C#自写的一个HTML解析类（类似XElement语法）
投稿：junjie
这篇文章主要介绍了C#自写的一个HTML解析类（类似XElement语法）,本文给出了实现代码和使用实例,同时给出了测试HTML实例,需要的朋友可以参考下
功能：
1、轻松获取指元素HTML元素。
2、可以根据属性标签进行筛选
3、返回的都是Llist强类型无需转换
用过XElement的都知道 用来解析XML非常的方便，但是对于HTML的格式多样化实在是没办法兼容。
所以我就写了这么一个类似XElement的 XHTMLElement
用法：
string filePath = Server.MapPath("~/file/test.htm");
//获取HTML代码
string mailBody = FileHelper.FileToString(filePath);
XHtmlElement xh = new XHtmlElement(mailBody);
//获取body的子集a标签并且class="icon"
var link = xh.Descendants("body").ChildDescendants("a").Where(c => c.Attributes.Any(a => a.Key == "class" && a.Value == "icon")).ToList();
//获取带href的a元素
var links = xh.Descendants("a").Where(c => c.Attributes.Any(a => a.Key == "href")).ToList();
foreach (var r in links)
{
Response.Write(r.Attributes.Single(c => c.Key == "href").Value); //出输href
}
//获取第一个img
var img = xh.Descendants("img");
//获取最近的第一个p元素以及与他同一级的其它p元素
var ps = xh.Descendants("p");
代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
namespace SyntacticSugar
{
/// <summary>
/// ** 描述：html解析类
/// ** 创始时间：2015-4-23
/// ** 修改时间：-
/// ** 作者：sunkaixuan
/// ** qq：610262374 欢迎交流,共同提高 ,命名语法等写的不好的地方欢迎大家的给出宝贵建议
/// </summary>
public class XHtmlElement
{
private string _html;
public XHtmlElement(string html)
{
_html = html;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取最近的相同层级的HTML元素
/// </summary>
/// <param name="elementName">等于null为所有元素</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<HtmlInfo> Descendants(string elementName = null)
{
if (_html == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("html不能这空！");
}
var allList = RootDescendants(_html);
var reval = allList.Where(c => elementName == null || c.TagName.ToLower() == elementName.ToLower()).ToList();
if (reval == null || reval.Count == 0)
{
reval = GetDescendantsSource(allList, elementName);
}
return reval;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取第一级元素
/// </summary>
/// <param name="elementName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<HtmlInfo> RootDescendants(string html = null)
{
/*
* 业务逻辑:
* 1、获取第一个html标签一直找结尾标签，如果在这个过程中遇到相同的标签收尾标签就要加1
* 2、第一个标签取到后继续第一步操作，找第2个元素 。。第N个元素
*/
if (html == null) html = _html;
var firstTag = Regex.Match(html, "<.+?>");
List<string> eleList = new List<string>();
List<HtmlInfo> reval = new List<HtmlInfo>();
GetElementsStringList(html, ref eleList);
foreach (var r in eleList)
{
HtmlInfo data = new HtmlInfo();
data.OldFullHtml = r;
data.SameLeveHtml = html;
data.TagName = Regex.Match(r, @"(?<=\s{1}|\<)[a-z,A-Z]+(?=\>|\s)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).Value;
data.InnerHtml = Regex.Match(r, @"(?<=\>).+(?=<)", RegexOptions.Singleline).Value;
var eleBegin = Regex.Match(r, "<.+?>").Value;
var attrList = Regex.Matches(eleBegin, @"[a-z,A-Z]+\="".+?""").Cast<Match>().Select(c => new { key = c.Value.Split('=').First(), value = c.Value.Split('=').Last().TrimEnd('"').TrimStart('"') }).ToList();
data.Attributes = new Dictionary<string, string>();
if (attrList != null && attrList.Count > 0)
{
foreach (var a in attrList)
{
data.Attributes.Add(a.key, a.value);
}
}
reval.Add(data);
}
return reval;
}
#region private
private List<HtmlInfo> GetDescendantsSource(List<HtmlInfo> allList, string elementName)
{
foreach (var r in allList)
{
if (r.InnerHtml == null || !r.InnerHtml.Contains("<")) continue;
var childList = RootDescendants(r.InnerHtml).Where(c => elementName == null || c.TagName.ToLower() == elementName.ToLower()).ToList();
if (childList == null || childList.Count == 0)
{
childList = GetDescendantsSource(RootDescendants(r.InnerHtml), elementName);
if (childList != null && childList.Count > 0)
return childList;
}
else
{
return childList;
}
}
return null;
}
private void GetElementsStringList(string html, ref List<string> eleList)
{
HtmlInfo info = new HtmlInfo();
info.TagName = Regex.Match(html, @"(?<=\<\s{0,5}|\<)([a-z,A-Z]+|h\d{1})(?=\>|\s)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).Value;
string currentTagBeginReg = @"<\s{0,10}" + info.TagName + @".*?>";//获取当前标签元素开始标签正则
string currentTagEndReg = @"\<\/" + info.TagName + @"\>";//获取当前标签元素收尾标签正则
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(info.TagName)) return;
string eleHtml = "";
//情况1 <a/>
//情况2 <a></a>
//情况3 <a> 错误格式
//情况4endif
if (Regex.IsMatch(html, @"<\s{0,10}" + info.TagName + "[^<].*?/>"))//单标签
