MyBatis多表关联查询的实现示例
作者:Java Fans
一对多查询
一对多关联查询是指在查询一方对象的时候,同时将其所关联的多方对象也都查询出来。下面以班级 Classes 与学生 Student 间的一对多关系为例进行演示。一个班级有多个学生,一个学生只属于一个班级。数据库 student 表里面有个字段 classno 是外键,对应主键表 Class 的主键 cid。
项目案例:查询班级号为 1801 的班级,同时遍历该班级的所有的学生信息
实现步骤:
【1】在 MySQL 中创建数据库 studentdb,创建表 student 和classes,并添加若干测试用的数据记录,SQL 语句如下:
CREATE DATABASE studentdb; USE studentdb ; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student ; CREATE TABLE student ( id INT(11) NOT NULL, studentname VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL, gender CHAR(2) DEFAULT NULL, age INT(11) DEFAULT NULL, classno VARCHAR(10), PRIMARY KEY ( id ) ) INSERT INTO student ( id , studentname , gender , age , classno ) VALUES (1,'张飞','男',18,'201801'),(2,'李白','男',20,'201801'),(3,'张无忌','男',19,'201801'),(4,'赵敏','女',17,'201801'); CREATE TABLE classes ( cid VARCHAR (30), cname VARCHAR (60) ); INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('201801','计算机软件1班'); INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('201802','计算机软件2班');
【2】创建实体类 Classes 和 Student 类
Student 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.entity; import lombok.Data; @Data public class Student { private String sid; private String sname; private String sex; private Integer age; //添加额外属性:所在班级 private Classes classes; public String show(){ return "学生编号:"+getSid()+",学生姓名:"+getSname()+",学生性别:"+getSex()+",学生年龄:"+getAge(); } }
Classes 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.entity; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Classes { private String cid; private String cname; //添加额外属性 private List<Student> students; public String show(){ return "班级编号:"+getCid()+",班级名称:"+getCname()+",班级学生:"; } }
【3】创建 ClassesMapper.java 接口,并添加 findClassesById 方法
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Classes; public interface ClassesMapper { Classes findClassesById(String id); }
【4】创建 ClassesMapper.xml 映射文件,有以下两种方式:
方式一:多表连接查询方式
这种方式只用到1条 SQL 语句,代码如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my01.mapper.ClassesMapper"> <!--方式一:多表连接查询方式,只用到 1条SQL语句--> <resultMap id="classResultMap" type="classes"> <id property="cid" column="cid"/> <result property="cname" column="cname"/> <!--关联属性的映射关系--> <collection property="students" ofType="Student"> <id property="sid" column="id"/> <result property="sname" column="studentname"/> <result property="sex" column="gender"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findClassesById" resultMap="classResultMap"> select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and classes.cid=#{cid} </select> </mapper>
注意: 在 <resultMap/> 中,如果字段名与属性名相同时,可以在 <resultMap/> 中添加 autoMapping=“true” 来开启自动映射。
另外,在 “一方” 的映射文件中使用 <collection/> 标签体现出两个实体对象间的关联关系。其两个属性的解释如下:
- property:指定关联属性,即 Class 类中的集合属性 students。
- ofType:集合属性的泛型类型,即 Student。
方式二:多表单独查询方式
多表连接查询方式是将多张表进行连接,连为一张表后进行查询。其查询的本质是一张表。而多表单独查询方式是多张表各自查询各自的相关内容,需要多张表的联合数据,再将主表的查询结果联合其它表的查询结果,封装为一个对象。
多个查询是可以跨越多个映射文件的,即是可以跨越多个namespace 的。在使用其它 namespace 的查询时,添加上其所在的 namespace 即可。这种方式要用到2条 SQL 语句,代码如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my01.mapper.ClassesMapper"> <!--方式二:多表单独查询方式,也就是分步查询--> <resultMap id="classResultMap2" type="classes"> <id property="cid" column="cid"/> <result property="cname" column="cname"/> <!--关联属性的映射关系--> <collection property="students" ofType="Student"> <id property="sid" column="id"/> <result property="sname" column="studentname"/> <result property="sex" column="gender"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> </collection> </resultMap> <!-- 以下注释部分属于方式二: 多表单独查询方式 --> <resultMap id="studentResultMap" type="student"> <id property="sid" column="id" /> <result property="sname" column="studentname" /> <result property="sex" column="gender" /> <result property="age" column="age" /> </resultMap> <resultMap id="classesResultMap" type="classes"> <id property="cid" column="cid" /> <result property="cname" column="cname" /> <!-- 关联属性的映射关系 --> <!-- 集合的数据来自指定的select查询,该select查询的动态参数来自column指定的字段值 --> <collection property="students" ofType="Student" select="selectStudentsByClasses" column="cid"/> </resultMap> <!-- 多表单独查询,查多方的表 --> <select id="selectStudentsByClasses" resultMap="studentResultMap"> select * from student where calssno=#{cid} </select> <!-- 多表单独查询,查一方的表 --> <select id="findClassesById" parameterType="String" resultMap="classesResultMap"> select cid,cname from classes where cid=#{cid} </select> </mapper>
