Spring Security整合KeyCloak保护Rest API实现详解
作者：EdurtIO
这篇文章主要为大家介绍了Spring Security整合KeyCloak保护Rest API实现实例详解，有需要的朋友可以借鉴参考下，希望能够有所帮助，祝大家多多进步，早日升职加薪
正文
今天我们尝试Spring Security整合Keycloak，并决定建立一个非常简单的Spring Boot微服务，使用Keycloak作为我的身份验证源，使用Spring Security处理身份验证和授权。
设置Keycloak
- 首先我们需要一个Keycloak实例，让我们启动Jboss提供的Docker容器：
docker run -d \ --name springboot-security-keycloak-integration \ -e KEYCLOAK_USER=admin \ -e KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD=admin \ -p 9001:8080 \ jboss/keycloak
- 在此之后，我们只需登录到容器并导航到
bin文件夹。
docker exec -it springboot-security-keycloak-integration /bin/bash cd keycloak/bin
- 首先，我们需要从CLI客户端登录keycloak服务器，之后我们不再需要身份验证：
./kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080/auth --realm master --user admin --password admin
配置realm
- 首先，我们需要创建一个realm:
./kcadm.sh create realms -s realm=springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s enabled=true Created new realm with id 'springboot-security-keycloak-integration'
- 之后，我们需要创建2个客户端，这将为我们的应用程序提供身份验证。首先我们创建一个cURL客户端，这样我们就可以通过命令行命令登录：
./kcadm.sh create clients -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s clientId=curl -s enabled=true -s publicClient=true -s baseUrl=http://localhost:8080 -s adminUrl=http://localhost:8080 -s directAccessGrantsEnabled=true Created new client with id '8f0481cd-3bbb-4659-850f-6088466a4d89'
重要的是要注意2个选项：publicClient=true和 directAccessGrantsEnabled=true。第一个使这个客户端公开，这意味着我们的cURL客户端可以在不提供任何秘密的情况下启动登录。第二个使我们能够使用用户名和密码直接登录。
- 其次，我们创建了一个由REST服务使用的客户端：
./kcadm.sh create clients -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s clientId=springboot-security-keycloak-integration-client -s enabled=true -s baseUrl=http://localhost:8080 -s bearerOnly=true Created new client with id 'ab9d404e-6d5b-40ac-9bc3-9e2e26b68213'
这里的重要配置是bearerOnly=true。这告诉Keycloak客户端永远不会启动登录过程，但是当它收到Bearer令牌时，它将检查所述令牌的有效性。
我们应该注意保留这些ID，因为我们将在接下来的步骤中使用它们。
- 我们有两个客户端，接下来是为spring-security-keycloak-example-app客户创建角色
Admin Role:
./kcadm.sh create clients/ab9d404e-6d5b-40ac-9bc3-9e2e26b68213/roles -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s name=admin -s 'description=Admin role' Created new role with id 'admin'
User Role:
./kcadm.sh create clients/ab9d404e-6d5b-40ac-9bc3-9e2e26b68213/roles -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s name=user -s 'description=User role' Created new role with id 'user'
注意client后的id是我们创建客户端输出的id
- 最后，我们应该获取客户端的配置，以便稍后提供给我们的应用程序：
./kcadm.sh get clients/ab9d404e-6d5b-40ac-9bc3-9e2e26b68213/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-keycloak-json -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration
注意client后的id是我们创建客户端输出的id
应该返回类似于此的内容：
{
"realm" : "springboot-security-keycloak-integration",
"bearer-only" : true,
"auth-server-url" : "http://localhost:8080/auth",
"ssl-required" : "external",
"resource" : "springboot-security-keycloak-integration-client",
"verify-token-audience" : true,
"use-resource-role-mappings" : true,
"confidential-port" : 0
}
配置用户
出于演示目的，我们创建2个具有2个不同角色的用户，以便我们验证授权是否有效。
- 首先，让我们创建一个具有admin角色的用户：
创建admin用户：
./kcadm.sh create users -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s username=admin -s enabled=true Created new user with id '50c11a76-a8ff-42b1-80cb-d82cb3e7616d'
设置admin密码：
./kcadm.sh update users/50c11a76-a8ff-42b1-80cb-d82cb3e7616d/reset-password -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s type=password -s value=admin -s temporary=false -n
value: 用户密码
追加到admin角色中
./kcadm.sh add-roles -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration --uusername=admin --cclientid springboot-security-keycloak-integration-client --rolename admin
注意：从不在生产中使用此方法，它仅用于演示目的！
- 然后我们创建另一个用户，这次有角色user：
创建user用户：
./kcadm.sh create users -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s username=user -s enabled=true Created new user with id '624434c8-bce4-4b5b-b81f-e77304785803'
设置user密码：
./kcadm.sh update users/624434c8-bce4-4b5b-b81f-e77304785803/reset-password -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration -s type=password -s value=admin -s temporary=false -n
追加到user角色中：
./kcadm.sh add-roles -r springboot-security-keycloak-integration --uusername=user --cclientid springboot-security-keycloak-integration-client --rolename user
Rest服务
我们已经配置了Keycloak并准备使用，我们只需要一个应用程序来使用它！所以我们创建一个简单的Spring Boot应用程序。我会在这里使用maven构建项目：
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.edurt.sski</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-security-keycloak-integration</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>springboot security keycloak integration</name>
<description>SpringBoot Security KeyCloak Integration is a open source springboot, spring security, keycloak
integration example.
