pytest内置fixture使用临时目录流程详解
作者:爱学习de测试小白
fixture是在测试函数运行前后,由pytest执行的外壳函数。fixture中的代码可以定制,满足多变的测试需求,包括定义传入测试中的数据集、配置测试前系统的初始状态、为批量测试提供数据源等等。fixture是pytest的精髓所在
前言
本篇来学习pytest中内置fixture中临时目录的使用
tmpdir
tmpdir作用范围是函数级别,创建临时文件供单个测试点调用
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os def test_tmpdir(tmpdir): """内置tmpdir fixture使用""" # 创建临时文件 a_file = tmpdir.join('a.txt') # 写入内容 a_file.write('A') # 创建临时目录 a_sub_dir = tmpdir.mkdir('sub') sub_file = a_sub_dir.join('sub.txt') sub_file.write('sub') # 打印临时目录路径 print(f"tmpdir:{a_file}") print(f"tmpdir:{a_sub_dir}") assert a_file.read() == 'A' assert sub_file.read() == 'sub' if __name__ == '__main__': os.system('pytest -s -v')
tmpdir_factory
tmpdir_factory作用范围是会话级别,主要针对创建临时目录的情况,可供多个测试点调用
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os def test_create_file(tmpdir_factory): p = tmpdir_factory.mktemp("demo01").join("hello.txt") print(f"tmpdir:{p}") p.write("content") assert p.read() == "content" def test_create_file2(tmpdir_factory): p = tmpdir_factory.mktemp("demo02").join("hello.txt") print(f"tmpdir:{p}") p.write("content") assert p.read() == "content" if __name__ == '__main__': os.system('pytest -s -v')
tmp_path
测试用例级别,tmpdir 和tmp_path功能是一样的,唯一区别是tmpdir返回的是py.path.local类型,而tmp_path返回的是pathlib.Path类型
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os def test_create_file_path(tmp_path): """临时路径""" d = tmp_path / "sub" print(f"temp_dir:{d}") d.mkdir() p = d / "hello.txt" str_txt = "hello world" p.write_text(str_txt) assert p.read_text() == str_txt assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1 if __name__ == '__main__': os.system('pytest -s -v')
tmp_path_factory
会话级别
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os def test_create_file_path_factory(tmp_path_factory): """临时路径 会话级""" d = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("demo01") / "hello.txt" print(f"temp_dir:{d}") str_txt = "hello world" d.write_text(str_txt) assert d.read_text() == str_txt def test_create_file2_path_factory(tmp_path_factory): d = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("demo02") / "hello.txt" print(f"temp_dir:{d}") str_txt = "hello world" d.write_text(str_txt) assert d.read_text() == str_txt if __name__ == '__main__': os.system('pytest -s -v')
指定临时目录
–basetemp = 临时路径
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os def test_create_file_path(tmp_path): """临时路径""" d = tmp_path / "sub" print(f"temp_dir:{d}") d.mkdir() p = d / "hello.txt" str_txt = "hello world" p.write_text(str_txt) assert p.read_text() == str_txt assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1 if __name__ == '__main__': # 指定临时目录,确认为空目录 否则会被清空 os.system('pytest -s -v --basetemp=./test_tmp')
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