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vue导出报表至excel表格三种方式

作者：码上编程

这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于vue导出报表至excel表格的三种方式,导出报表是实际开发的常见功能,前后端都可以实现表格导出,本文介绍的是用vue实现,需要的朋友可以参考下

1、序言

1.1、源码

源码在下方，复制运行，安装相应的插件即可

1.2、坑

方式一、方式二安装相同插件：

npm install xlsx xlsx-style file-saver

导入 xlsx-style 会报如下的错误

解决办法：

（1）去node_modules下面找到xlsx/dist/  修改相应配置，这样非常不好，每次npm install，都要跑去node_modules下面修改，非常麻烦！

（2）新建vue.config.js，复制如下代码，重启项目即可

module.exports = {
    configureWebpack: (config) => {
        // 解决xlsx-style报错的问题
        return {
            externals: [{
                './cptable': 'var cptable'
            }]
        }
    }
}

还有一个坑

解决办法：

1.3、实现功能说明

未实现：

（1）单元格样式修改还未实现，后期找到合适的方法会更新此博客

（2）不能导出图片至excel表中，只把表格数据导出至excel表

（3）导出的excel报表没有多个Sheet

已实现：

（1）表格正常导出

（2）多级表头导出

（3）单元格自定义内容、合计行导出 

2、方式一（xlsx）（不推荐）

2.1、工具方法

Export2Excel.js

export function export_json_to_excel({
    multiHeader = [], // 第一行表头
    multiHeader2 = [],	// 第二行表头
    data,
    filename, //文件名
    merges = [], // 合并
    bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
    /* original data */
    filename = filename || '列表';
    data = [...data]
    data.unshift(multiHeader2)
    data.unshift(multiHeader)
    console.log('data:', data)
    var ws_name = "SheetJS";
    var wb = new Workbook(),
        ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
    if (merges.length > 0) {
        if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
        merges.forEach(item => {
            ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
        })
    }
    /* add worksheet to workbook */
    wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
    wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
    var wbout = XLSXStyle.write(wb, {
        bookType: bookType,
        bookSST: false,
        type: 'binary'
    });
    saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
        type: "application/octet-stream"
    }), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}

2.2、使用

// multiHeader: 一级表头
// multiHeader2：二级表头
// data：表格数据
// merges：需要合并的单元格
// filename：导出的excel文件名
import('@/utils/Export2Excel').then((excel) => {
        excel.export_json_to_excel({
          multiHeader,
          multiHeader2,
          data,
          merges,
          filename: '报表导出一',
        });
      })