【5】创建 ClassesMapperTest 测试类,并添加如下方法:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Classes; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class ClassesMapperTest{ SqlSessionFactory factory=null; @Before public void init(){ try { System.out.println("########"); InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml"); factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void testFindClassesById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); ClassesMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassesMapper.class); Classes classesById = mapper.findClassesById("201801"); System.out.println(classesById.show()); List<Student> students = classesById.getStudents(); for (Student student : students) { System.out.println(student.show()); } } }
方式一:多表连接查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and classes.cid=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 201801(String) DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 4 班级编号:201801,班级名称:计算机软件1班,班级学生: 学生编号:1,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18 学生编号:2,学生姓名:李白,学生性别:男,学生年龄:20 学生编号:3,学生姓名:张无忌,学生性别:男,学生年龄:19 学生编号:4,学生姓名:赵敏,学生性别:女,学生年龄:17
可以发现,只有一条 SQL 语句,并且是多表联查。
方式二:多表单独查询方式测试结果:
2023-02-15 10:56:49,965 [main] DEBUG DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname from classes where cid=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 201801(String) DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from student where classno=? DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters: 201801(String) DEBUG [main] - <==== Total: 4 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1 班级编号:201801,班级名称:计算机软件1班,班级学生: 学生编号:1,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18 学生编号:2,学生姓名:李白,学生性别:男,学生年龄:20 学生编号:3,学生姓名:张无忌,学生性别:男,学生年龄:19 学生编号:4,学生姓名:赵敏,学生性别:女,学生年龄:17
可以发现,其 SQL 语句是两条,即各查各的,共用同一个参数。第 1 条先查一方的表,第 2 条再查多方的表。
多对一查询
多对一关联查询是指在查询多方对象的时候,同时将其所关联的一方对象也查询出来。
由于在查询多方对象时也是一个一个查询,所以多对一关联查询,其实就是一对一关联查询。即一对一关联查询的实现方式与多对一的实现方式是相同的。 配置多对一关联的重点在于“多方”的映射文件要有 <association> 属性关联“一方”。
项目案例: 查询学号为1的学生,同时获取他所在班级的完整信息
实现步骤:
【1】创建 StudentMapper.java 接口,并添加方法 searchStudentsById(int id) 如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; public interface StudentMapper { public Student searchStudentsById(int id); }
【2】创建 StudentMapper.xml 映射文件,有以下两种方式:
方式一:多表联合查询。
<!-- 多表联合查询 --> <resultMap id="studentResultMapper" type="student"> <id property="sid" column="id" /> <result property="sname" column="studentname" /> <result property="sex" column="gender" /> <result property="age" column="age" /> <!-- 关联属性 --> <association property="classes" javaType="classes"> <id property="cid" column="cid" /> <result property="cname" column="cname" /> </association> </resultMap> <!-- 多表连接查询 --> <select id="searchStudentsById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentResultMapper"> select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and student.id=#{id} </select>
方式二:多表单独查询。
<!-- 以下注释的是方式二:多表单独查询 --> <resultMap id="studentResultMap2" type="student"> <id property="sid" column="id" /> <result property="sname" column="studentname" /> <result property="sex" column="gender" /> <result property="age" column="age" /> <!-- 关联属性 --> <association property="classes" javaType="classes" select="findClassesById" column="classno"/> </resultMap> <select id="searchStudentsById" resultMap="studentResultMap2"> select id,studentname,gender,age,classno from student where id=#{id} </select> <select id="findClassesById" parameterType="String" resultType="classes"> select cid,cname from classes where cid=#{cid} </select>
【3】创建 StudentMapperTest 测试类,并添加如下方法:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Classes; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; public class StudentMapperTest { SqlSessionFactory factory=null; @Before public void init(){ try { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml"); factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void testSearchStudentsById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); Student student = mapper.searchStudentsById(1); System.out.println(student.show()); System.out.println("所在班级:"); Classes classes=student.getClasses(); System.out.println(classes.toString()); } }
方式一:多表联合查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and student.id=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Integer) DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1 学生编号:1,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18 所在班级: Classes(cid=201801, cname=计算机软件1班, students=null)
可以发现,它发出的 SQL 语句是多表查询。
