一文了解Java Log框架彻底搞懂Log4J,Log4J2,LogBack,SLF4J

// 使用log4j，需要log4j.jar
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
Logger logger_log4j = Logger.getLogger(Test.class);
logger_log4j.info("Hello World!");

// 使用log4j2，需要log4j-api.jar、log4j-core.jar
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
Logger logger_log4j2 = LogManager.getLogger(Test.class);
logger_log4j2.info("Hello World!");

// logback，需要logback-classic.jar、logback-core.jar
import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
Logger logger_logback = new LoggerContext().getLogger(Test.class);
logger_logback.info("Hello World!");

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Test.class);
logger.info("Hello World!")

	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
		<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
		<version>2.17.2</version>
	</dependency>
		
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
		<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
		<version>2.17.2</version>
	</dependency>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="LogToConsole" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
    </Appenders>
    <Loggers>
        <Logger name="com.malaoshi" level="debug" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Logger>
        <Root level="error">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

public class HelloWorld {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(HelloWorld.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        logger.debug("Hello from Log4j 2");

        // in old days, we need to check the log level to increase performance
        /*if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("{}", getNumber());
        }*/

        // with Java 8, we can do this, no need to check the log level
        logger.debug("{}", () -> getNumber());

    }

    static int getNumber() {
        return 5;
    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!--日志级别以及优先级排序: OFF > FATAL > ERROR > WARN > INFO > DEBUG > TRACE > ALL -->
 <!--Configuration后面的status，这个用于设置log4j2自身内部的信息输出，可以不设置，当设置成trace时，你会看到log4j2内部各种详细输出-->
 <!--monitorInterval：Log4j能够自动检测修改配置 文件和重新配置本身，设置间隔秒数-->
 <configuration status="WARN" monitorInterval="30">
     <!--先定义所有的appender-->
     <appenders>
     <!--这个输出控制台的配置-->
         <console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
         <!--输出日志的格式-->
             <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>
         </console>
     <!--文件会打印出所有信息，这个log每次运行程序会自动清空，由append属性决定，这个也挺有用的，适合临时测试用-->
     <File name="log" fileName="log/test.log" append="false">
        <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{36} %L %M - %msg%xEx%n"/>
     </File>
     <!-- 这个会打印出所有的info及以下级别的信息，每次大小超过size，则这size大小的日志会自动存入按年份-月份建立的文件夹下面并进行压缩，作为存档-->
         <RollingFile name="RollingFileInfo" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/info.log"
                      filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
             <!--控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息（onMatch），其他的直接拒绝（onMismatch）-->        
             <ThresholdFilter level="info" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
             <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>
             <Policies>
                 <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
                 <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
             </Policies>
         </RollingFile>
         <RollingFile name="RollingFileWarn" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/warn.log"
                      filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
             <ThresholdFilter level="warn" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
             <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>
             <Policies>
                 <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
                 <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
             </Policies>
         <!-- DefaultRolloverStrategy属性如不设置，则默认为最多同一文件夹下7个文件，这里设置了20 -->
             <DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20"/>
         </RollingFile>
         <RollingFile name="RollingFileError" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/error.log"
                      filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
             <ThresholdFilter level="error" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
             <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>
             <Policies>
                 <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
                 <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
             </Policies>
         </RollingFile>
     </appenders>
     <!--然后定义logger，只有定义了logger并引入的appender，appender才会生效-->
     <loggers>
         <!--过滤掉spring和mybatis的一些无用的DEBUG信息-->
         <logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO"></logger>
         <logger name="org.mybatis" level="INFO"></logger>
         <root level="all">
             <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
             <appender-ref ref="RollingFileInfo"/>
             <appender-ref ref="RollingFileWarn"/>
             <appender-ref ref="RollingFileError"/>
         </root>
     </loggers>
 </configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="DEBUG">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="LogToConsole" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
    </Appenders>
    <Loggers>
		<!-- avoid duplicated logs with additivity=false -->
        <Logger name="com.mkyong" level="debug" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Logger>
        <Root level="error">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="DEBUG">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="LogToConsole" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
        <File name="LogToFile" fileName="logs/app.log">
            <PatternLayout>
                <Pattern>%d %p %c{1.} [%t] %m%n</Pattern>
            </PatternLayout>
        </File>
    </Appenders>
    <Loggers>
        <Logger name="com.malaoshi" level="debug" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToFile"/>
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Logger>
        <Logger name="org.springframework.boot" level="error" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Logger>
        <Root level="error">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToFile"/>
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

<Configuration status="DEBUG">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="LogToConsole" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
        <RollingFile name="LogToRollingFile" fileName="logs/app.log"
                    filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/app-%d{MM-dd-yyyy}-%i.log.gz">
			<PatternLayout>
				<Pattern>%d %p %c{1.} [%t] %m%n</Pattern>
			</PatternLayout>
			<Policies>
				<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy />
				<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB"/>
			</Policies>
		</RollingFile>
    </Appenders>
	
    <Loggers>
        <!-- avoid duplicated logs with additivity=false -->
        <Logger name="com.malaoshi" level="debug" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToRollingFile"/>
        </Logger>
        <Root level="error">
            <AppenderRef ref="LogToConsole"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>