两道阿里python面试题与参考答案解析

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random
import itertools
#t_list = [1,5,6,7]
length = input('请输入要产生的随机数个数：')#可以自己创建数组也可以随机生成
t_list = []#保存原始数据
t = int(length)
for x in range(t):
    t_list.append(random.randint(1, 1000))#支持负数，如要测试负数，数据范围改一下即可
medium = sum(t_list)/2#中值，作为判断依据
print(t_list)#打印原始数组
print(medium)#打印中值
tuple_temp = ()
abs_medium_tuple_sum_temp = 1000000   #该数据要大于随机值的medium
for k in range(1,t,1):  #遍历所有的组合情况，找到离medium最接近的组合
  for i in itertools.combinations(t_list,k):
    print(i)
    tuple_sum = sum(i)
    abs_medium_tuple_sum = abs(medium-tuple_sum)
    print("abs_medium_tuple_sum:"+str(abs_medium_tuple_sum))
    if abs_medium_tuple_sum_temp >= abs_medium_tuple_sum:
      abs_medium_tuple_sum_temp = abs_medium_tuple_sum
      print("abs_medium_tuple_sum_temp:"+str(abs_medium_tuple_sum_temp))
      tuple_temp = i
print("tuple_temp:")
print(tuple_temp)
list_a = list(tuple_temp)
t_list_temp = t_list
for m in tuple_temp:#将选出来的组合的元素从原数组中剥离
  t_list_temp.remove(m)
list_b = t_list_temp
#原始数据
print(t_list)
print("第一个list：")
print(list_a)
print("第一个list的和为："+str(sum(list_a)))
print("第二个list：")
print(list_b)
print("第二个list的和为："+str(sum(list_b)))

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random
import itertools
g_list=[]
for i in range(1,11,1):
    g_list.append(i)
print(g_list)
'''for p in itertools.combinations(g_list,2):
    print(p)'''
map_people = []
#生成二维数组，每一行代表一个学生，第一个数据为学生编码，第二个为拥有的礼物，第三个为收到的礼物
for i in range(0, 10):
  map_people += [[]]
  map_people[i] += [i+1]
  map_people[i] += [1]
  map_people[i] += [0]
print("原始数据")
print(map_people)
for i in range(10):
    j = random.randint(0, 9)
    while(i == j):
        j = random.randint(0, 9)
    map_people[i][1] = map_people[i][1] - 1
    map_people[j][2] = map_people[j][2] + 1
    print("%d  =>  %d" % (i,j))
print("第一轮：随机赠送，每人都要赠出礼物，得到的列表")       
print(map_people)
for k in range(10):
    if map_people[k][2] > 1:
        for m in range(10):
            if map_people[m][2] == 0:
                if map_people[k][2] > 1 :
                    map_people[k][2] = map_people[k][2] - 1
                    map_people[m][2] = map_people[m][2] + 1
                    print("%d  =>  %d" % (k,m))
print("第二轮：得到礼物大于1的，把多的礼物赠与无礼物的人，得到的列表")                      
print(map_people)