方式一:多表单独查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select id,studentname,gender,age,classno from student where id=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Integer) DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select cid,cname from classes where cid=? DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters: 201801(String) DEBUG [main] - <==== Total: 1 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1 学生编号:1,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18 所在班级: Classes(cid=201801, cname=计算机软件1班, students=null)
可以发现,它发出的 SQL 语句是两条,即各查各的,共用同一个参数。
自连接查询
自连接的查询可以用一对多来处理,也可以用多对一来处理。例如,员工表,每个员工都有一个上司,但上司同时也是员工表的一条记录,这种情况可用自连接查询出每个员工对应的上司信息,也可以查出每个上司有哪些下属员工。
使用多对一的方式实现自连接
项目案例:查询员工的信息及对应的上司信息。
思路分析: 可将员工当做多方,上司当做一方。
实现步骤:
【1】修改数据库。
添加一个表 employee 并插入测试数据,具体如下:
create table employee ( empid double , empname varchar (60), job varchar (60), leader double ); insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('1','jack','clerk','3'); insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('2','mike','salesman','3'); insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('3','john','manager','4'); insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('4','smith','president',NULL); insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('5','rose','salesman','3');
【2】创建实体类 Employee,代码如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.entity; public class Employee { private int empid; private String empname; private String job; private Employee leader; public int getEmpid() { return empid; } public void setEmpid(int empid) { this.empid = empid; } public String getEmpname() { return empname; } public void setEmpname(String empname) { this.empname = empname; } public String getJob() { return job; } public void setJob(String job) { this.job = job; } public Employee getLeader() { return leader; } public void setLeader(Employee leader) { this.leader = leader; } public String toString(){ return "员工编号:"+getEmpid()+",员工姓名:"+getEmpname()+",员工职位:"+getJob(); } }
可以发现,里面存在着嵌套,Employee 里面的一个属性 leader 本身就是 Employee 类型。
【3】创建 EmployeeMapper.java 接口,添加 findEmployeeAndLeaderById 方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Employee; public interface EmployeeMapper { Employee findEmployeeAndLeaderById(int id); }
【4】创建 EmployeeMapper.xml 映射文件,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my01.mapper.EmployeeMapper"> <resultMap id="empResultMap" type="employee"> <id property="empid" column="empid" /> <result property="empname" column="empname" /> <result property="job" column="job" /> <association property="leader" javaType="Employee" select="findEmployeeAndLeaderById" column="leader"/> </resultMap> <select id="findEmployeeAndLeaderById" parameterType="int" resultMap="empResultMap"> select * from employee where empid=#{empid} </select> </mapper>
【5】创建 EmployeeMapperTest.java 测试类
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Classes; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Employee; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Scanner; public class EmployeeMapperTest { SqlSessionFactory factory=null; @Before public void init(){ try { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml"); factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void testFindEmployeeAndLeaderById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class); Employee employee=mapper.findEmployeeAndLeaderById(1); Employee leader=employee.getLeader(); System.out.println(employee.toString()); System.out.println("他的上司是:"+leader.toString()); //System.out.println("他的上司的上司是:"+leader.getLeader().toString()); } }
测试结果: 查询员工
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Integer) DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=? DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters: 3(Integer) DEBUG [main] - ======> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=? DEBUG [main] - ======> Parameters: 4(Integer) DEBUG [main] - <====== Total: 1 DEBUG [main] - <==== Total: 1 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1 员工编号:1,员工姓名:jack,员工职位:clerk 他的上司是:员工编号:3,员工姓名:john,员工职位:manager
从上面的 SQL 语句中发现,出现了 3 条 SQL 语句,这个查询存在嵌套,先查员工1,然后查他的直接上司3,再查上司的上司4。这种情况不影响什么,甚至可以实现直接输出上司的上司,但要注意输出语句不要出现地柜,即输出语句不要出现输出上司。
要同时查上司的上司,只需要在上面的测试类中多加一条语句:
System.out.println("他的上司的上司是:"+leader.getLeader().toString());
使用一对多的方式实现自连接
项目案例:查询某位领导及其直接下属员工。
思路分析: 可用一对多的方式来实现,员工(领导)当作一方,员工(下属)当作多方。
实现步骤:
