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.Net使用RabbitMQ实现短信密码重置的操作步骤

2024-09-10 09:39:45 作者：似梦亦非梦

在C#开发中,通过RabbitMQ实现短信服务可增强应用的消息通知能力,本文介绍了使用RabbitMQ发送短信的步骤,包括安装RabbitMQ客户端库、创建连接和通道、实现短信发送服务、配置RabbitMQ消费者,并集成到用户密码重置流程中,通过示例代码,可以快速理解整个实现过程

在 C# 中使用 RabbitMQ 通过短信发送重置后的密码到用户的手机号上，你可以按照以下步骤进行

1.安装 RabbitMQ 客户端库

首先，确保你已经安装了 RabbitMQ 客户端库。你可以通过 NuGet 包管理器来安装：

dotnet add package RabbitMQ.Client

2.创建 RabbitMQ 连接和通道

创建一个 RabbitMQ 连接和通道，用于发送消息。

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Text;
public class RabbitMQHelper
{
    private readonly string _hostName;
    private readonly string _userName;
    private readonly string _password;
    private readonly string _queueName;
public RabbitMQHelper(string hostName, string userName, string password, string queueName)
{
    _hostName = hostName;
    _userName = userName;
    _password = password;
    _queueName = queueName;
}
public void SendMessage(string message)
{
    var factory = new ConnectionFactory()
    {
        HostName = _hostName,
        UserName = _userName,
        Password = _password
    };
    using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
    using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
    {
        channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueName,
                             durable: false,
                             exclusive: false,
                             autoDelete: false,
                             arguments: null);
        var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "",
                             routingKey: _queueName,
                             basicProperties: null,
                             body: body);
        Console.WriteLine($" [x] Sent {message}");
    }
}
}

3.创建短信发送服务

创建一个短信发送服务，用于处理从 RabbitMQ 接收到的消息并发送短信。

public class SmsService
{
    public void SendSms(string phoneNumber, string message)
    {
        // 在这里实现短信发送逻辑
        Console.WriteLine($"Sending SMS to {phoneNumber}: {message}");
    }
}

4.创建 RabbitMQ 消费者

创建一个 RabbitMQ 消费者，用于从队列中接收消息并调用短信发送服务。

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Text;
public class RabbitMQConsumer
{
private readonly string _hostName;
private readonly string _userName;
private readonly string _password;
private readonly string _queueName;
private readonly SmsService _smsService;
public RabbitMQConsumer(string hostName, string userName, string password, string queueName, SmsService smsService)
{
    _hostName = hostName;
    _userName = userName;
    _password = password;
    _queueName = queueName;
    _smsService = smsService;
}
public void StartConsuming()
{
    var factory = new ConnectionFactory()
    {
        HostName = _hostName,
        UserName = _userName,
        Password = _password
    };
    using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
    using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
    {
        channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueName,
                             durable: false,
                             exclusive: false,
                             autoDelete: false,
                             arguments: null);
        var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
        consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
        {
            var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
            var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
            var phoneNumber = "user_phone_number"; // 从消息中解析出手机号
            _smsService.SendSms(phoneNumber, message);
        };
        channel.BasicConsume(queue: _queueName,
                             autoAck: true,
                             consumer: consumer);
        Console.WriteLine(" Press [enter] to exit.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}
}

5.集成到用户密码重置流程

在你的用户密码重置流程中，生成新的密码并将其发送到 RabbitMQ 队列。

public class UserService
{
private readonly RabbitMQHelper _rabbitMQHelper;
public UserService(RabbitMQHelper rabbitMQHelper)
{
    _rabbitMQHelper = rabbitMQHelper;
}
public void ResetPassword(Guid userId)
{
    // 生成新的密码
    string newPassword = GeneratePassword();
    // 将新密码发送到 RabbitMQ 队列
    string message = $"Your new password is: {newPassword}";
    _rabbitMQHelper.SendMessage(message);
    // 其他逻辑，例如更新数据库中的密码
}
private string GeneratePassword()
{
    // 生成随机密码的逻辑
    return "random_password";
}
}

