Linux系统上Nginx+Python的web.py与Django框架环境
投稿：goldensun
这篇文章主要介绍了Linux系统上Nginx+Python的web.py与Django框架环境,文中使用fastcgi作为连接,需要的朋友可以参考下
1.编译nginx
在网上买了一本《实战nginx-取代Apache的高性能服务器》，写的比较浅，主要是些配置方面的东西，不过却正是目前我所需要的。由于需要支持https和rewrite，所以除了nginx的源码之外，又下载了 openssl-0.9.8r.tar.gz 和 pcre-8.12.tar.gz，把他们和nginx-1.0.4.tar.gz放到同一个目录。
为了方便编译，笔者写了一个脚本，代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
#=============================================================================
#脚本所在绝对目录
abs_path(){
local path=$1
local basename=$( basename $path )
local dirname=$( dirname $path )
cd $dirname
if [ -h $basename ]; then
path=$( readlink $basename )
abs_path $path
else
pwd
fi
}
#=============================================================================
#依赖的目录
src_base_dir=$( abs_path $0 )
src_openssl_dir=$src_base_dir'/openssl-0.9.8r'
src_pcre_dir=$src_base_dir'/pcre-8.12'
src_nginx_dir=$src_base_dir'/nginx-1.0.4'
#=============================================================================
#目标的目录
dest_base_dir=$src_base_dir'/release'
dest_nginx_dir=$dest_base_dir'/nginx'
#=============================================================================
#把所有的tar.gz解压
find . -name "*.tar.gz" | xargs -IX tar zxvf X
#=============================================================================
#编译nginx
cd $src_nginx_dir
chmod u+x ./configure
./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=$src_openssl_dir --with-pcre=$src_pcre_dir --prefix=$dest_nginx_dir
make && make install
2.配置nginx
在server配置项下增加
location / {
#这两种方法都可以，只不过spawn-cgi启动的方法不同
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9002;
fastcgi_pass unix:webpy.sock;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
}
这里的3个location配置分别解决了，与python进程通信、django后台管理端样式存放、网站样式存放的问题。对照着apache的配置来看，就很容易明白了
WSGIPythonEggs /tmp <VirtualHost *> ServerName fuload.qq.com WSGIScriptAlias / /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/conf/setting.wsgi <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <Directory "/home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/mysite"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from all </Directory> Alias /admin_media "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/media" <Directory "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/media"> Order allow,deny Options Indexes Allow from all IndexOptions FancyIndexing </Directory> #AliasMatch /site_media/(.*\.(css|gif|png|jpg|jpeg)) /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/$1 Alias /site_media /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/ <Directory "/home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/"> Order allow,deny Options Indexes Allow from all IndexOptions FancyIndexing </Directory> </VirtualHost>
3.安装fastcgi依赖
需要到 http://trac.saddi.com/flup下载安装，之后fastcgi才能够正常启动。
4.启动django
创建django project的过程我们就不说了，只列出启动/停止的命令:
启动:
#python manage.py runfcgi daemonize=true pidfile=`pwd`/django.pid host=127.0.0.1 port=9001 maxrequests=1 & python manage.py runfcgi daemonize=true pidfile=`pwd`/django.pid socket=/home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/django.sock maxrequests=1 &
停止:
kill -9 `cat django.pid`
启动nginx
启动:
./nginx -p /home/dantezhu/nginx/
停止:
kill -QUIT `cat ../logs/nginx.pid`
重新载入配置:
./nginx -t -c `pwd`/../conf/nginx.conf kill -HUP `cat ../logs/nginx.pid`
成功显示了django的后台界面:
PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP1
5.部署web.py版
安装依赖
spawn-cgi
flup
配置nginx
在server配置项下增加
location / {
#这两种方法都可以，只不过spawn-cgi启动的方法不同
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9002;
fastcgi_pass unix:webpy.sock;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
}
一个简单的index.py
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import web
urls = ("/.*", "hello")
app = web.application(urls, globals())
class hello:
def GET(self):
return 'Hello, world!'
if __name__ == "__main__":
web.wsgi.runwsgi = lambda func, addr=None: web.wsgi.runfcgi(func, addr)
app.run()
并执行:
chmod +x index.py
.启动web.py
启动:
#spawn-fcgi -P `pwd`/webpy.pid -f /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/index.py -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9002 & spawn-fcgi -P `pwd`/webpy.pid -f /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/index.py -s /home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/webpy.sock &
停止:
kill -9 `cat webpy.pid`
启动nginx
加入到rc.local中，自动启动
/home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/start.sh sudo -u dantezhu /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_django/mysite/start.sh sudo -u dantezhu /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/start.sh