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Angular 中的路由详解

2023-11-08 17:13:32 作者：@Autowire

路由是实现单页面应用的一种方式,通过监听hash或者history的变化,渲染不同的组件,起到局部更新的作用,避免每次URL变化都向服务器请求数据,本文给大家介绍Angular 中的路由,感兴趣的朋友一起看看吧

1 使用 routerLink 指令路由跳转

命令创建项目：

ng new ng-demo

创建需要的组件：

ng g component components/home
ng g component components/news
ng g component components/produect

找到 app-routing.module.ts 配置路由:
引入组件:

import { HomeComponent } from './components/home/home.component';
import { NewsComponent } from './components/news/news.component';
import { ProductComponent } from './components/product/product.component';

配置路由:

const routes: Routes = [
  {path: 'home', component: HomeComponent},
  {path: 'news', component: NewsComponent},
  {path: 'product', component: ProductComponent},
  {path: '**', redirectTo: 'home'}
];

找到 app.component.html 根组件模板，配置 router-outlet 显示动态加载的路由:

<h1>
  <a routerLink="/home" routerLinkActive="active">首页</a>
  <a routerLink="/news" routerLinkActive="active">新闻</a>
</h1>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>

routerLink 跳转页面默认路由:

//匹配不到路由的时候加载的组件 或者跳转的路由
{path: '**', redirectTo: 'home'}

routerLinkActive: 设置 routerLink 默认选中路由

<h1>
  <a routerLink="/home" routerLinkActive="active">
    首页
  </a>
  <a routerLink="/news" routerLinkActive="active">
    新闻
  </a>
</h1>
.active {
  color: green;
}

<h1>
    <a [routerLink]="[ '/home' ]" routerLinkActive="active">首页</a>
    <a [routerLink]="[ '/news' ]" routerLinkActive="active">新闻</a>
</h1>

2 使用方法跳转路由 - 使用 router.navigate 方法

在组件中注入 Router 服务，并使用 navigate 方法进行路由跳转：

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Router} from "@angular/router";
@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss']
})
export class AppComponent {
  title = 'routerProject';
  constructor(public router: Router) {
  }
  goToPage(path: string) {
    this.router.navigate([path]).then(r => {})
  }
}

<h1>
  <button (click)="goToPage('home')">首页</button>
  <button (click)="goToPage('news')">新闻</button>
</h1>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>

3 routerLink跳转页面传值 - GET传值的方式

页面跳转 - queryParams属性是固定的：

<h1>
  <a routerLink="/home" routerLinkActive="active" [queryParams]="{name: 'index'}">首页</a>
  <a routerLink="/news" routerLinkActive="active" [queryParams]="{name: 'news'}">新闻</a>
</h1>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>

获取参数方式：

import {Component, OnInit} from '@angular/core';
import {ActivatedRoute} from "@angular/router";
@Component({
  selector: 'app-home',
  templateUrl: './home.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./home.component.scss']
})
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit{
  constructor(public activatedRoute: ActivatedRoute) {
  }
  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.activatedRoute.queryParams.subscribe(data => {
      console.log(data)
    })
  }
}

4 使用方法跳转页面传值 - GET传值的方式

<h1>
    <button (click)="goToPage('home', 'home')">首页</button>
    <button (click)="goToPage('news', 'news')">新闻</button>
</h1>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Router} from "@angular/router";
@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss']
})
export class AppComponent {
  title = 'routerProject';
  constructor(public router: Router) {
  }
  goToPage(path: string, param: string) {
    this.router.navigate([path], {
      queryParams: {
        name: param
      }
    }).then(r => {})
  }
}

5 动态路由的方式-路由跳转

配置路由文件：

import {NgModule} from '@angular/core';
import {RouterModule, Routes} from '@angular/router';
import {HomeComponent} from "./components/home/home.component";
import {NewsComponent} from "./components/news/news.component";
import {ProductComponent} from "./components/product/product.component";
const routes: Routes = [
  {path: 'home/:id', component: HomeComponent},
];
@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule {
}

页面设置参数：

<h1>
  <a [routerLink]="['/home', '1000']" routerLinkActive="active">首页</a>
</h1>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>

参数接受：

import {Component, OnInit} from '@angular/core';
import {ActivatedRoute} from "@angular/router";
@Component({
  selector: 'app-home',
  templateUrl: './home.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./home.component.scss']
})
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit{
  constructor(public activatedRoute: ActivatedRoute) {
  }
  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.activatedRoute.params.subscribe(data => {
      console.log(data)
    })
  }
}

6 父子路由

创建组件引入组件

import {HomeComponent} from "./components/home/home.component";
import {NewsComponent} from "./components/news/news.component";

配置路由

import {NgModule} from '@angular/core';
import {RouterModule, Routes} from '@angular/router';
import {HomeComponent} from "./components/home/home.component";
import {NewsComponent} from "./components/news/news.component";
const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: 'home',
    component: HomeComponent,
    children: [
      {
        path: 'news',
        component: NewsComponent
      },
      {path: '**', redirectTo: 'home'}
    ]
  },
  {path: '**', redirectTo: 'home'}
];
@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule {
}

父组件中定义router-outlet

<router-outlet></router-outlet>

到此这篇关于Angular 中的路由的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Angular 中的路由内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！