【1】修改实体类 Employee,代码如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.entity; import java.util.List; public class Employee { private int empid; private String empname; private String job; //员工的上司 private Employee leader; //员工的下属 private List<Employee> employees; public List<Employee> getEmployees() { return employees; } public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) { this.employees = employees; } public int getEmpid() { return empid; } public void setEmpid(int empid) { this.empid = empid; } public String getEmpname() { return empname; } public void setEmpname(String empname) { this.empname = empname; } public String getJob() { return job; } public void setJob(String job) { this.job = job; } public Employee getLeader() { return leader; } public void setLeader(Employee leader) { this.leader = leader; } public String toString(){ return "员工编号:"+getEmpid()+",员工姓名:"+getEmpname()+",员工职位:"+getJob(); } }
【2】在 EmployeeMapper.java 接口中,添加 findLeaderAndEmployeesById 方法如下:
Employee findLeaderAndEmployeesById(int id);
【3】在 EmployeeMapper.xml 映射文件中,添加 findEmployeeAndLeaderById 的映射方法内容如下:
<!-- 一对多的方式实现自连接 --> <resultMap id="empResultMap2" type="employee"> <id property="empid" column="empid" /> <result property="empname" column="empname" /> <result property="job" column="job" /> <!-- 关联属性的映射关系 集合的数据来自指定的select查询,该select查询的动态参数来自column指定的字段值 --> <collection property="employees" ofType="employee" select="selectEmployeesByLeader" column="empid"/> </resultMap> <select id="selectEmployeesByLeader" resultType="employee"> select * from employee where leader=#{empid} </select> <select id="findLeaderAndEmployeesById" parameterType="int" resultMap="empResultMap2"> select * from employee where empid=#{empid} </select>
【4】在 EmployeeMapperTest.java 测试类中,添加如下内容:
@Test public void testTestFindLeaderAndEmployeesById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class); Employee leader=mapper.findLeaderAndEmployeesById(4); List<Employee> employees = leader.getEmployees(); System.out.println(leader.toString()); System.out.println("他的直接下属有:"); for (Employee employee : employees) { System.out.println(employee.toString()); } }
测试结果: 查询经理
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 4(Integer) DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from employee where leader=? DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters: 4.0(Double) DEBUG [main] - <==== Total: 1 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1 员工编号:4,员工姓名:smith,员工职位:president 他的直接下属有: 员工编号:3,员工姓名:john,员工职位:manager
多对多查询
原理: 多对多可以分拆成两个一对多来处理,需要一个中间表,各自与中间表实现一对多的关系。
项目案例:一个学生可以选人修多门课程,一门课程可以给多个学生选修,课程与学生之间是典型的多对多。实现查询一个学生信息,同时查出他的所有选修课,还有实现查询一门课程信息,同时查出所有的选修了该课程的学生信息。
思路分析: 多对多需要第三表来体现,数据库中除了课程表,学生表,还需要学生课程表。
实现步骤:
【1】修改数据库,代码如下:
CREATE DATABASE studentdb; USE studentdb ; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student ; CREATE TABLE student ( id INT(11) NOT NULL, studentname VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL, gender CHAR(2) DEFAULT NULL, age INT(11) DEFAULT NULL, classno VARCHAR(10), PRIMARY KEY ( id ) ) INSERT INTO student ( id , studentname , gender , age , classno ) VALUES (1,'张飞','男',18,'201801'),(2,'李白','男',20,'201801'),(3,'张无忌','男',19,'201801'),(4,'赵敏','女',17,'201801'); CREATE TABLE classes ( cid VARCHAR (30), cname VARCHAR (60) ); INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('201801','计算机软件1班'); INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('201802','计算机软件2班'); CREATE TABLE employee ( empid DOUBLE , empname VARCHAR (60), job VARCHAR (60), leader DOUBLE ); INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('1','jack','clerk','3'); INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('2','mike','salesman','3'); INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('3','john','manager','4'); INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('4','smith','president',NULL); INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('5','rose','salesman','3'); CREATE TABLE course ( courseid DOUBLE , coursename VARCHAR (90) ); INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('1','java'); INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('2','android'); INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('3','PHP'); CREATE TABLE studentcourse ( id DOUBLE , studentid DOUBLE , courseid DOUBLE ); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('1','1','1'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('2','1','2'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('3','2','1'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('4','2','2'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('5','3','1'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('6','3','2'); INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('7','1','3');
