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SpringBoot集成整合JWT与Shiro流程详解

作者：leo825...

安全管理是软件系统必不可少的的功能。根据经典的“墨菲定律”——凡是可能，总会发生。如果系统存在安全隐患，最终必然会出现问题，这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot集成JWT、Shiro框架的使用

前言

代码库：https://gitee.com/leo825/springboot-learning-parents.git

之前写过《SpringBoot集成Shiro框架》，最近看了JWT，正好两个整合一下，加深一下理解。

实战演练

代码结构

SQL脚本

schema.sql

create table if not exists t_user (
	`id`            int  primary  key not null ,
	`username`      char (50) not null,
	`password`      char(50) not null,
	`role`          char(50) not null,
	`permission`    char(255) not null
) ;

data.sql

insert into t_user(id, username, password, role, permission) values (0,'smith','smith123','user','view');
insert into t_user(id, username, password, role, permission) values (1,'danny','danny123','admin','view,edit')

数据格式如下：

usernamepasswordrolepermission
smithsmith123userview
dannydanny123adminview,edit

pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.example</groupId>
		<artifactId>springboot-learning-parents</artifactId>
		<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>
	<groupId>springboot-demo</groupId>
	<artifactId>springboot-jwt-shiro</artifactId>
	<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>springboot-jwt-shiro</name>
	<url>https://gitee.com/leo825/springboot-learning-parents.git</url>
	<description>springboot集成jwt和shiro测试</description>
	<properties>
		<start-class>com.demo.SpringbootJwtShiroApplication</start-class>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<mybatisplus.version>3.5.1</mybatisplus.version>
		<freemaker.version>2.3.31</freemaker.version>
		<mysql.version>8.0.28</mysql.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- mybatis-plus 所需依赖  -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>${mybatisplus.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
			<version>${mybatisplus.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 使用h2内存数据库 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- jwt依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
			<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.47</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--引入shrio 选择stater方式-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
			<artifactId>shiro-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.9.0</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

User

package com.demo.model;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * 用户
 */
@TableName("t_user")
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    /**
     * 用户主键
     */
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    /**
     * 用户名
     */
    private String username;
    /**
     * 密码
     */
    private String password;
    /**
     * 角色
     */
    private String role;
    /**
     * 权限
     */
    private String permission;
}

JwtUtil

package com.demo.util;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier;
import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm;
import com.auth0.jwt.exceptions.JWTDecodeException;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.DecodedJWT;
import java.util.Date;
/**
 * jwt工具类
 */
public class JwtUtil {
    /**
     * 过期时间5分钟
     */
    private static final long EXPIRE_TIME = 5 * 60 * 1000;
    /**
     * jwt 密钥
     */
    public static final String SECRET = "jwt_secret";
    /**
     * 校验token是否正确
     *
     * @param token  密钥
     * @param secret 用户的密码
     * @return 是否正确
     */
    public static boolean verify(String token, String username, String secret) {
        try {
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
            JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    .build();
            DecodedJWT jwt = verifier.verify(token);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 获得token中的信息无需secret解密也能获得
     *
     * @return token中包含的用户名
     */
    public static String getUsername(String token) {
        try {
            DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
            return jwt.getClaim("username").asString();
        } catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 生成签名,5min后过期
     *
     * @param username 用户名
     * @param pwd      用户的密码
     * @return 加密的token
     */
    public static String sign(String username, String pwd) {
        try {
            Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRE_TIME);
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(pwd);
            // 附带username信息
            return JWT.create()
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    .withExpiresAt(date)
                    .sign(algorithm);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

UserMapper

package com.demo.mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.demo.model.User;
/**
 * 用户表
 */
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
}

UserService

public interface UserService extends IService<User> {
    User getUser(String username) throws AuthenticationException;
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.demo.service.impl;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.model.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.security.sasl.AuthenticationException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements UserService {
    @Override
    public User getUser(String username) throws AuthenticationException {
        Map<String,Object> columnMap = new HashMap<>();
        columnMap.put("username", username);
        List<User> users = baseMapper.selectByMap(columnMap);
        if(users.isEmpty()){
            throw new AuthenticationException("User didn't existed!");
        }
        return users.get(0);
    }
}

JwtToken

package com.demo.token;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
public class JwtToken implements AuthenticationToken {
    // 密钥
    private String token;
    public JwtToken(String token) {
        this.token = token;
    }
    @Override
    public Object getPrincipal() {
        return token;
    }
    @Override
    public Object getCredentials() {
        return token;
    }
}

MyRealm

package com.demo.realm;
import com.demo.model.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import com.demo.token.JwtToken;
import com.demo.util.JwtUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    /**
     * 大坑！，必须重写此方法，不然Shiro会报错
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
        return token instanceof JwtToken;
    }
    /**
     * 只有当需要检测用户权限的时候才会调用此方法，例如checkRole,checkPermission之类的
     *
     * @param principals
     * @return
     */
    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
        String username = JwtUtil.getUsername(principals.toString());
        User user = userService.getUser(username);
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole(user.getRole());
        Set<String> permission = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(user.getPermission().split(",")));
        simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permission);
        return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
    }
    /**
     * 默认使用此方法认证用户名正确与否验证，错误抛出异常即可。
     *
     * @param auth
     * @return
     * @throws AuthenticationException
     */
    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken auth) {
        String token = (String) auth.getCredentials();
        // 解密获得username，用于和数据库进行对比
        String username = JwtUtil.getUsername(token);
        if (username == null) {
            throw new AuthenticationException("token invalid");
        }
        User user = userService.getUser(username);
        if (!JwtUtil.verify(token, username, user.getPassword())) {
            throw new AuthenticationException("Username or password error");
        }
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(token, token, JwtUtil.SECRET);
    }
}

