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golang如何部署到服务器及应注意问题解析

作者:磊丰

这篇文章主要为大家介绍了golang如何部署到服务器及应注意问题解析,有需要的朋友可以借鉴参考下,希望能够有所帮助,祝大家多多进步,早日升职加薪

Go 项目部署到服务器步骤

将 Go 项目部署到服务器通常包括以下几个步骤:

1 构建可执行文件:

 在开发环境中,你可以直接运行 Go 项目。但是,在部署到服务器之前,通常需要构建可执行文件。可以使用 go build 命令:

go build -o myapp

这将在当前目录下生成一个名为 myapp(或者你的项目名称)的可执行文件。

2 传输可执行文件到服务器: 

使用工具如 scprsync 或者其他文件传输工具将生成的可执行文件传输到服务器。例如:

scp myapp user@your-server-ip:/path/to/destination

或者使用 rsync

rsync -avz myapp user@your-server-ip:/path/to/destination

3 运行可执行文件:

 在服务器上,使用 SSH 登录到服务器,并运行可执行文件:

ssh user@your-server-ip
cd /path/to/destination
./myapp

4 使用反向代理: 

如果你的 Go 应用是一个 web 服务,你可能需要考虑使用反向代理,比如 Nginx 或者 Caddy。这些工具可以处理 HTTPS、负载均衡、静态文件服务等。

Nginx 配置:

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name your-domain.com;

  location / {
      proxy_pass http://localhost:your-app-port;
      proxy_set_header Host hostproxyE95EsetE95EheaderXE45ERealE45EIP<annotation encoding="application style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;" encoding=""application"></annotation encoding="application>
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP <span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">h<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">o<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">o<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">x<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">h<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.07847em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">X<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.00773em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">R<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.07847em;" style="font-size: 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  }
}
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Caddy 配置:

your-domain.com {
  reverse_proxy localhost:your-app-port
}

5 使用进程管理工具: 

考虑使用进程管理工具,例如 systemdsupervisord 或者 pm2,以确保你的应用在服务器启动时自动运行,并在发生崩溃时重新启动。

systemd 配置:

创建一个 your-app.service 文件,内容类似:

[Unit]
Description=Your Go App
[Service]
ExecStart=/path/to/your-app
Restart=always
User=your-user
Group=your-group
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

然后执行:

sudo cp your-app.service /etc/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl enable your-app
sudo systemctl start your-app

6 配置环境变量和配置文件:

 确保在服务器上设置正确的环境变量和配置文件,以适应生产环境的需求。这包括数据库连接、API密钥、端口号等。

7 监控和日志记录:

 配置应用程序的日志记录以及服务器监控,以便在生产环境中能够检测和解决问题。

8 安全性: 

确保服务器上的操作系统和软件都是最新版本,并采取必要的安全措施,比如防火墙配置、SSH 认证、限制用户权限等。

部署后需要注意的问题:

总的来说,部署到生产环境需要综合考虑应用程序的运行环境、性能、安全性等多个方面。在初次部署之后,持续监控和维护是非常重要的。

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