javascript开发随笔3 开发iframe富文本编辑器的一点体会
作者：
前段时间有个需求是开发富文本编辑器，这个之前随做过，但看了需求，发现有些地方还需google
就把遇到的问题记录一下。写这篇文章时用的TinyMCE编辑器就很强大，但毕竟是第三方的，项目也考虑了这些，如果做些自定义的东西不太方便。
1. 判断光标位置的元素（或者选中的部分）的样式。光标位置改变的时候更新工具栏对应按钮的样式。什么情况下光标的位置会改变呢？是键盘方向键和鼠标点击，于是就判断键盘事件和鼠标事件来执行光标移动的处理。
a. 获得光标位置或选中元素：首先getSelection，创建range。然后获得元素，获取到元素之后就可以或得样式、tagName等等，做更多的操作,运行代码：
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
p{width:600px;text-align: left;text-indent:2em;line-height:20px;font-size:12px}
textarea{width:600px;height:100px;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display:block;height:150px; font-size:12px;line-height:150%">信息</span>
<script type="text/javascript">
function createEditor(){
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = 'iframe';
iframe.frameBorder = 1;
iframe.width = 400;
iframe.height = 200;
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
return iframe;
}
var bind = function(element,eventType,fn,useCapture){
useCapture = useCapture || false;
if(arguments.length < 3){
return true
};
if(window.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(eventType, fn, useCapture);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+eventType,fn, useCapture);
}
}
//from 司徒正美
var css = document.defaultView ? function(el,style){
return document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(el, null).getPropertyValue(style)
} : function(el,style){
style = style.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function($, $1){
return $1.toUpperCase();
});
return el.currentStyle[style];
}
function bindEditor(){
var iframe = createEditor();
var ifr_win = iframe.contentWindow;
var ifr_doc = ifr_win.document;
var editorContent = '<span style="font-family: 黑体; font-weight: bold;">阿四大四大四</span>大<span style="font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">四大四大打算</span>打打<span style="font-style: italic; color: #ff0000;">双打萨斯</span>大师';
ifr_doc.designMode='On';//可编辑
ifr_doc.contentEditable = true;
ifr_doc.open();
ifr_doc.writeln('<html><head><style type="text/css">body{padding:10px;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-family:宋体;text-align:left;overflow:auto;word-wrap: break-word;cursor:text;background-color: transparent; }body,p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;}p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;margin:0;padding:0}a{color:#548DD4}</style></head><body>'+ editorContent +'</body></html>');
ifr_doc.close();
var getRange = function(){
var range = window.getSelection ? ifr_win.getSelection() : ifr_win.document.selection;
if (!range) {
return {
node : null,
range : null,
text : null
};
}
range = range.createRange ? range.createRange() : range.getRangeAt(0);
var text = window.getSelection ? range : range.text;
var rangeNode = null;
if (range.commonAncestorContainer) {
rangeNode = range.commonAncestorContainer;
} else {
if (range.parentElement) rangeNode = range.parentElement();
}
return {
node : rangeNode,
range : range,
text : text
}
}
var info = document.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
var getStyle = function(node){
//console.log(node)
var html = '';
html+= '<span style="font-family:'+ css(node,'font-family') +'">字体:'+ css(node,'font-family') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="color:'+ css(node,'color') +'">颜色：'+ css(node,'color') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-style:'+ css(node,'font-style') +'">斜体：'+ css(node,'font-style') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-weight:'+ css(node,'font-weight') +'">粗体：'+ css(node,'font-weight') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="text-decoration:'+ css(node,'text-decoration') +'">下划线：'+ css(node,'text-decoration') + '</span><br />';
html+= 'tagName:'+ node.tagName + ',style:'+ node.getAttribute('style') +'<br />';
info.innerHTML = html;
}
//当光标位置改变时候执行
var onselectionchange = function(event){
var e = event || window.event;
if(!e.keyCode)e.keyCode = e.which;
//方向键移动光标,获取光标位置的dom
if((e.keyCode >= 37 && e.keyCode <= 40 )|| e.type == "click"){
var node = getRange().node;//获取光标位置元素
if(node !== null){
while(node.nodeType != 1){
