C#创建不规则窗体的4种方式详解
作者:Alexis
现在,C#创建不规则窗体不是一件难事,下面总结一下:
一、自定义窗体
一般为规则的图形,如圆、椭圆等。
做法:重写Form1_Paint事件(Form1是窗体的名字),最简单的一种情况如下:
System.Drawing.Drawing2D.GraphicsPath shape = new System.Drawing.Drawing2D.GraphicsPath(); shape.AddEllipse(0,0,this.Height, this.Width); this.Region = new Region(shape);
即重绘窗体的规则。
二、利用背景图片实现
1. 设置窗体的背景图片,其中背景图片是24位(不包括24)以下的位图(BMP图片),并且要设置TansparencyKey的值,一般为你背景图片的背景色,即创建不规则图片时的底色,一般设为你图片中没有的颜色。
这种做法的不好的地方就是背景图片一定要16位或者更低的,而且还要确保客户端的显示。如果监视器的颜色深度设置大于 24 位,则不管 TransparencyKey 属性是如何设置的,窗体的非透明部分都会产生显示问题。若要避免出现这种问题,请确保“显示”控制面板中的监视器颜色深度的设置小于 24 位。当开发具有这种透明功能的应用程序时,请牢记应使您的用户意识到此问题。
实现步骤如下:
1. 新建windows application
2. 选择窗体,找到BackgroundImage属性,点击打开新的窗口,选择下面的导入资源文件,选择你的不规则的BMP图片
3. 找到窗体的TansparencyKey,将它设置为你背景图片的背景色(如黄色)
4. 找到窗体的FormBorderStyle,将其设置为none,即不显示标题栏
5. 运行
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2. 跟背景图片一样的图形,不过是动态加载,遍历位图以实现不规则窗体。它的原理是这样的,在Form的load事件中写方法使得窗体的描绘区域发生改变。
实现步骤如下:
1. 建立winform应用程序
2. 找到窗体的Load事件,双击进行编辑
3. 编写方法,主要的代码如下:
class BitmapRegion { public BitmapRegion() { } /// <summary> /// Create and apply the region on the supplied control /// 创建支持位图区域的控件(目前有button和form) /// </summary> /// <param name="control">The Control object to apply the region to控件</param> /// <param name="bitmap">The Bitmap object to create the region from位图</param> public static void CreateControlRegion(Control control, Bitmap bitmap) { // Return if control and bitmap are null //判断是否存在控件和位图 if (control == null || bitmap == null) return; // Set our control''s size to be the same as the bitmap //设置控件大小为位图大小 control.Width = bitmap.Width; control.Height = bitmap.Height; // Check if we are dealing with Form here //当控件是form时 if (control is System.Windows.Forms.Form) { // Cast to a Form object //强制转换为FORM Form form = (Form)control; // Set our form''s size to be a little larger that the bitmap just // in case the form''s border style is not set to none in the first place //当FORM的边界FormBorderStyle不为NONE时,应将FORM的大小设置成比位图大小稍大一点 form.Width = control.Width; form.Height = control.Height; // No border //没有边界 form.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None; // Set bitmap as the background image //将位图设置成窗体背景图片 form.BackgroundImage = bitmap; // Calculate the graphics path based on the bitmap supplied //计算位图中不透明部分的边界 GraphicsPath graphicsPath = CalculateControlGraphicsPath(bitmap); // Apply new region //应用新的区域 form.Region = new Region(graphicsPath); } // Check if we are dealing with Button here //当控件是button时 else if (control is System.Windows.Forms.Button) { // Cast to a button object //强制转换为 button Button button = (Button)control; // Do not show button text //不显示button text button.Text = ""; // Change cursor to hand when over button //改变 cursor的style button.Cursor = Cursors.Hand; // Set background image of button //设置button的背景图片 button.BackgroundImage = bitmap; // Calculate the graphics path based on the bitmap supplied //计算位图中不透明部分的边界 GraphicsPath graphicsPath = CalculateControlGraphicsPath(bitmap); // Apply new region //应用新的区域 button.Region = new Region(graphicsPath); } } /// <summary> /// Calculate the graphics path that representing the figure in the bitmap /// excluding the transparent color which is the top left pixel. /// //计算位图中不透明部分的边界 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap">The Bitmap object to