
var filteredEntries []os.DirEntry
for _, entry := range entries {
if dp.showHidden || !strings.HasPrefix(entry.Name(), ".") {
filteredEntries = append(filteredEntries, entry)
}
}
// 按类型(目录优先)和名称排序
sort.Slice(filteredEntries, func(i, j int) bool {
// 首先按类型排序(目录在前)
if filteredEntries[i].IsDir() != filteredEntries[j].IsDir() {
return filteredEntries[i].IsDir()
}
// 同类型按名称排序
return filteredEntries[i].Name() < filteredEntries[j].Name()
})
total := len(filteredEntries)
for i, entry := range filteredEntries {
prefix := strings.Repeat(dp.indentSymbol, dp.currentDepth)
var line string
if entry.IsDir() {
line = dp.buildFolderLine(prefix, i, total, entry)
} else {
line = dp.buildFileLine(prefix, i, total, entry)
}
dp.output = append(dp.output, line)
// 递归处理子文件夹
if entry.IsDir() {
childPrinter := &DirectoryPrinter{
rootDir: filepath.Join(dp.rootDir, entry.Name()),
showHidden: dp.showHidden,
currentDepth: dp.currentDepth + 1,
maxDepth: dp.maxDepth,
indentSymbol: dp.indentSymbol,
folderSymbol: dp.folderSymbol,
fileSymbol: dp.fileSymbol,
output: dp.output,
showConnector: dp.showConnector,
}
if err := childPrinter.printDirectory(); err != nil {
return err
}
dp.output = childPrinter.output
}
}
return nil
}
func (dp *DirectoryPrinter) buildFolderLine(prefix string, index, total int, entry os.DirEntry) string {
if dp.showConnector {
isLast := index == total-1
connector := "├── "
if isLast {
connector = "└── "
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s📁 %s\n", prefix, connector, entry.Name())
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s📁 %s\n", prefix, entry.Name())
}
func (dp *DirectoryPrinter) buildFileLine(prefix string, index, total int, entry os.DirEntry) string {
if dp.showConnector {
isLast := index == total-1
connector := "├── "
if isLast {
connector = "└── "
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s📄 %s\n", prefix, connector, entry.Name())
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s📄 %s\n", prefix, entry.Name())
}
func usage() {
fmt.Println("Usage: directory_printer [OPTIONS] [PATH]")
fmt.Println("\nOptions:")
fmt.Println(" --show-hidden Include hidden files and directories")
fmt.Println(" --output-file <file_path> Save the directory structure to a file")
fmt.Println(" --copy-ClipBoard Copy Directory structure to clipboard")
fmt.Println(" --max-depth <number> Maximum directory depth to display (0 for all levels, 1 for root only)")
fmt.Println(" --show-connector Show connector characters (├── and └──)")
fmt.Println(" --help Display this help message")
fmt.Println("\nExample:")
fmt.Println(" directory_printer --show-hidden --max-depth 2 --output-file output.txt /path/to/directory")
}
func isDirectory(path string) bool {
fileInfo, err := os.Stat(path)
if err != nil {
return false
}
return fileInfo.IsDir()
}
func saveToFile(filePath string, content []string) error {
file, err := os.Create(filePath)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer file.Close()
for _, line := range content {
if _, err := file.WriteString(line); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func main() {
showHidden := flag.Bool("show-hidden", false, "Include hidden files and directories")
outputFile := flag.String("output-file", "", "Save the directory structure to a file")
copyClipBoard := flag.Bool("copy-ClipBoard", true, "Copy Directory structure to clipboard")
maxDepth := flag.Int("max-depth", 0, "Maximum directory depth to display (0 for all levels, 1 for root only)")
showConnector := flag.Bool("show-connector", false, "Show connector characters (├── and └──)")
help := flag.Bool("help", false, "Display this help message")
flag.Parse()
if *help {
usage()
os.Exit(0)
}
var rootDir string
if len(flag.Args()) == 0 {
rootDir = "."
} else {
rootDir = flag.Arg(0)
}
if !isDirectory(rootDir) {
fmt.Printf("Error: %s is not a valid directory\n", rootDir)
os.Exit(1)
}
printer := &DirectoryPrinter{
rootDir: rootDir,
showHidden: *showHidden,
currentDepth: 0,
maxDepth: *maxDepth,
indentSymbol: " ", // 使用4个空格作为视觉缩进
folderSymbol: "",
fileSymbol: "",
output: []string{},
showConnector: *showConnector,
}
rootName := filepath.Base(rootDir)
if rootName == "." {
// 获取当前工作目录的绝对路径
absPath, err := filepath.Abs(rootDir)
if err != nil {
rootName = "current_directory"
} else {
rootName = filepath.Base(absPath)
}
}
printer.output = append(printer.output, fmt.Sprintf("📂 %s\n", rootName))
// 增加根目录的缩进
printer.currentDepth = 1
err := printer.printDirectory()
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Error: %v\n", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
if *outputFile != "" {
err = saveToFile(*outputFile, printer.output)
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Failed to save to file: %v\n", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
fmt.Printf("Directory structure saved to: %s\n", *outputFile)
}
if *copyClipBoard {
content := strings.Join(printer.output, "")
err = clipboard.WriteAll(content)
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Failed to copy to clipboard: %v\n", err)
} else {
fmt.Println("Directory structure copied to clipboard")
}
}
fmt.Println("\n=== Directory Structure ===")
for _, line := range printer.output {
fmt.Print(line)
}
}
总结
这款Go语言实现的目录树打印工具通过简洁的代码实现了强大的功能,无论是开发者快速查看项目结构,还是编写技术文档时展示目录布局,它都是一个得力的助手。清晰的emoji标识、灵活的输出选项和可定制的显示深度,让它成为你开发工具箱中不可或缺的一员。
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