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SQL Server2008中删除重复记录的方法分享

2011-10-31 23:30:37 作者：

在Database中可能由于某种原因如用户输入,导入数据失败等导致了重复记录. 如果你没有用主键,约束,或来其它机制实现数据完整性,那最后总是重复记录在你的数据库中.

现在让我们来看在SQL SERVER 2008中如何删除这些记录, 首先,可以模拟造一些简单重复记录:

 
Create Table dbo.Employee ( 
[Id] int Primary KEY , 
[Name] varchar(50), 
[Age] int, 
[Sex] bit default 1 
) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(1,'James',25,default) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(2,'James',25,default) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(3,'James',25,default) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(4,'Lisa',24,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(5,'Lisa',24,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(6,'Lisa',24,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(7,'Mirsa',23,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(8,'Mirsa',23,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(9,'Mirsa',23,0) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(10,'John',26,default) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(11,'Abraham',28,default) 
Insert Into Employee ([Id] , [Name] , [Age] , [Sex] ) Values(12,'Lincoln',30,default) 

OK,首先我们使用最常见的方法:

Delete From Employee Where Name in (select NameFrom Employee Group By Name Having Count(Name)>1);
接着使用RowNumber():

Delete T From( Select Row_Number() Over(Partition By [Name] Order By (SELECT 0)) As RowNumber,* From Employee) TWhere T.RowNumber > 1;

还可以使用CTE (Common Table Expressions):

复制代码代码如下:

 
With Dups as 
( 
select ROW_NUMBER() Over(Partition by [Name] Order by (SELECT 0)) as rn 
FROM Employee 
) 
Delete From Dups 
Where rn>1; 

再加上RANK()的CTE:

复制代码代码如下:

 
WITH Dups As 
( 
Select [ID],[Name],[Age],[Sex] 
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(Partition By [Name] Order By (SELECT 0)) AS rn 
,RANK() OVER(Partition By [Name] Order By (SELECT 0)) AS rnk 
FROM Employee 
) 
DELETE FROM Dups 
WHERE rn<>rnk; 

下面是这四个T-SQL查询的执行计划:

你可以看到没有用CTE的方法开销最大, 主要是在Table Spool, 这里开销了44%, Table Spool 是一个物理运算符。

Table Spool 运算符扫描输入，并将各行的一个副本放入隐藏的假脱机表中，此表存储在 tempdb 数据库中并且仅在查询的生存期内存在。如果重绕该运算符（例如通过 Nested Loops 运算符重绕），但不需要任何重新绑定，则将使用假脱机数据，而不用重新扫描输入。
注意上面的方法只是在重复记录比较少的情况下, 如果重复记录多. DELETE将会非常慢, 最好的方法是复制目标数据到另一个新表,删除原来的表,重命名新表为原来的表. 或用临时表, 这样还可以减少数据库事务日志. 看下面的T-SQL:

复制代码代码如下:

 
WITH Dups As 
( 
Select [ID],[Name],[Age],[Sex] 
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(Partition By [ID] Order By (SELECT 0)) AS rn 
FROM Employee 
) 
Select [ID],[Name],[Age],[Sex] 
INTO dbo.EmployeeDupsTmp 
FROM Dups 
WHERE rn=1 
DROP TABLE dbo.Employee; 
EXEC sp_rename 'dbo.EmployeeDupsTmp','Employee' 

希望这篇POST对您开发有帮助.作者：Petter Liu

SQL Server2008中删除重复记录的方法分享

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