calculate our graphics path from</param> /// <returns>Calculated graphics path</returns> private static GraphicsPath CalculateControlGraphicsPath(Bitmap bitmap) { // Create GraphicsPath for our bitmap calculation //创建 GraphicsPath GraphicsPath graphicsPath = new GraphicsPath(); // Use the top left pixel as our transparent color //使用左上角的一点的颜色作为我们透明色 Color colorTransparent = bitmap.GetPixel(0, 0); // This is to store the column value where an opaque pixel is first found. // This value will determine where we start scanning for trailing opaque pixels. //第一个找到点的X int colOpaquePixel = 0; // Go through all rows (Y axis) // 偏历所有行(Y方向) for (int row = 0; row < bitmap.Height; row++) { // Reset value //重设 colOpaquePixel = 0; // Go through all columns (X axis) //偏历所有列(X方向) for (int col = 0; col < bitmap.Width; col++) { // If this is an opaque pixel, mark it and search for anymore trailing behind //如果是不需要透明处理的点则标记,然后继续偏历 if (bitmap.GetPixel(col, row) != colorTransparent) { // Opaque pixel found, mark current position //记录当前 colOpaquePixel = col; // Create another variable to set the current pixel position //建立新变量来记录当前点 int colNext = col; // Starting from current found opaque pixel, search for anymore opaque pixels // trailing behind, until a transparent pixel is found or minimum width is reached ///从找到的不透明点开始,继续寻找不透明点,一直到找到或则达到图片宽度 for (colNext = colOpaquePixel; colNext < bitmap.Width; colNext++) if (bitmap.GetPixel(colNext, row) == colorTransparent) break; // Form a rectangle for line of opaque pixels found and add it to our graphics path //将不透明点加到graphics path graphicsPath.AddRectangle(new Rectangle(colOpaquePixel, row, colNext - colOpaquePixel, 1)); // No need to scan the line of opaque pixels just found col = colNext; } } } // Return calculated graphics path return graphicsPath; } }
4.运行
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三、调用类库实现
主要就是根据一些坐标,然后根据这些坐标绘制窗体
代码如下:
public Form3() { InitializeComponent(); //创建不规则窗体 POINTAPI[] poin; poin = new POINTAPI[5]; poin[0].x = 90; poin[0].y = 90; poin[1].x = this.Width; poin[1].y = 0; poin[2].x = Width; poin[2].y = this.Height / 2; poin[3].x = Width / 2; poin[3].y = Height / 2; poin[4].x = 0; poin[4].y = Width; Boolean flag = true; IntPtr hRgn = CreatePolygonRgn(ref poin[0], 8, 1); SetWindowRgn(this.Handle, hRgn, ref flag); this.BackColor = Color.BurlyWood; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct POINTAPI { internal int x; internal int y; } [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr CreatePolygonRgn(ref POINTAPI lpPoint,int nCount,int nPolyFillMode); [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern IntPtr SetWindowRgn(IntPtr hWnd,IntPtr hRgn, ref Boolean bRedraw); //设置窗体显示状态 [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int SetWindowPos(IntPtr hwnd,int hWndInsertAfter,int x,int y,int cx,int cy,int wFlags); private void Start_Btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {//始终显示在前面 SetWindowPos(this.Handle, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1); } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //最小化始终显示在前面 SetWindowPos(this.Handle, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); }
当然,我们也可以自定义窗体的动作,如按着某个轨迹一定,下面的代码中的BackgroundForm程序中就小试了一下,效果还不错,下面是这些程序的效果图:
代码是.Net 2.0的,也可以转换为其他版本的,只要运行主程序即可。
以上的四种方法有利也有弊,希望大家提意见或者更好的解决方案。