{
eleHtml = Regex.Match(html, @"<\s{0,10}" + info.TagName + "[^<].*?/>").Value;
}
else if (!Regex.IsMatch(html, currentTagEndReg))//没有收尾
{
if (Regex.IsMatch(html, @"\s{0,10}\<\!\-\-\[if"))
{
eleHtml = GetElementString(html, @"\s{0,10}\<\!\-\-\[if", @"\[endif\]\-\-\>", 1);
}
else
{
eleHtml = Regex.Match(html, currentTagBeginReg,RegexOptions.Singleline).Value;
}
}
else
{
eleHtml = GetElementString(html, currentTagBeginReg, currentTagEndReg, 1);
}
try
{
eleList.Add(eleHtml);
html = html.Replace(eleHtml, "");
html = Regex.Replace(html, @"<\!DOCTYPE.*?>", "");
if (!Regex.IsMatch(html, @"^\s*$"))
{
GetElementsStringList(html, ref eleList);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("SORRY,您的HTML格式不能解析！！！");
}
}
private string GetElementString(string html, string currentTagBeginReg, string currentTagEndReg, int i)
{
string newHtml = GetRegNextByNum(html, currentTagBeginReg, currentTagEndReg, i);
var currentTagBeginMatches = Regex.Matches(newHtml, currentTagBeginReg, RegexOptions.Singleline).Cast<Match>().Select(c => c.Value).ToList();
var currentTagEndMatches = Regex.Matches(newHtml, currentTagEndReg).Cast<Match>().Select(c => c.Value).ToList();
if (currentTagBeginMatches.Count == currentTagEndMatches.Count)
{ //两个签标元素相等
return newHtml;
}
return GetElementString(html, currentTagBeginReg, currentTagEndReg, ++i);
}
private string GetRegNextByNum(string val, string currentTagBeginReg, string currentTagEndReg, int i)
{
return Regex.Match(val, currentTagBeginReg + @"((.*?)" + currentTagEndReg + "){" + i + "}?", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Singleline).Value;
}
#endregion
}
public static class XHtmlElementExtendsion
{
/// <summary>
/// 获取最近的相同层级的HTML元素
/// </summary>
/// <param name="elementName">等于null为所有元素</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<HtmlInfo> Descendants(this IEnumerable<HtmlInfo> htmlInfoList, string elementName = null)
{
var html = htmlInfoList.First().InnerHtml;
XHtmlElement xhe = new XHtmlElement(html);
return xhe.Descendants(elementName);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取下级元素
/// </summary>
/// <param name="elementName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<HtmlInfo> ChildDescendants(this IEnumerable<HtmlInfo> htmlInfoList, string elementName = null)
{
var html = htmlInfoList.First().InnerHtml;
XHtmlElement xhe = new XHtmlElement(html);
return xhe.RootDescendants(html).Where(c => elementName == null || c.TagName == elementName).ToList();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取父级
/// </summary>
/// <param name="htmlInfoList"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<HtmlInfo> ParentDescendant(this IEnumerable<HtmlInfo> htmlInfoList,string fullHtml)
{
var saveLeveHtml = htmlInfoList.First().SameLeveHtml;
string replaceGuid=Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
fullHtml = fullHtml.Replace(saveLeveHtml,replaceGuid);
var parentHtml = Regex.Match(fullHtml, @"<[^<]+?>[^<]*?" + replaceGuid + @".*?<\/.+?>").Value;
parentHtml = parentHtml.Replace(replaceGuid, saveLeveHtml);
XHtmlElement xhe = new XHtmlElement(parentHtml);
return xhe.RootDescendants();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// html信息类
/// </summary>
public class HtmlInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 元素名
/// </summary>
public string TagName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 元素属性
/// </summary>
public Dictionary<string, string> Attributes { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 元素内部html
/// </summary>
public string InnerHtml { get; set; }
public string OldFullHtml { get; set; }
public string SameLeveHtml { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 得到元素的html
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string FullHtml
{
get
{
StringBuilder reval = new StringBuilder();
string attributesString = string.Empty;
if (Attributes != null && Attributes.Count > 0)
{
attributesString = string.Join(" ", Attributes.Select(c => string.Format("{0}=\"{1}\"", c.Key, c.Value)));
}
reval.AppendFormat("<{0} {2}>{1}</{0}>", TagName, InnerHtml, attributesString);
return reval.ToString();
}
}
}
}
前台HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <a id="1">我是1</a> <a id="2" class="icon">icon</a> <img /> </body> </html>