</description>
<properties>
<!-- dependency config -->
<dependency.lombox.version>1.16.16</dependency.lombox.version>
<dependency.springboot.common.version>1.5.6.RELEASE</dependency.springboot.common.version>
<dependency.keycloak.version>3.1.0.Final</dependency.keycloak.version>
<!-- plugin config -->
<plugin.maven.compiler.version>3.3</plugin.maven.compiler.version>
<plugin.maven.javadoc.version>2.10.4</plugin.maven.javadoc.version>
<!-- environment config -->
<environment.compile.java.version>1.8</environment.compile.java.version>
<!-- reporting config -->
<reporting.maven.jxr.version>2.5</reporting.maven.jxr.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${dependency.springboot.common.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${dependency.lombox.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- springboot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- keycloak -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
<artifactId>keycloak-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${dependency.keycloak.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
<artifactId>keycloak-spring-security-adapter</artifactId>
<version>${dependency.keycloak.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${plugin.maven.compiler.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${environment.compile.java.version}</source>
<target>${environment.compile.java.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${plugin.maven.javadoc.version}</version>
<configuration>
<aggregate>true</aggregate>
<!-- custom tags -->
<tags>
<tag>
<name>Description</name>
<placement>test</placement>
<head>description</head>
</tag>
</tags>
<!-- close jdoclint check document -->
<additionalparam>-Xdoclint:none</additionalparam>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<reporting>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jxr-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${reporting.maven.jxr.version}</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</reporting>
</project>
添加所有必需的依赖项：
- spring-security 用于保护应用程序
- keycloak-spring-boot-starter 使用Keycloak和Spring Boot
- keycloak-spring-security-adapter 与Spring Security集成
一个简单的应用类：
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
* <p>
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
* <p>
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.edurt.sski;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
/**
* <p> SpringBootSecurityKeyCloakIntegration </p>
* <p> Description : SpringBootSecurityKeyCloakIntegration </p>
* <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
* <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
* <p> Create Time : 2019-02-18 14:45 </p>
* <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootSecurityKeyCloakIntegration {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBootSecurityKeyCloakIntegration.class, args);
}
}
Rest API接口：
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
* <p>
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
* <p>
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.edurt.sski.controller;
import org.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* <p> HelloController </p>
* <p> Description : HelloController </p>
* <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
* <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
* <p> Create Time : 2019-02-18 14:50 </p>
* <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
*/
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping(value = "/admin")
@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
public String admin() {
return "Admin";
}
@GetMapping("/user")
@Secured("ROLE_USER")
public String user() {
return "User";
}
}
最后是keycloak配置：
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
* <p>
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
* <p>
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.edurt.sski.config;
import org.keycloak.adapters.KeycloakConfigResolver;
import org.keycloak.adapters.springboot.KeycloakSpringBootConfigResolver;
import org.keycloak.adapters.springsecurity.authentication.KeycloakAuthenticationProvider;
import org.keycloak.adapters.springsecurity.config.KeycloakWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.keycloak.adapters.springsecurity.filter.KeycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilter;
import org.keycloak.adapters.springsecurity.filter.KeycloakPreAuthActionsFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.mapping.GrantedAuthoritiesMapper;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.mapping.SimpleAuthorityMapper;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.session.NullAuthenticatedSessionStrategy;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.session.SessionAuthenticationStrategy;
/**
* <p> KeycloakSecurityConfigurer </p>
* <p> Description : KeycloakSecurityConfigurer </p>
* <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
* <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
* <p> Create Time : 2019-02-18 14:51 </p>