2.3、目标效果

2.4、缺点

（1）没有合计行

（2）表格插槽自定义的内容，如添加的单位: kg、cm、岁不能一起导出来

（3）最痛苦的是多级表头导出的时候还要一个个算单元格哪些需要合并、多级表头数组的字段排放，字段少还好，多的时候就痛苦面具了！

3、方式二（xlsx结合dom）（推荐）

3.1、工具方法

Export2Excel.js

// 根据dom导出表格
export function exportToExcel(idSelector, fileName, titleNum = 1) {
    // 设置导出的内容是否只做解析，不进行格式转换     false：要解析， true:不解析
    const xlsxParam = { raw: true }
    let table = document.querySelector(idSelector).cloneNode(true);
    // 因为element-ui的表格的fixed属性导致多出一个table，会下载重复内容，这里删除掉
    if (table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed-right'))
        table.removeChild(table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed-right'));
    if (table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed'))
        table.removeChild(table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed'));
    const wb = XLSX.utils.table_to_book(table, xlsxParam)
    let range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(wb.Sheets['Sheet1']['!ref']);
    let cWidth = [];
    for (let C = range.s.c; C < range.e.c; ++C) {   //SHEET列
        let len = 100; //默认列宽
        let len_max = 400; //最大列宽
        for (let R = range.s.r; R <= range.e.r; ++R) {  //SHEET行
            let cell = { c: C, r: R };                    //二维 列行确定一个单元格
            let cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell(cell);  //单元格 A1、A2
            if (wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref]) {
                // if (R == 0){
                if (R < titleNum) {
                    wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].s = {  //设置第一行单元格的样式 style
                        alignment: {
                            horizontal: 'center',
                            vertical: 'center',
                        },
                    };
                } else {
                    wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].s = {
                        alignment: {
                            horizontal: 'center',
                            vertical: 'center',
                        },
                    };
                }
                //动态自适应：计算列宽
                let va = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].v));
                var card1 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(va)).match(/[\u4e00-\u9fa5]/g); //匹配中文
                var card11 = "";
                if (card1) {
                    card11 = card1.join("")
                }
                var card2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(va)).replace(/([^\u0000-\u00FF])/g, "");  //剔除中文
                let st = 0;
                if (card11) {
                    // st += card11.length * 16  //中文字节码长度
                    st += card11.length * 20  //中文字节码长度
                }
                if (card2) {
                    // st += card2.length * 8  //非中文字节码长度
                    st += card2.length * 10  //非中文字节码长度
                }
                if (st > len) {
                    len = st;
                }
            }
        }
        if (len > len_max) {//最大宽度
            len = len_max;
        }
        cWidth.push({ 'wpx': len });     //列宽
    }
    wb.Sheets['Sheet1']['!cols'] = cWidth
    const wbout = XLSXStyle.write(wb, { bookType: 'xlsx', bookSST: false, type: 'binary' })
    try {
        saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], { type: '' }), `${fileName}.xlsx`)
    } catch (e) {
        if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
            console.log(e, wbout)
        }
    }
    return wbout
}

3.2、使用

import { exportToExcel } from '@/utils/Export2Excel'
methods: {
    // 方式二导出报表
    handleExport2() {
      // exportToExcel(表格id选择器, 导出文件名称);
      exportToExcel('#table', '报表导出二');
    },
  }

3.2、效果

除了合计行有点小小的瑕疵，其他部分非常完美了，代码少，实现的功能又多，相当于导出el-table了！ 

4、方式三（vue-json-excel）（不推荐）

# 安装插件

npm i vue-json-excel

# 插件官网：GitHub - jecovier/vue-json-excel

4.1、使用

字段说明       

字段名称字段类型字段说明
dataArray表格数据
fieldsObject不填写的话，导出的excel表头名称为 data数据里面的属性名称，其实就是字段名称映射成中文
typestring导出的文件类型，默认xls
namestring导出的文件名称
titlestringexcel表格标题

main.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
import JsonExcel from "vue-json-excel";
Vue.component("downloadExcel", JsonExcel);
Vue.use(ElementUI);
new Vue({
  render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')

页面使用

每个字段可以自定义单元格格式化输出内容，比如加上单位 

4.2、效果         

4.3、缺点

（1）多级表头导不出来，官方文档写的不够详细

（2）没有合计行         

（3）配置稍显繁琐

5、源码

vue.config.js

module.exports = {
    configureWebpack: (config) => {
        // 解决xlsx-style报错的问题
        return {
            externals: [{
                './cptable': 'var cptable'
            }]
        }
    }
}

main.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
import JsonExcel from "vue-json-excel";
Vue.component("downloadExcel", JsonExcel);
Vue.use(ElementUI);
Vue.config.productionTip = false
new Vue({
  render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')