【2】新增实体类 Course 和修改实体类 Student 。
Course 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.entity; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Course { private int courseid; private String coursename; private List<Student> students; public String toString(){ return "课程编号:"+getCourseid()+",课程名称:"+getCoursename(); } }
Student类如下,添加一个属性courses和getter,setter方法。
private List<Course> courses; public List<Course> getCourses() { return courses; } public void setCourses(List<Course> courses) { this.courses = courses; }
【3】新建 StudentMapper.java 接口,并添加一个方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; public interface StudentMapper { public Student searchStudentById(int id); }
【4】配置对应的 StudentMapper.xml 映射,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my01.mapper.StudentMapper"> <resultMap id="studentMap2" type="student"> <id property="sid" column="id" /> <result property="sname" column="studentname" /> <result property="sex" column="gender" /> <result property="age" column="age" /> <!-- 关联属性的映射关系 --> <collection property="courses" ofType="Course"> <id property="courseid" column="courseid" /> <result property="coursename" column="coursename" /> </collection> </resultMap> <!-- 多表连接查询 --> <select id="searchStudentById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap2"> select student.id,studentname,gender,age,course.courseid,coursename from course,student,studentcourse where course.courseid=studentcourse.courseid and student.id=studentcourse.studentid and student.id=#{id} </select> </mapper>
【5】创建测试类 StudentMapperTest 类
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Classes; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Course; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class StudentMapperTest { SqlSessionFactory factory=null; @Before public void init(){ try { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml"); factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void testSearchStudentsById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); Student student = mapper.searchStudentById(1); System.out.println(student.show()); System.out.println("-----该生选修了以下课程:-----------"); List<Course> courses=student.getCourses(); for(Course course:courses){ System.out.println(course.toString()); } } }
测试结果:
【6】新建 CourseMapper.java 接口,并添加一个方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Course; public interface CourseMapper { //根据id查找课程,即时获取选个性该课程的学生 public Course searchCourseById(int id); }
【7】配置对应的 CourseMapper.xml 映射,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my01.mapper.CourseMapper"> <resultMap id="courseMap" type="course"> <id property="courseid" column="courseid" /> <result property="coursename" column="coursename" /> <!-- 关联属性的映射关系 --> <collection property="students" ofType="Student"> <id property="sid" column="id" /> <result property="sname" column="studentname" /> <result property="sex" column="gender" /> <result property="age" column="age" /> </collection> </resultMap> <!-- 多表连接查询 --> <select id="searchCourseById" parameterType="int" resultMap="courseMap"> select student.id,studentname,gender,age,course.courseid,coursename from course,student,studentcourse where course.courseid=studentcourse.courseid and student.id=studentcourse.studentid and course.courseid=#{courseid} </select> </mapper>
【8】创建测试类 CourseMapperTest 类
package cn.kgc.my01.mapper; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Course; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Employee; import cn.kgc.my01.entity.Student; import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class CourseMapperTest{ SqlSessionFactory factory=null; @Before public void init(){ try { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml"); factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void testSearchCourseById() { SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); CourseMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CourseMapper.class); Course course = mapper.searchCourseById(1); System.out.println(course.toString()); System.out.println("-------该课程有以下学生选修:------"); List<Student> students=course.getStudents(); for(Student student:students){ System.out.println(student.show()); } } }
测试效果:
到此这篇关于MyBatis多表关联查询的实现示例的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关MyBatis多表关联查询内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!