node = node.parentNode;
}
getStyle(node);
}
}
}
bind(ifr_doc,'click',onselectionchange,false);
bind(ifr_doc,'keydown',onselectionchange,false);
}
window.onload = function(){
bindEditor();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2. ie不能保持光标位置，这个是在添加超链接时候出现的问题，当不使用浏览器内置的输入框，光标移动其他的文本域里，ie会失去所选中的部分，无法对选中的部分加链接了，解决办法就是：利用range的getBookmark和moveToBookmark，然后给iframe的document绑定onbeforedeactivate(getBookmark)、onactivate（moveTo），这2个事件的大致意思就是，当被激活和失去激活状态。增加事件之后，就不必保存lastRang或者再其他地方设置bookmark了，可以让ie像其他浏览器一样自动保持光标位置了
if(Util.browser.msie){
Util.bind(this.E.ifr_win.document, "beforedeactivate", function(){
var Rng = _self.getRange().range;
_self.rangeBookMark= Rng.getBookmark();
});
Util.bind(this.E.ifr_win.document, "activate", function(){
var Rng = _self.getRange().range;
Rng.moveToBookmark(_self.rangeBookMark);
Rng.select();
_self.rangeBookMark = null;
});
}
3. ie中的撤销与重做 。 当iframe外部有弹出窗口、或者修改html撤销、重做功能将失效。只能归为ie的bug了。。。。也许ie没分清iframe和页面的document，把他们的撤销、重做混道义了。
如下：
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
p{width:600px;text-align: left;text-indent:2em;line-height:20px;font-size:12px}
textarea{width:600px;height:100px;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display:block;height:150px; font-size:12px;line-height:150%">信息</span>
<div id="J_tool">
<input type="button" command="Undo" value="撤销" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Redo" value="重做" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Bold" value="粗体" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Italic" value="斜体" unselectable="on" />
</div>
<br />
<input type="button" onclick="changeLayout()" value="点击下，ie将无法撤销、重做" />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function changeLayout(){
var popwin = document.getElementById('popwin');
if(!popwin){
popwin = document.createElement('div');
popwin.id = 'popwin';
popwin.style.cssText = 'display:none;width:300px;height:150px;background-color:#ccc;position:absolute;left:0;top:0px;text-align:center;line-height:150px;';
popwin.innerHTML = '改变了layoud渲染，ie将无法撤销、重做';
document.body.appendChild(popwin);
popwin.onclick= function(){this.style.display = 'none'};
}
popwin.style.display = popwin.style.display == 'none' ? 'block' : 'none';
}
function createEditor(){
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = 'iframe';
iframe.frameBorder = 1;
iframe.width = 400;
iframe.height = 200;
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
return iframe;
}
var bind = function(element,eventType,fn,useCapture){
useCapture = useCapture || false;
if(arguments.length < 3){
return true
};
if(window.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(eventType, fn, useCapture);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+eventType,fn, useCapture);
}
}
//from 司徒正美
var css = document.defaultView ? function(el,style){
return document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(el, null).getPropertyValue(style)
} : function(el,style){
style = style.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function($, $1){
return $1.toUpperCase();
});
return el.currentStyle[style];
}
function bindEditor(){
var iframe = createEditor();
var ifr_win = iframe.contentWindow;
var ifr_doc = ifr_win.document;
var editorContent = '<span style="font-family: 黑体; font-weight: bold;">阿四大四大四</span>大<span style="font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">四大四大打算</span>打打<span style="font-style: italic; color: #ff0000;">双打萨斯</span>大师';
ifr_doc.designMode='On';//可编辑
ifr_doc.contentEditable = true;
ifr_doc.open();
ifr_doc.writeln('<html><head><style type="text/css">body{padding:10px;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-family:宋体;text-align:left;overflow:auto;word-wrap: break-word;cursor:text;background-color: transparent; }body,p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;}p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;margin:0;padding:0}a{color:#548DD4}</style></head><body>'+ editorContent +'</body></html>');
ifr_doc.close();
var getRange = function(){
var range = window.getSelection ? ifr_win.getSelection() : ifr_win.document.selection;
if (!range) {