App.vue

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <div style="display: flex; justify-content: center;">
      <el-button type="success" @click="handleExport">导出一</el-button>
      <el-button type="primary" @click="handleExport2">导出二</el-button>
      <download-excel :data="tableData" :fields="fields" name="报表三">
        <el-button type="warning">导出三</el-button>
      </download-excel>
    </div>
    <el-table :data="tableData" id="table" ref="table" border style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;" show-summary>
      <el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="180">
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="180">
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column label="个人信息" align="center">
        <el-table-column prop="height" label="身高">
          <template slot-scope="{row}">
            {{ row.height + 'cm' }}
          </template>
        </el-table-column>
        <el-table-column prop="weight" label="体重">
          <template slot-scope="{row}">
            {{ row.weight + 'kg' }}
          </template>
        </el-table-column>
        <el-table-column prop="age" label="年龄">
          <template slot-scope="{row}">
            {{ row.age + '岁' }}
          </template>
        </el-table-column>
      </el-table-column>
    </el-table>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
import { exportToExcel } from '@/utils/Export2Excel'
export default {
  name: 'App',
  components: {
  },
  data() {
    return {
      tableData: [{
        date: '2016-05-03',
        name: '王大虎',
        age: 20,
        weight: 70,
        height: 188
      }, {
        date: '2016-05-02',
        name: '王二虎',
        age: 18,
        weight: 60,
        height: 177
      }, {
        date: '2016-05-04',
        name: '王小虎',
        age: 16,
        weight: 50,
        height: 166
      }],
      fields: {
        '日期': 'date',
        '姓名': 'name',
        '身高': {
          field: 'height',
          callback: (value) => {
            return `${value} cm`;
          },
        },
        '体重': {
          field: 'weight',
          callback: (value) => {
            return `${value} kg`;
          },
        },
        '年龄': {
          field: 'age',
          callback: (value) => {
            return `${value} 岁`;
          },
        },
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    // 方式一导出报表
    handleExport() {
      // 一级表头
      const multiHeader = [
        "日期",
        "姓名",
        "个人信息",
      ];
      // 二级表头
      const multiHeader2 = [
        "",
        "",
        "身高",
        "体重",
        "年龄",
      ];
      // 根据Excel确定要合并的单元格
      const merges = [
        "A1:A2",
        "B1:B2",
        "C1:E1",
      ];
      // const header = this.$refs.table.columns.map(item => item.label)
      const columns = this.$refs.table.columns.map(item => item.property)
      const data = this.tableData.map(v => columns.map(j => v[j]));
      import('@/utils/Export2Excel').then((excel) => {
        excel.export_json_to_excel({
          multiHeader,
          multiHeader2,
          data,
          merges,
          filename: '报表导出一',
        });
      })
    },
    // 方式二导出报表
    handleExport2() {
      exportToExcel('#table', '报表导出二');
    },
  }
}
</script>
<style>
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
}
</style>