6.启动 RabbitMQ 消费者

在应用程序启动时，启动 RabbitMQ 消费者以处理消息。

public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    string hostName = "localhost";
    string userName = "guest";
    string password = "guest";
    string queueName = "sms_queue";
    var smsService = new SmsService();
    var rabbitMQConsumer = new RabbitMQConsumer(hostName, userName, password, queueName, smsService);
    // 启动消费者
    rabbitMQConsumer.StartConsuming();
}
}

7.配置 RabbitMQ 连接信息

确保你的 RabbitMQ 连接信息（主机名、用户名、密码、队列名）是正确的，并且 RabbitMQ 服务器正在运行。

示例代码
以下是一个完整的示例代码，展示如何使用 RabbitMQ 通过短信发送重置后的密码到用户的手机号上：

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Text;
public class RabbitMQHelper
{
private readonly string _hostName;
private readonly string _userName;
private readonly string _password;
private readonly string _queueName;
public RabbitMQHelper(string hostName, string userName, string password, string queueName)
{
    _hostName = hostName;
    _userName = userName;
    _password = password;
    _queueName = queueName;
}
public void SendMessage(string message)
{
    var factory = new ConnectionFactory()
    {
        HostName = _hostName,
        UserName = _userName,
        Password = _password
    };
    using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
    using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
    {
        channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueName,
                             durable: false,
                             exclusive: false,
                             autoDelete: false,
                             arguments: null);
        var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "",
                             routingKey: _queueName,
                             basicProperties: null,
                             body: body);
        Console.WriteLine($" [x] Sent {message}");
    }
}
}
public class SmsService
{
public void SendSms(string phoneNumber, string message)
{
    // 在这里实现短信发送逻辑
    Console.WriteLine($"Sending SMS to {phoneNumber}: {message}");
}
}
public class RabbitMQConsumer
{
private readonly string _hostName;
private readonly string _userName;
private readonly string _password;
private readonly string _queueName;
private readonly SmsService _smsService;
public RabbitMQConsumer(string hostName, string userName, string password, string queueName, SmsService smsService)
{
    _hostName = hostName;
    _userName = userName;
    _password = password;
    _queueName = queueName;
    _smsService = smsService;
}
public void StartConsuming()
{
    var factory = new ConnectionFactory()
    {
        HostName = _hostName,
        UserName = _userName,
        Password = _password
    };
    using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
    using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
    {
        channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueName,
                             durable: false,
                             exclusive: false,
                             autoDelete: false,
                             arguments: null);
        var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
        consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
        {
            var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
            var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
            var phoneNumber = "user_phone_number"; // 从消息中解析出手机号
            _smsService.SendSms(phoneNumber, message);
        };
        channel.BasicConsume(queue: _queueName,
                             autoAck: true,
                             consumer: consumer);
        Console.WriteLine(" Press [enter] to exit.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}
}
public class UserService
{
private readonly RabbitMQHelper _rabbitMQHelper;
public UserService(RabbitMQHelper rabbitMQHelper)
{
    _rabbitMQHelper = rabbitMQHelper;
}
public void ResetPassword(Guid userId)
{
    // 生成新的密码
    string newPassword = GeneratePassword();
    // 将新密码发送到 RabbitMQ 队列
    string message = $"Your new password is: {newPassword}";
    _rabbitMQHelper.SendMessage(message);
    // 其他逻辑，例如更新数据库中的密码
}
private string GeneratePassword()
{
    // 生成随机密码的逻辑
    return "random_password";
}
}
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    string hostName = "localhost";
    string userName = "guest";
    string password = "guest";
    string queueName = "sms_queue";
    var smsService = new SmsService();
    var rabbitMQConsumer = new RabbitMQConsumer(hostName, userName, password, queueName, smsService);
    // 启动消费者
    rabbitMQConsumer.StartConsuming();
}
}

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