return {
node : null,
range : null,
text : null
};
}
range = range.createRange ? range.createRange() : range.getRangeAt(0);
var text = window.getSelection ? range : range.text;
var rangeNode = null;
if (range.commonAncestorContainer) {
rangeNode = range.commonAncestorContainer;
} else {
if (range.parentElement) rangeNode = range.parentElement();
}
return {
node : rangeNode,
range : range,
text : text
}
}
var info = document.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
var getStyle = function(node){
//console.log(node)
var html = '';
html+= '<span style="font-family:'+ css(node,'font-family') +'">字体:'+ css(node,'font-family') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="color:'+ css(node,'color') +'">颜色：'+ css(node,'color') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-style:'+ css(node,'font-style') +'">斜体：'+ css(node,'font-style') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-weight:'+ css(node,'font-weight') +'">粗体：'+ css(node,'font-weight') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="text-decoration:'+ css(node,'text-decoration') +'">下划线：'+ css(node,'text-decoration') + '</span><br />';
html+= 'tagName:'+ node.tagName + ',style:'+ node.getAttribute('style') +'<br />';
info.innerHTML = html;
}
//当光标位置改变时候执行
var onselectionchange = function(event){
var e = event || window.event;
if(!e.keyCode)e.keyCode = e.which;
//方向键移动光标,获取光标位置的dom
if((e.keyCode >= 37 && e.keyCode <= 40 )|| e.type == "click"){
var node = getRange().node;//获取光标位置元素
if(node !== null){
while(node.nodeType != 1){
node = node.parentNode;
}
getStyle(node);
}
}
}
bind(ifr_doc,'click',onselectionchange,false);
bind(ifr_doc,'keydown',onselectionchange,false);
bind(document.getElementById('J_tool'),'click',function(event){
event = event || window.event;
var target = event.srcElement || event.target;
var command = target.getAttribute('command');
var param = target.getAttribute('param') || '';
ifr_doc.execCommand(command,false,param);
return false;
})
}
window.onload = function(){
bindEditor();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
如何解决呢？ 只能依靠javascript模拟撤销与重做了。网络这方面的资源还是不少的，就不在此详细说明了
1. 判断光标位置的元素（或者选中的部分）的样式。光标位置改变的时候更新工具栏对应按钮的样式。什么情况下光标的位置会改变呢？是键盘方向键和鼠标点击，于是就判断键盘事件和鼠标事件来执行光标移动的处理。
a. 获得光标位置或选中元素：首先getSelection，创建range。然后获得元素，获取到元素之后就可以或得样式、tagName等等，做更多的操作,运行代码：
复制代码 代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
p{width:600px;text-align: left;text-indent:2em;line-height:20px;font-size:12px}
textarea{width:600px;height:100px;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display:block;height:150px; font-size:12px;line-height:150%">信息</span>
<script type="text/javascript">
function createEditor(){
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = 'iframe';
iframe.frameBorder = 1;
iframe.width = 400;
iframe.height = 200;
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
return iframe;
}
var bind = function(element,eventType,fn,useCapture){
useCapture = useCapture || false;
if(arguments.length < 3){
return true
};
if(window.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(eventType, fn, useCapture);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+eventType,fn, useCapture);
}
}
//from 司徒正美
var css = document.defaultView ? function(el,style){
return document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(el, null).getPropertyValue(style)
} : function(el,style){
style = style.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function($, $1){
return $1.toUpperCase();
});
return el.currentStyle[style];
}
function bindEditor(){
var iframe = createEditor();
var ifr_win = iframe.contentWindow;
var ifr_doc = ifr_win.document;
var editorContent = '<span style="font-family: 黑体; font-weight: bold;">阿四大四大四</span>大<span style="font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">四大四大打算</span>打打<span style="font-style: italic; color: #ff0000;">双打萨斯</span>大师';
ifr_doc.designMode='On';//可编辑
ifr_doc.contentEditable = true;
ifr_doc.open();
