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Java基于Socket实现HTTP下载客户端

作者:gloomyfish

这篇文章主要介绍了Java基于Socket实现HTTP下载客户端的相关资料,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

没有借助任何第三方库,完全基于JAVA Socket实现一个最小化的HTTP文件下载客户端。完整的演示如何通过Socket实现下载文件的HTTP请求(request header)发送如何从Socket中接受HTTP响应(Response header, Response body)报文并解析与保存文件内容。如何通过SwingWork实现UI刷新,实时显示下载进度。

首先看一下UI部分:

【添加下载】按钮:

点击弹出URL输入框,用户Copy要下载文件URL到输入框以后,点击[OK]按钮即开始

下载


【清除完成】按钮:

清除所有已经下载完成的文件列表

文件下载状态分为以下几种:

package com.gloomyfish.socket.tutorial.http.download; 
 
public enum DownLoadStatus { 
  NOT_STARTED, 
  IN_PROCESS, 
  COMPLETED, 
  ERROR 
} 

UI部分主要是利用Swing组件完成。点击【添加下载】执行的代码如下:

final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(this,"Add File Link",true); 
dialog.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout()); 
// dialog.setSize(new Dimension(400,200)); 
final URLFilePanel panel = new URLFilePanel(); 
panel.setUpListener(new ActionListener(){ 
  @Override 
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 
    if("OK".equals(e.getActionCommand())){ 
      if(panel.validateInput()) { 
        DownloadDetailStatusInfoModel data = new DownloadDetailStatusInfoModel(panel.getValidFileURL()); 
        tableModel.getData().add(data); 
        startDownlaod(); 
        refreshUI(); 
      } 
      dialog.setVisible(false); 
      dialog.dispose(); 
    } else if("Cancel".equals(e.getActionCommand())) { 
      dialog.setVisible(false); 
      dialog.dispose(); 
    } 
  }}); 
 
dialog.getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER); 
dialog.pack(); 
centre(dialog); 
dialog.setVisible(true); 

【清除完成】按钮执行的代码如下:

private void clearDownloaded() { 
  List<DownloadDetailStatusInfoModel> downloadedList = new ArrayList<DownloadDetailStatusInfoModel>(); 
  for(DownloadDetailStatusInfoModel fileStatus : tableModel.getData()) { 
    if(fileStatus.getStatus().toString().equals(DownLoadStatus.COMPLETED.toString())) { 
      downloadedList.add(fileStatus); 
    } 
  } 
  tableModel.getData().removeAll(downloadedList); 
  refreshUI(); 
} 

让JFrame组件居中显示的代码如下:

public static void centre(Window w) { 
  Dimension us = w.getSize(); 
  Dimension them = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); 
  int newX = (them.width - us.width) / 2; 
  int newY = (them.height - us.height) / 2; 
  w.setLocation(newX, newY); 
} 

HTTP协议实现部分:

概述:HTTP请求头与相应头报文基本结构与解释

HTTP请求:一个标准的HTTP请求报文如


其中请求头可以有多个,message-body可以没有,不是必须的。请求行的格式如下:

Request-Line = Method SP Request-URI SPHTTP-Version CRLF 举例说明如下:

Request-Line = GET http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TheProject.htmlHTTP/1.1\r\n

其中SP表示空格, CRLF表示回车换行符\r\n

当你想要上传文件时候,使用Post方式来填写数据到message-body中即可。发送一个

简单的HTTP请求报文如下:

HTTP响应:一个标准的HTTP响应报文如下


最先得到是状态行,其格式如下:

Status-Line = HTTP-Version SP Status-CodeSP Reason-Phrase CRLF, 一个状态行的简单例子如下:Status-Line = HTTP/1.1 200 OK一般大家最喜欢的就是Status-Code会给你很多提示,最常见的就是404,500等状态码。状态码的意思可以参考RFC2616中的解释。下载文件最要紧是的检查HTTP响应头中的Content-Length与Content-Type两

个中分别声明了文件的长度与文件的类型。其它如Accept-Ranges表示接受多少到多少的字节。可能在多线程下载中使用。搞清楚了HTTP请求与响应的报文格式以后,我们就可以通过Socket按照报文格式解析内容,发送与读取HTTP请求与响应。具体步骤

如下:

一、根据用户输入的文件URL建立Socket连接

URL url = new URL(fileInfo.getFileURL()); 
String host = url.getHost(); 
int port = (url.getPort() == -1) ? url.getDefaultPort():url.getPort(); 
System.out.println("Host Name = " + host); 
System.out.println("port = " + port); 
System.out.println("File URI = " + url.getFile()); 
 