JWTFilter

package com.demo.filter;
import com.demo.token.JwtToken;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * 代码的执行流程 preHandle -> isAccessAllowed -> isLoginAttempt -> executeLogin
 */
@Slf4j
public class JWTFilter extends BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter {
    /**
     * 判断用户是否想要登入。
     * 检测header里面是否包含Authorization字段即可
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean isLoginAttempt(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String authorization = req.getHeader("Authorization");
        return authorization != null;
    }
    /**
     *
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean executeLogin(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String authorization = httpServletRequest.getHeader("Authorization");
        JwtToken token = new JwtToken(authorization);
        // 提交给realm进行登入，如果错误他会抛出异常并被捕获
        getSubject(request, response).login(token);
        // 如果没有抛出异常则代表登入成功，返回true
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * 这里我们详细说明下为什么最终返回的都是true，即允许访问
     * 例如我们提供一个地址 GET /article
     * 登入用户和游客看到的内容是不同的
     * 如果在这里返回了false，请求会被直接拦截，用户看不到任何东西
     * 所以我们在这里返回true，Controller中可以通过 subject.isAuthenticated() 来判断用户是否登入
     * 如果有些资源只有登入用户才能访问，我们只需要在方法上面加上 @RequiresAuthentication 注解即可
     * 但是这样做有一个缺点，就是不能够对GET,POST等请求进行分别过滤鉴权(因为我们重写了官方的方法)，但实际上对应用影响不大
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) {
        if (isLoginAttempt(request, response)) {
            try {
                executeLogin(request, response);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                response401(request, response);
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * 对跨域提供支持
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
        // 跨域时会首先发送一个option请求，这里我们给option请求直接返回正常状态
        if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
            httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
            return false;
        }
        return super.preHandle(request, response);
    }
    /**
     * 将非法请求跳转到 /401
     */
    private void response401(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp) {
        try {
            HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
            httpServletResponse.sendRedirect("/401");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

ShiroConfig

package com.demo.config;
import com.demo.filter.JWTFilter;
import com.demo.realm.MyRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSubjectDAO;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.DependsOn;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    @Bean("securityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getManager(MyRealm realm) {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager manager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 使用自己的realm
        manager.setRealm(realm);
        /*
         * 关闭shiro自带的session，详情见文档
         * http://shiro.apache.org/session-management.html#SessionManagement-StatelessApplications%28Sessionless%29
         */
        DefaultSubjectDAO subjectDAO = new DefaultSubjectDAO();
        DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator defaultSessionStorageEvaluator = new DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator();
        defaultSessionStorageEvaluator.setSessionStorageEnabled(false);
        subjectDAO.setSessionStorageEvaluator(defaultSessionStorageEvaluator);
        manager.setSubjectDAO(subjectDAO);
        return manager;
    }
    @Bean("shiroFilterFactoryBean")
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean factory(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        // 添加自己的过滤器并且取名为jwt
        Map<String, Filter> filterMap = new HashMap<>();
        filterMap.put("jwt", new JWTFilter());
        factoryBean.setFilters(filterMap);
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/401");
        /*
         * 自定义url规则
         * http://shiro.apache.org/web.html#urls-
         */
        Map<String, String> filterRuleMap = new HashMap<>();
        // 所有请求通过我们自己的JWT Filter
        filterRuleMap.put("/**", "jwt");
        // 访问401和404页面不通过我们的Filter
        filterRuleMap.put("/401", "anon");
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterRuleMap);
        return factoryBean;
    }
    /**
     * 下面的代码是添加注解支持
     */
    @Bean
    @DependsOn("lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")
    public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {
        DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
        // 强制使用cglib，防止重复代理和可能引起代理出错的问题
        // https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/29161098
        defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
        return defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
    }
    @Bean
    public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
        return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
    }
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        advisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return advisor;
    }
}

TestController

URL作用
/login登入
/article所有人都可以访问，但是用户与游客看到的内容不同
/require_auth登入的用户才可以进行访问
/require_roleadmin的角色用户才可以登入
/require_permission拥有view和edit权限的用户才可以访问

测试代码如下：

package com.demo.controller;
import com.demo.common.Result;
import com.demo.model.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import com.demo.util.JwtUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthorizedException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.Logical;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresAuthentication;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresRoles;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import javax.security.sasl.AuthenticationException;
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/jwt")
public class TestController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) throws AuthenticationException {
        User user = userService.getUser(username);
        if (user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
            return new Result(200, "Login success", JwtUtil.sign(username, password));
        } else {
            throw new UnauthorizedException();
        }
    }
    @GetMapping("/article")
    public Result article() {
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        if (subject.isAuthenticated()) {
            return new Result(200, "You are already logged in", null);
        } else {
            return new Result(200, "You are guest", null);
        }
    }
    @GetMapping("/require_auth")
    @RequiresAuthentication
    public Result requireAuth() {
        return new Result(200, "You are authenticated", null);
    }
    @GetMapping("/require_role")
    @RequiresRoles("admin")
    public Result requireRole() {
        return new Result(200, "You are visiting require_role", null);
    }
    @GetMapping("/require_permission")
    @RequiresPermissions(logical = Logical.AND, value = {"view", "edit"})
    public Result requirePermission() {
        return new Result(200, "You are visiting permission require edit,view", null);
    }
    @RequestMapping(path = "/401")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)
    public Result unauthorized() {
        return new Result(401, "Unauthorized", null);
    }
}

测试

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