SpringBoot实现MQTT消息发送和接收方式
作者:LoveDR_1995
这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot实现MQTT消息发送和接收方式,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教
Spring integration交互逻辑
对于发布者:
1.消息通过消息网关发送出去,由 MessageChannel
的实例 DirectChannel
处理发送的细节。
2.DirectChannel
收到消息后,内部通过 MessageHandler
的实例 MqttPahoMessageHandler
发送到指定的 Topic。
对于订阅者:
1.通过注入 MessageProducerSupport
的实例 MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter
,实现订阅 Topic 和绑定消息消费的 MessageChannel
。
2.同样由 MessageChannel
的实例 DirectChannel
处理消费细节。
Channel 消息后会发送给我们自定义的 MqttInboundMessageHandler
实例进行消费。
可以看到整个处理的流程和前面将的基本一致。Spring Integration 就是抽象出了这么一套消息通信的机制,具体的通信细节由它集成的中间件来决定
1、maven依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-integration --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId> <version>2.5.1</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.integration/spring-integration-stream --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-stream</artifactId> <version>5.5.5</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.integration/spring-integration-mqtt --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId> <version>5.5.5</version> </dependency>
2、yaml配置文件
#mqtt配置 mqtt: username: 123 password: 123 #MQTT-服务器连接地址,如果有多个,用逗号隔开 url: tcp://127.0.0.1:1883 #MQTT-连接服务器默认客户端ID client: id: ${random.value} default: #MQTT-默认的消息推送主题,实际可在调用接口时指定 topic: topic,mqtt/test/# #连接超时 completionTimeout: 3000
3、mqtt生产者消费者配置类
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.integration.annotation.IntegrationComponentScan; import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator; import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel; import org.springframework.integration.core.MessageProducer; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.MqttPahoClientFactory; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.inbound.MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.outbound.MqttPahoMessageHandler; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.DefaultPahoMessageConverter; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHandler; import org.springframework.messaging.MessagingException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; /** * mqtt 推送and接收 消息类 **/ @Configuration @IntegrationComponentScan @Slf4j public class MqttSenderAndReceiveConfig { private static final byte[] WILL_DATA; static { WILL_DATA = "offline".getBytes(); } @Autowired private MqttReceiveHandle mqttReceiveHandle; @Value("${mqtt.username}") private String username; @Value("${mqtt.password}") private String password; @Value("${mqtt.url}") private String hostUrl; @Value("${mqtt.client.id}") private String clientId; @Value("${mqtt.default.topic}") private String defaultTopic; @Value("${mqtt.completionTimeout}") private int completionTimeout; //连接超时 /** * MQTT连接器选项 **/ @Bean(value = "getMqttConnectOptions") public MqttConnectOptions getMqttConnectOptions1() { MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions = new MqttConnectOptions(); // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录,这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接 mqttConnectOptions.setCleanSession(true); // 设置超时时间 单位为秒 mqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(10); mqttConnectOptions.setAutomaticReconnect(true); mqttConnectOptions.setUserName(username); mqttConnectOptions.setPassword(password.toCharArray()); mqttConnectOptions.setServerURIs(new String[]{hostUrl}); // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送心跳判断客户端是否在线,但这个方法并没有重连的机制 mqttConnectOptions.setKeepAliveInterval(10); // 设置“遗嘱”消息的话题,若客户端与服务器之间的连接意外中断,服务器将发布客户端的“遗嘱”消息。 //mqttConnectOptions.setWill("willTopic", WILL_DATA, 2, false); return mqttConnectOptions; } /** * MQTT工厂 **/ @Bean public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() { DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory(); factory.setConnectionOptions(getMqttConnectOptions1()); return factory; } /** * MQTT信息通道(生产者) **/ @Bean public MessageChannel mqttOutboundChannel() { return new DirectChannel(); } /** * MQTT消息处理器(生产者) **/ @Bean @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel") public MessageHandler mqttOutbound() { MqttPahoMessageHandler messageHandler = new MqttPahoMessageHandler(clientId + "_producer", mqttClientFactory()); messageHandler.setAsync(true); messageHandler.setDefaultTopic(defaultTopic); messageHandler.setAsyncEvents(true); // 消息发送和传输完成会有异步的通知回调 //设置转换器 发送bytes数据 DefaultPahoMessageConverter converter = new DefaultPahoMessageConverter(); converter.setPayloadAsBytes(true); return