* <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class KeycloakSecurityConfigurer extends KeycloakWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public GrantedAuthoritiesMapper grantedAuthoritiesMapper() {
SimpleAuthorityMapper mapper = new SimpleAuthorityMapper();
mapper.setConvertToUpperCase(true);
return mapper;
}
@Override
protected KeycloakAuthenticationProvider keycloakAuthenticationProvider() {
final KeycloakAuthenticationProvider provider = super.keycloakAuthenticationProvider();
provider.setGrantedAuthoritiesMapper(grantedAuthoritiesMapper());
return provider;
}
@Override
protected void configure(final AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.authenticationProvider(keycloakAuthenticationProvider());
}
@Override
protected SessionAuthenticationStrategy sessionAuthenticationStrategy() {
return new NullAuthenticatedSessionStrategy();
}
@Override
protected void configure(final HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
super.configure(http);
http
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/admin").hasRole("ADMIN")
.antMatchers("/user").hasRole("USER")
.anyRequest().permitAll();
}
@Bean
KeycloakConfigResolver keycloakConfigResolver() {
return new KeycloakSpringBootConfigResolver();
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean keycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilterRegistrationBean(
final KeycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilter filter) {
final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(filter);
registrationBean.setEnabled(false);
return registrationBean;
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean keycloakPreAuthActionsFilterRegistrationBean(
final KeycloakPreAuthActionsFilter filter) {
final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(filter);
registrationBean.setEnabled(false);
return registrationBean;
}
}
KeycloakSecurityConfigurer类扩展 KeycloakWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter，这是Keycloak提供的类，它提供与Spring Security的集成。
然后我们通过添加SimpleAuthorityMapper配置身份验证管理器，它负责转换来自Keycloak的角色名称以匹配Spring Security的约定。基本上Spring Security期望以ROLE_前缀开头的角色，ROLE_ADMIN可以像Keycloak一样命名我们的角色，或者我们可以将它们命名为admin，然后使用此映射器将其转换为大写并添加必要的ROLE_前缀：
@Bean
public GrantedAuthoritiesMapper grantedAuthoritiesMapper() {
SimpleAuthorityMapper mapper = new SimpleAuthorityMapper();
mapper.setConvertToUpperCase(true);
return mapper;
}
@Override
protected KeycloakAuthenticationProvider keycloakAuthenticationProvider() {
final KeycloakAuthenticationProvider provider = super.keycloakAuthenticationProvider();
provider.setGrantedAuthoritiesMapper(grantedAuthoritiesMapper());
return provider;
}
@Override
protected void configure(final AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.authenticationProvider(keycloakAuthenticationProvider());
}
我们还需要为Keycloak设置会话策略，但是当我们创建无状态REST服务时，我们并不真的想要有会话，因此我们使用NullAuthenticatedSessionStrategy：
@Override
protected SessionAuthenticationStrategy sessionAuthenticationStrategy() {
return new NullAuthenticatedSessionStrategy();
}
通常，Keycloak Spring Security集成从keycloak.json文件中解析keycloak配置，但是我们希望有适当的Spring Boot配置，因此我们使用Spring Boot覆盖配置解析器：
@Bean
KeycloakConfigResolver keycloakConfigResolver() {
return new KeycloakSpringBootConfigResolver();
}
然后我们配置Spring Security来授权所有请求：
@Override
protected void configure(final HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
super.configure(http);
http
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().permitAll();
}
最后，根据文档，我们阻止双重注册Keycloak的过滤器：
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean keycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilterRegistrationBean(
final KeycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilter filter) {
final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(filter);
registrationBean.setEnabled(false);
return registrationBean;
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean keycloakPreAuthActionsFilterRegistrationBean(
final KeycloakPreAuthActionsFilter filter) {
final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(filter);
registrationBean.setEnabled(false);
return registrationBean;
}
最后，我们需要application.properties使用之前下载的值配置我们的应用程序 ：
server.port=9002 keycloak.realm=springboot-security-keycloak-integration keycloak.bearer-only=true keycloak.auth-server-url=http://localhost:9001/auth keycloak.ssl-required=external keycloak.resource=springboot-security-keycloak-integration-client keycloak.use-resource-role-mappings=true keycloak.principal-attribute=preferred_username
使用应用程序
- 使用curl我们创建的客户端进行身份验证，以获取访问令牌：
export TOKEN=`curl -ss --data "grant_type=password&client_id=curl&username=admin&password=admin" http://localhost:9001/auth/realms/springboot-security-keycloak-integration/protocol/openid-connect/token | jq -r .access_token`
这将收到的访问令牌存储在TOKEN变量中。
现在我们可以检查我们的管理员是否可以访问自己的/admin接口
curl -H "Authorization: bearer $TOKEN" http://localhost:9002/admin Admin
但它无法访问/user接口：
$ curl -H "Authorization: bearer $TOKEN" http://localhost:9002/user
{"timestamp":1498728302626,"status":403,"error":"Forbidden","message":"Access is denied","path":"/user"}
对于user用户也是如此，user用户无法访问admin接口。
源码地址：GitHub
以上就是Spring Security整合KeyCloak保护Rest API实现详解的详细内容，更多关于Spring Security整合KeyCloak的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章！