在Python的Flask框架中实现单元测试的教程

rm app.db
./db_create.py

del app.db
flask/Scripts/python db_create.py

lalchemy.exc.IntegrityError
IntegrityError: (IntegrityError) column nickname is not unique u'UPDATE user SET nickname=?, about_me=? WHERE user.id = ?' (u'dup', u'', 2)

#!flask/bin/python
from app import app
app.run(debug = False)

./runp.py

@app.errorhandler(404)
def internal_error(error):
  return render_template('404.html'), 404
 
@app.errorhandler(500)
def internal_error(error):
  db.session.rollback()
  return render_template('500.html'), 500

<!-- extend base layout -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block content %}
<h1>File Not Found</h1>
<p><a href="{{url_for('index')}}">Back</a></p>
{% endblock %}

<!-- extend base layout -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block content %}
<h1>An unexpected error has occurred</h1>
<p>The administrator has been notified. Sorry for the inconvenience!</p>
<p><a href="{{url_for('index')}}">Back</a></p>
{% endblock %}

# mail server settings
MAIL_SERVER = 'localhost'
MAIL_PORT = 25
MAIL_USERNAME = None
MAIL_PASSWORD = None
 
# administrator list
ADMINS = ['you@example.com']

from config import basedir, ADMINS, MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT, MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD
 
if not app.debug:
  import logging
  from logging.handlers import SMTPHandler
  credentials = None
  if MAIL_USERNAME or MAIL_PASSWORD:
    credentials = (MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD)
  mail_handler = SMTPHandler((MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT), 'no-reply@' + MAIL_SERVER, ADMINS, 'microblog failure', credentials)
  mail_handler.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
  app.logger.addHandler(mail_handler)

python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer localhost:25

if not app.debug:
  import logging
  from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
  file_handler = RotatingFileHandler('tmp/microblog.log', 'a', 1 * 1024 * 1024, 10)
  file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s [in %(pathname)s:%(lineno)d]'))
  app.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
  file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
  app.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
  app.logger.info('microblog startup')

if user is None:
    nickname = resp.nickname
    if nickname is None or nickname == "":
      nickname = resp.email.split('@')[0]
    nickname = User.make_unique_nickname(nickname)
    user = User(nickname = nickname, email = resp.email, role = ROLE_USER)
    db.session.add(user)
    db.session.commit()

class User(db.Model):
  # ...
  @staticmethod
  def make_unique_nickname(nickname):
    if User.query.filter_by(nickname = nickname).first() == None:
      return nickname
    version = 2
    while True:
      new_nickname = nickname + str(version)
      if User.query.filter_by(nickname = new_nickname).first() == None:
        break
      version += 1
    return new_nickname
  # ...

 
class EditForm(Form):
  nickname = TextField('nickname', validators = [Required()])
  about_me = TextAreaField('about_me', validators = [Length(min = 0, max = 140)])
 
  def __init__(self, original_nickname, *args, **kwargs):
    Form.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
    self.original_nickname = original_nickname
 
  def validate(self):
    if not Form.validate(self):
      return False
    if self.nickname.data == self.original_nickname:
      return True
    user = User.query.filter_by(nickname = self.nickname.data).first()
    if user != None:
      self.nickname.errors.append('This nickname is already in use. Please choose another one.')
      return False
    return True

@app.route('/edit', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def edit():
  form = EditForm(g.user.nickname)
  # ...

<td>Your nickname:</td>
    <td>
      {{form.nickname(size = 24)}}
      {% for error in form.errors.nickname %}
      <br><span style="color: red;">[{{error}}]</span>
      {% endfor %}
    </td>

#!flask/bin/python
import unittest
 
from config import basedir
from app import app, db
from app.models import User
 
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
  def setUp(self):
    app.config['TESTING'] = True
    app.config['CSRF_ENABLED'] = False
    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'test.db')
    self.app = app.test_client()
    db.create_all()
 
  def tearDown(self):
    db.session.remove()
    db.drop_all()
 
  def test_avatar(self):
    u = User(nickname = 'john', email = 'john@example.com')
    avatar = u.avatar(128)
    expected = 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d4c74594d841139328695756648b6bd6'
    assert avatar[0:len(expected)] == expected
 
  def test_make_unique_nickname(self):
    u = User(nickname = 'john', email = 'john@example.com')
    db.session.add(u)
    db.session.commit()
    nickname = User.make_unique_nickname('john')
    assert nickname != 'john'
    u = User(nickname = nickname, email = 'susan@example.com')
    db.session.add(u)
    db.session.commit()
    nickname2 = User.make_unique_nickname('john')
    assert nickname2 != 'john'
    assert nickname2 != nickname
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  unittest.main()

./tests.py