utils/Export2Excel.js

/* eslint-disable */
import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import * as XLSX from 'xlsx'
import * as XLSXStyle from "xlsx-style";
function datenum(v, date1904) {
    if (date1904) v += 1462;
    var epoch = Date.parse(v);
    return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
}
function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
    var ws = {};
    var range = {
        s: {
            c: 10000000,
            r: 10000000
        },
        e: {
            c: 0,
            r: 0
        }
    };
    for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
        for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
            if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
            if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
            if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
            if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
            var cell = {
                v: data[R][C]
            };
            if (cell.v == null) continue;
            var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({
                c: C,
                r: R
            });
            if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n';
            else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b';
            else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
                cell.t = 'n';
                cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
                cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
            }
            else cell.t = 's';
            ws[cell_ref] = cell;
        }
    }
    if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
    return ws;
}
function Workbook() {
    if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
    this.SheetNames = [];
    this.Sheets = {};
}
function s2ab(s) {
    var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
    var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
    for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
    return buf;
}
export function export_json_to_excel({
    multiHeader = [], // 第一行表头
    multiHeader2 = [],	// 第二行表头
    data,
    filename, //文件名
    merges = [], // 合并
    bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
    /* original data */
    filename = filename || '列表';
    data = [...data]
    data.unshift(multiHeader2)
    data.unshift(multiHeader)
    console.log('data:', data)
    var ws_name = "SheetJS";
    var wb = new Workbook(),
        ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
    if (merges.length > 0) {
        if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
        merges.forEach(item => {
            ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
        })
    }
    /* add worksheet to workbook */
    wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
    wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
    var wbout = XLSXStyle.write(wb, {
        bookType: bookType,
        bookSST: false,
        type: 'binary'
    });
    saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
        type: "application/octet-stream"
    }), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}
// 根据dom导出表格
export function exportToExcel(idSelector, fileName, titleNum = 1) {
    // 设置导出的内容是否只做解析，不进行格式转换     false：要解析， true:不解析
    const xlsxParam = { raw: true }
    let table = document.querySelector(idSelector).cloneNode(true);
    // 因为element-ui的表格的fixed属性导致多出一个table，会下载重复内容，这里删除掉
    if (table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed-right'))
        table.removeChild(table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed-right'));
    if (table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed'))
        table.removeChild(table.querySelector('.el-table__fixed'));
    const wb = XLSX.utils.table_to_book(table, xlsxParam)
    let range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(wb.Sheets['Sheet1']['!ref']);
    let cWidth = [];
    for (let C = range.s.c; C < range.e.c; ++C) {   //SHEET列
        let len = 100; //默认列宽
        let len_max = 400; //最大列宽
        for (let R = range.s.r; R <= range.e.r; ++R) {  //SHEET行
            let cell = { c: C, r: R };                    //二维 列行确定一个单元格
            let cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell(cell);  //单元格 A1、A2
            if (wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref]) {
                // if (R == 0){
                if (R < titleNum) {
                    wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].s = {  //设置第一行单元格的样式 style
                        alignment: {
                            horizontal: 'center',
                            vertical: 'center',
                        },
                    };
                } else {
                    wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].s = {
                        alignment: {
                            horizontal: 'center',
                            vertical: 'center',
                        },
                    };
                }
                //动态自适应：计算列宽
                let va = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(wb.Sheets['Sheet1'][cell_ref].v));
                var card1 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(va)).match(/[\u4e00-\u9fa5]/g); //匹配中文
                var card11 = "";
                if (card1) {
                    card11 = card1.join("")
                }
                var card2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(va)).replace(/([^\u0000-\u00FF])/g, "");  //剔除中文
                let st = 0;
                if (card11) {
                    // st += card11.length * 16  //中文字节码长度
                    st += card11.length * 20  //中文字节码长度
                }
                if (card2) {
                    // st += card2.length * 8  //非中文字节码长度
                    st += card2.length * 10  //非中文字节码长度
                }
                if (st > len) {
                    len = st;
                }
            }
        }
        if (len > len_max) {//最大宽度
            len = len_max;
        }
        cWidth.push({ 'wpx': len });     //列宽
    }
    wb.Sheets['Sheet1']['!cols'] = cWidth
    const wbout = XLSXStyle.write(wb, { bookType: 'xlsx', bookSST: false, type: 'binary' })
    try {
        saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], { type: '' }), `${fileName}.xlsx`)
    } catch (e) {
        if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
            console.log(e, wbout)
        }
    }
    return wbout
}