// create socket and start to construct the request line 
Socket socket = new Socket(); 
SocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(host, port); 
socket.connect(address); 

用了URL类来把用户输入的url string变成容易解析一点的URL。
二、构造HTTP请求

BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "UTF8")); 
String requestStr = "GET " + url.getFile() + " HTTP/1.1\r\n"; // request line 
 
// construct the request header - 构造HTTP请求头(request header) 
String hostHeader = "Host: " + host + "\r\n"; 
String acceptHeader = "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"; 
String charsetHeader = "Accept-Charset: GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3\r\n"; 
String languageHeader = "Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8\r\n"; 
String keepHeader = "Connection: close\r\n"; 

三、发送HTTP请求

// 发送HTTP请求 
bufferedWriter.write(requestStr); 
bufferedWriter.write(hostHeader); 
bufferedWriter.write(acceptHeader); 
bufferedWriter.write(charsetHeader); 
bufferedWriter.write(languageHeader); 
bufferedWriter.write(keepHeader); 
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n"); // 请求头信息发送结束标志 
bufferedWriter.flush(); 

四、接受HTTP响应并解析内容,写入创建好的文件

// 准备接受HTTP响应头并解析 
CustomDataInputStream input = new CustomDataInputStream(socket.getInputStream()); 
File myFile = new File(fileInfo.getStoreLocation() + File.separator + fileInfo.getFileName()); 
String content = null; 
HttpResponseHeaderParser responseHeader = new HttpResponseHeaderParser(); 
BufferedOutputStream output = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(myFile)); 
boolean hasData = false; 
while((content = input.readHttpResponseHeaderLine()) != null) { 
  System.out.println("response header contect -->> " + content); 
  responseHeader.addResponseHeaderLine(content); 
  if(content.length() == 0) { 
    hasData = true; 
  } 
  if(hasData) { 
    int totalBytes = responseHeader.getFileLength(); 
    if(totalBytes == 0) break; // no response body and data 
    int offset = 0; 
    byte[] myData = null; 
    if(totalBytes >= 2048) { 
      myData = new byte[2048]; 
    } else { 
      myData = new byte[totalBytes]; 
    } 
    int numOfBytes = 0; 
    while((numOfBytes = input.read(myData, 0, myData.length)) > 0 && offset < totalBytes) { 
      offset += numOfBytes; 
      float p = ((float)offset) / ((float)totalBytes) * 100.0f; 
      if(offset > totalBytes) { 
        numOfBytes = numOfBytes + totalBytes - offset; 
        p = 100.0f; 
      } 
      output.write(myData, 0, numOfBytes); 
      updateStatus(p); 
    } 
    hasData = false; 
    break; 
  } 
} 

简单的HTTP响应头解析类HttpResponseHeaderParser代码如下:

package com.gloomyfish.socket.tutorial.http.download; 
 
import java.util.HashMap; 
import java.util.Map; 
 
/** 
 * it can parse entity header, response head 
 * and response line <status code, CharSet, ect...> 
 * refer to RFC2616,关于HTTP响应头,请看RFC文档,描写的很详细啊!! 
 */ 
public class HttpResponseHeaderParser { 
  public final static String CONTENT_LENGTH = "Content-Length"; 
  public final static String CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type"; 
  public final static String ACCEPT_RANGES = "Accetp-Ranges"; 
   
  private Map<String, String> headerMap; 
  public HttpResponseHeaderParser() { 
    headerMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
  } 
  /** 
   * <p> get the response header key value pair </p> 
   * @param responseHeaderLine 
   */ 
  public void addResponseHeaderLine(String responseHeaderLine) { 
    if(responseHeaderLine.contains(":")) { 
      String[] keyValue = responseHeaderLine.split(": "); 
      if(keyValue[0].equalsIgnoreCase(CONTENT_LENGTH)) { 
        headerMap.put(CONTENT_LENGTH, keyValue[1]); 
      } else if(keyValue[0].equalsIgnoreCase(CONTENT_TYPE)) { 
        headerMap.put(CONTENT_TYPE, keyValue[1]); 
      } else { 
        headerMap.put(keyValue[0], keyValue[1]); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
   
  public int getFileLength() { 
    if(headerMap.get(CONTENT_LENGTH) == null){ 
      return 0; 
    } 
    return Integer.parseInt(headerMap.get(CONTENT_LENGTH)); 
  } 
   
  public String getFileType() { 
    return headerMap.get(CONTENT_TYPE); 
  } 
  public Map<String, String> getAllHeaders() { 
    return headerMap; 
  } 
 
} 

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习java程序设计有所帮助。

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