messageHandler; } /** * 配置client,监听的topic * MQTT消息订阅绑定(消费者) **/ @Bean public MessageProducer inbound() { List<String> topicList = Arrays.asList(defaultTopic.trim().split(",")); String[] topics = new String[topicList.size()]; topicList.toArray(topics); MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter = new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(clientId + "_consumer", mqttClientFactory(), topics); adapter.setCompletionTimeout(completionTimeout); DefaultPahoMessageConverter converter = new DefaultPahoMessageConverter(); converter.setPayloadAsBytes(true); adapter.setConverter(converter); adapter.setQos(2); adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel()); return adapter; } /** * MQTT信息通道(消费者) **/ @Bean public MessageChannel mqttInputChannel() { return new DirectChannel(); } /** * MQTT消息处理器(消费者) **/ @Bean @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInputChannel") public MessageHandler handler() { return new MessageHandler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message<?> message) throws MessagingException { //处理接收消息 mqttReceiveHandle.handle(message); } }; } }
4、消息处理类
/** * mqtt客户端消息处理类 **/ @Slf4j @Component public class MqttReceiveHandle { public void handle(Message<?> message) { log.info("收到订阅消息: {}", message); String topic = message.getHeaders().get(MqttHeaders.RECEIVED_TOPIC).toString(); log.info("消息主题:{}", topic); Object payLoad = message.getPayload(); byte[] data = (byte[]) payLoad; Packet packet = Packet.parse(data); log.info("发送的Packet数据{}", JSON.toJSONString(packet)); } }
5、mqtt发送接口
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.MessagingGateway; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.MqttHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header; /** * mqtt发送消息 * (defaultRequestChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel" 对应config配置) * **/ @MessagingGateway(defaultRequestChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel") public interface MqttGateway { /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param */ void sendToMqttObject(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, byte[] payload); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, String payload); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param qos 对消息处理的几种机制。 * 0 表示的是订阅者没收到消息不会再次发送,消息会丢失。 * 1 表示的是会尝试重试,一直到接收到消息,但这种情况可能导致订阅者收到多次重复消息。 * 2 多了一次去重的动作,确保订阅者收到的消息有一次。 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, @Header(MqttHeaders.QOS) int qos, String payload); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, Object payload); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, byte[] payload); }
6、mqtt事件监听类
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.context.event.EventListener; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttConnectionFailedEvent; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttMessageDeliveredEvent; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttMessageSentEvent; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttSubscribedEvent; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Slf4j @Component public class MqttListener { /** * 连接失败的事件通知 * @param mqttConnectionFailedEvent */ @EventListener(classes = MqttConnectionFailedEvent.class) public void listenerAction(MqttConnectionFailedEvent mqttConnectionFailedEvent) { log.info("连接失败的事件通知"); } /** * 已发送的事件通知 * @param mqttMessageSentEvent */ @EventListener(classes = MqttMessageSentEvent.class) public void listenerAction(MqttMessageSentEvent mqttMessageSentEvent) { log.info("已发送的事件通知"); } /** * 已传输完成的事件通知 * 1.QOS == 0,发送消息后会即可进行此事件回调,因为不需要等待回执 * 2.QOS == 1,发送消息后会等待ACK回执,ACK回执后会进行此事件通知 * 3.QOS == 2,发送消息后会等待PubRECV回执,知道收到PubCOMP后会进行此事件通知 * @param mqttMessageDeliveredEvent */ @EventListener(classes = MqttMessageDeliveredEvent.class) public void listenerAction(MqttMessageDeliveredEvent mqttMessageDeliveredEvent) { log.info("已传输完成的事件通知"); } /** * 消息订阅的事件通知 * @param mqttSubscribedEvent */ @EventListener(classes = MqttSubscribedEvent.class) public void listenerAction(MqttSubscribedEvent mqttSubscribedEvent) { log.info("消息订阅的事件通知"); } }
7、接口测试
@Resource private MqttGateway mqttGateway; /** * sendData 消息 * topic 订阅主题 **/ @RequestMapping(value = "/sendMqtt",method = RequestMethod.POST) public String sendMqtt(String sendData, String topic) { MqttMessage mqttMessage = new MqttMessage(); mqttGateway.sendToMqtt(topic, sendData); //mqttGateway.sendToMqttObject(topic, sendData.getBytes()); return "OK"; }
总结
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。