ifr_doc.writeln('<html><head><style type="text/css">body{padding:10px;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-family:宋体;text-align:left;overflow:auto;word-wrap: break-word;cursor:text;background-color: transparent; }body,p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;}p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;margin:0;padding:0}a{color:#548DD4}</style></head><body>'+ editorContent +'</body></html>');
ifr_doc.close();
var getRange = function(){
var range = window.getSelection ? ifr_win.getSelection() : ifr_win.document.selection;
if (!range) {
return {
node : null,
range : null,
text : null
};
}
range = range.createRange ? range.createRange() : range.getRangeAt(0);
var text = window.getSelection ? range : range.text;
var rangeNode = null;
if (range.commonAncestorContainer) {
rangeNode = range.commonAncestorContainer;
} else {
if (range.parentElement) rangeNode = range.parentElement();
}
return {
node : rangeNode,
range : range,
text : text
}
}
var info = document.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
var getStyle = function(node){
//console.log(node)
var html = '';
html+= '<span style="font-family:'+ css(node,'font-family') +'">字体:'+ css(node,'font-family') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="color:'+ css(node,'color') +'">颜色：'+ css(node,'color') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-style:'+ css(node,'font-style') +'">斜体：'+ css(node,'font-style') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-weight:'+ css(node,'font-weight') +'">粗体：'+ css(node,'font-weight') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="text-decoration:'+ css(node,'text-decoration') +'">下划线：'+ css(node,'text-decoration') + '</span><br />';
html+= 'tagName:'+ node.tagName + ',style:'+ node.getAttribute('style') +'<br />';
info.innerHTML = html;
}
//当光标位置改变时候执行
var onselectionchange = function(event){
var e = event || window.event;
if(!e.keyCode)e.keyCode = e.which;
//方向键移动光标,获取光标位置的dom
if((e.keyCode >= 37 && e.keyCode <= 40 )|| e.type == "click"){
var node = getRange().node;//获取光标位置元素
if(node !== null){
while(node.nodeType != 1){
node = node.parentNode;
}
getStyle(node);
}
}
}
bind(ifr_doc,'click',onselectionchange,false);
bind(ifr_doc,'keydown',onselectionchange,false);
}
window.onload = function(){
bindEditor();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2. ie不能保持光标位置，这个是在添加超链接时候出现的问题，当不使用浏览器内置的输入框，光标移动其他的文本域里，ie会失去所选中的部分，无法对选中的部分加链接了，解决办法就是：利用range的getBookmark和moveToBookmark，然后给iframe的document绑定onbeforedeactivate(getBookmark)、onactivate（moveTo），这2个事件的大致意思就是，当被激活和失去激活状态。增加事件之后，就不必保存lastRang或者再其他地方设置bookmark了，可以让ie像其他浏览器一样自动保持光标位置了
复制代码 代码如下:
if(Util.browser.msie){
Util.bind(this.E.ifr_win.document, "beforedeactivate", function(){
var Rng = _self.getRange().range;
_self.rangeBookMark= Rng.getBookmark();
});
Util.bind(this.E.ifr_win.document, "activate", function(){
var Rng = _self.getRange().range;
Rng.moveToBookmark(_self.rangeBookMark);
Rng.select();
_self.rangeBookMark = null;
});
}
3. ie中的撤销与重做 。 当iframe外部有弹出窗口、或者修改html撤销、重做功能将失效。只能归为ie的bug了。。。。也许ie没分清iframe和页面的document，把他们的撤销、重做混道义了。
如下：
复制代码 代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
p{width:600px;text-align: left;text-indent:2em;line-height:20px;font-size:12px}
textarea{width:600px;height:100px;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display:block;height:150px; font-size:12px;line-height:150%">信息</span>
<div id="J_tool">
<input type="button" command="Undo" value="撤销" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Redo" value="重做" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Bold" value="粗体" unselectable="on" />
<input type="button" command="Italic" value="斜体" unselectable="on" />
</div>
<br />
<input type="button" onclick="changeLayout()" value="点击下，ie将无法撤销、重做" />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function changeLayout(){
var popwin = document.getElementById('popwin');
if(!popwin){
popwin = document.createElement('div');
popwin.id = 'popwin';
popwin.style.cssText = 'display:none;width:300px;height:150px;background-color:#ccc;position:absolute;left:0;top:0px;text-align:center;line-height:150px;';
popwin.innerHTML = '改变了layoud渲染，ie将无法撤销、重做';
document.body.appendChild(popwin);
