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JavaScript修改、删除数组中某个对象的某个属性几种方法

2024-09-12 10:47:24 作者：William_jade

在JavaScript开发中,经常需要修改数组中对象的属性,下面这篇文章主要介绍了JavaScript修改、删除数组中某个对象的某个属性几种方法,需要的朋友可以参考下

一有几种方法可以用来修改JavaScript数组中对象的属性：

使用Array.map()方法
使用for-of循环
使用具有扩展运算符的Array.map()方法
使用forEach()方法
使用find()方法和解构。

方法1：使用Array.map()方法

使用map()方法根据指定的函数，通过转换原始数组的每个元素来创建一个新的数组。

let employees_data = [
    {
        employee_id: 1,
        employee_name: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
    },
];
 
const modifiedEmployees = employees_data.map(obj => {
    if (obj.employee_id === 2) {
        return { ...obj, employee_name: "rahul" };
    }
    return obj;
});
 
console.log(modifiedEmployees);

输出

[
{ employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
{ employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'rahul' },
{ employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
]

方法2：使用for-of循环

使用for循环遍历一个包含对象的数组，根据条件查找并修改特定对象的属性。

let employees_data = [
    {
        employee_id: 1,
        employee_name: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
    },
];
for (let object of employees_data) {
    if (object.employee_id === 2) {
        object.employee_name = "Anthony";
    }
}
console.log("Updated Data: ");
console.log(employees_data);

输出

Updated Data:
[
{ employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
{ employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Anthony' },
{ employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
]

方法3：使用Array.map()与扩展运算符

使用Array.map()创建一个带有扩展运算符的新数组，以修改特定对象的属性。

employees_data.map((employee) => {  
    if (employee.employee_id === 2) {  
        return {  
            ...employee,  
            employee_name: "Anthony",  
        };  
    }  
    return employee;  
});

示例： 在这个示例中，我们将使用Array.map()方法以及spread operator（…）将对象自身展开，以便通过使用先前创建的对象数组来更新现有对象的属性值。

let employees_data = [
    {
        employee_id: 1,
        employee_name: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
    },
];
let new_updated_data =
    employees_data.map((employee) => {
        if (employee.employee_id === 2) {
            return {
                ...employee,
                employee_name: "Anthony",
            };
        }
        return employee;
    });
console.log("Updated Data: ");
console.log(new_updated_data);

输出

Updated Data:
[
{ employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
{ employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Anthony' },
{ employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
]

方法4：使用 forEach() 方法

使用 forEach() 方法，遍历对象数组，检查条件并修改匹配对象的属性

let employees_data = [
    {
        employee_id: 1,
        employee_name: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
    },
];
 
const modifyProperty = (arr, targetId, newProperty) => {
    arr.forEach(obj => {
        if (obj.employee_id === targetId) {
            obj.employee_name = newProperty;
        }
    });
};
 
modifyProperty(employees_data, 2, "Ankit");
console.log(employees_data);

[
  { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
  { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Ankit' },
  { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
]

方法5：使用find()方法和解构

使用find()方法搜索具有指定属性值的对象，并使用解构修改属性。

let employees_data = [
    {
        employee_id: 1,
        employee_name: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
    },
];
 
const modifyProperty = (arr, targetId, newProperty) => {
    const targetObj = arr.find(obj => obj.employee_id === targetId);
    if (targetObj) {
        targetObj.employee_name = newProperty;
    }
};
 
modifyProperty(employees_data, 2, "Kavita");
console.log(employees_data);

[
  { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
  { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Kavita' },
  { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
]

二 JavaScript删除数组对象中的某个对象里的某个属性

方法1:使用for循环

let employ = [
    {
        employid: 1,
        employname: "Aman",
        employage:"15"
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
        employage:"16"
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
        employage:"17"
    },
];
       for(var i =0;i<employ.length;i++){
        if(employ[i].employid===1){
           delete employ[i].employage
        }}
console.log(employ)

输出:
[
    {
        employid: 1,
        employname: "Aman",
    },
    {
        employee_id: 2,
        employee_name: "Bhargava",
        employage:"16"
    },
    {
        employee_id: 3,
        employee_name: "Chaitanya",
        employage:"17"
    },
];

可以看到上面打印输出第一条对象里的年龄属性删除了

总结

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