utils/Blob.js

/* eslint-disable */
/* Blob.js
 * A Blob implementation.
 * 2014-05-27
 *
 * By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
 * By Devin Samarin, https://github.com/eboyjr
 * License: X11/MIT
 *   See LICENSE.md
 */
/*global self, unescape */
/*jslint bitwise: true, regexp: true, confusion: true, es5: true, vars: true, white: true,
 plusplus: true */
/*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/Blob.js/blob/master/Blob.js */
(function (view) {
  "use strict";
  view.URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL;
  if (view.Blob && view.URL) {
      try {
          new Blob;
          return;
      } catch (e) {}
  }
  // Internally we use a BlobBuilder implementation to base Blob off of
  // in order to support older browsers that only have BlobBuilder
  var BlobBuilder = view.BlobBuilder || view.WebKitBlobBuilder || view.MozBlobBuilder || (function(view) {
          var
              get_class = function(object) {
                  return Object.prototype.toString.call(object).match(/^\[object\s(.*)\]$/)[1];
              }
              , FakeBlobBuilder = function BlobBuilder() {
                  this.data = [];
              }
              , FakeBlob = function Blob(data, type, encoding) {
                  this.data = data;
                  this.size = data.length;
                  this.type = type;
                  this.encoding = encoding;
              }
              , FBB_proto = FakeBlobBuilder.prototype
              , FB_proto = FakeBlob.prototype
              , FileReaderSync = view.FileReaderSync
              , FileException = function(type) {
                  this.code = this[this.name = type];
              }
              , file_ex_codes = (
                  "NOT_FOUND_ERR SECURITY_ERR ABORT_ERR NOT_READABLE_ERR ENCODING_ERR "
                  + "NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR INVALID_STATE_ERR SYNTAX_ERR"
              ).split(" ")
              , file_ex_code = file_ex_codes.length
              , real_URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL || view
              , real_create_object_URL = real_URL.createObjectURL
              , real_revoke_object_URL = real_URL.revokeObjectURL
              , URL = real_URL
              , btoa = view.btoa
              , atob = view.atob
              , ArrayBuffer = view.ArrayBuffer
              , Uint8Array = view.Uint8Array
              ;
          FakeBlob.fake = FB_proto.fake = true;
          while (file_ex_code--) {
              FileException.prototype[file_ex_codes[file_ex_code]] = file_ex_code + 1;
          }
          if (!real_URL.createObjectURL) {
              URL = view.URL = {};
          }
          URL.createObjectURL = function(blob) {
              var
                  type = blob.type
                  , data_URI_header
                  ;
              if (type === null) {
                  type = "application/octet-stream";
              }
              if (blob instanceof FakeBlob) {
                  data_URI_header = "data:" + type;
                  if (blob.encoding === "base64") {
                      return data_URI_header + ";base64," + blob.data;
                  } else if (blob.encoding === "URI") {
                      return data_URI_header + "," + decodeURIComponent(blob.data);
                  } if (btoa) {
                      return data_URI_header + ";base64," + btoa(blob.data);
                  } else {
                      return data_URI_header + "," + encodeURIComponent(blob.data);
                  }
              } else if (real_create_object_URL) {
                  return real_create_object_URL.call(real_URL, blob);
              }
          };
          URL.revokeObjectURL = function(object_URL) {
              if (object_URL.substring(0, 5) !== "data:" && real_revoke_object_URL) {
                  real_revoke_object_URL.call(real_URL, object_URL);
              }
          };
          FBB_proto.append = function(data/*, endings*/) {
              var bb = this.data;
              // decode data to a binary string
              if (Uint8Array && (data instanceof ArrayBuffer || data instanceof Uint8Array)) {
                  var
                      str = ""
                      , buf = new Uint8Array(data)
                      , i = 0
                      , buf_len = buf.length
                      ;
                  for (; i < buf_len; i++) {
                      str += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
                  }
                  bb.push(str);
              } else if (get_class(data) === "Blob" || get_class(data) === "File") {
                  if (FileReaderSync) {
                      var fr = new FileReaderSync;
                      bb.push(fr.readAsBinaryString(data));
                  } else {
                      // async FileReader won't work as BlobBuilder is sync
                      throw new FileException("NOT_READABLE_ERR");
                  }
              } else if (data instanceof FakeBlob) {
                  if (data.encoding === "base64" && atob) {
                      bb.push(atob(data.data));
                  } else if (data.encoding === "URI") {
                      bb.push(decodeURIComponent(data.data));
                  } else if (data.encoding === "raw") {
                      bb.push(data.data);
                  }
              } else {
                  if (typeof data !== "string") {
                      data += ""; // convert unsupported types to strings
                  }
                  // decode UTF-16 to binary string
                  bb.push(unescape(encodeURIComponent(data)));
              }
          };
          FBB_proto.getBlob = function(type) {
              if (!arguments.length) {
                  type = null;
              }
              return new FakeBlob(this.data.join(""), type, "raw");
          };
          FBB_proto.toString = function() {
              return "[object BlobBuilder]";
          };
          FB_proto.slice = function(start, end, type) {
              var args = arguments.length;
              if (args < 3) {
                  type = null;
              }
              return new FakeBlob(
                  this.data.slice(start, args > 1 ? end : this.data.length)
                  , type
                  , this.encoding
              );
          };
          FB_proto.toString = function() {
              return "[object Blob]";
          };
          FB_proto.close = function() {
              this.size = this.data.length = 0;
          };
          return FakeBlobBuilder;
      }(view));
  view.Blob = function Blob(blobParts, options) {
      var type = options ? (options.type || "") : "";
      var builder = new BlobBuilder();
      if (blobParts) {
          for (var i = 0, len = blobParts.length; i < len; i++) {
              builder.append(blobParts[i]);
          }
      }
      return builder.getBlob(type);
  };
}(typeof self !== "undefined" && self || typeof window !== "undefined" && window || this.content || this));

总结 

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