popwin.onclick= function(){this.style.display = 'none'};
}
popwin.style.display = popwin.style.display == 'none' ? 'block' : 'none';
}
function createEditor(){
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = 'iframe';
iframe.frameBorder = 1;
iframe.width = 400;
iframe.height = 200;
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
return iframe;
}
var bind = function(element,eventType,fn,useCapture){
useCapture = useCapture || false;
if(arguments.length < 3){
return true
};
if(window.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(eventType, fn, useCapture);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+eventType,fn, useCapture);
}
}
//from 司徒正美
var css = document.defaultView ? function(el,style){
return document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(el, null).getPropertyValue(style)
} : function(el,style){
style = style.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function($, $1){
return $1.toUpperCase();
});
return el.currentStyle[style];
}
function bindEditor(){
var iframe = createEditor();
var ifr_win = iframe.contentWindow;
var ifr_doc = ifr_win.document;
var editorContent = '<span style="font-family: 黑体; font-weight: bold;">阿四大四大四</span>大<span style="font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">四大四大打算</span>打打<span style="font-style: italic; color: #ff0000;">双打萨斯</span>大师';
ifr_doc.designMode='On';//可编辑
ifr_doc.contentEditable = true;
ifr_doc.open();
ifr_doc.writeln('<html><head><style type="text/css">body{padding:10px;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-family:宋体;text-align:left;overflow:auto;word-wrap: break-word;cursor:text;background-color: transparent; }body,p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;}p,font,div,ul,li {line-height: 1.5;margin:0;padding:0}a{color:#548DD4}</style></head><body>'+ editorContent +'</body></html>');
ifr_doc.close();
var getRange = function(){
var range = window.getSelection ? ifr_win.getSelection() : ifr_win.document.selection;
if (!range) {
return {
node : null,
range : null,
text : null
};
}
range = range.createRange ? range.createRange() : range.getRangeAt(0);
var text = window.getSelection ? range : range.text;
var rangeNode = null;
if (range.commonAncestorContainer) {
rangeNode = range.commonAncestorContainer;
} else {
if (range.parentElement) rangeNode = range.parentElement();
}
return {
node : rangeNode,
range : range,
text : text
}
}
var info = document.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
var getStyle = function(node){
//console.log(node)
var html = '';
html+= '<span style="font-family:'+ css(node,'font-family') +'">字体:'+ css(node,'font-family') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="color:'+ css(node,'color') +'">颜色：'+ css(node,'color') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-style:'+ css(node,'font-style') +'">斜体：'+ css(node,'font-style') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="font-weight:'+ css(node,'font-weight') +'">粗体：'+ css(node,'font-weight') + '</span><br />';
html+= '<span style="text-decoration:'+ css(node,'text-decoration') +'">下划线：'+ css(node,'text-decoration') + '</span><br />';
html+= 'tagName:'+ node.tagName + ',style:'+ node.getAttribute('style') +'<br />';
info.innerHTML = html;
}
//当光标位置改变时候执行
var onselectionchange = function(event){
var e = event || window.event;
if(!e.keyCode)e.keyCode = e.which;
//方向键移动光标,获取光标位置的dom
if((e.keyCode >= 37 && e.keyCode <= 40 )|| e.type == "click"){
var node = getRange().node;//获取光标位置元素
if(node !== null){
while(node.nodeType != 1){
node = node.parentNode;
}
getStyle(node);
}
}
}
bind(ifr_doc,'click',onselectionchange,false);
bind(ifr_doc,'keydown',onselectionchange,false);
bind(document.getElementById('J_tool'),'click',function(event){
event = event || window.event;
var target = event.srcElement || event.target;
var command = target.getAttribute('command');
var param = target.getAttribute('param') || '';
ifr_doc.execCommand(command,false,param);
return false;
})
}
window.onload = function(){
bindEditor();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
如何解决呢？ 只能依靠javascript模拟撤销与重做了。网络这方面的资源还是不少的，就不在此详细说明了