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QT+Quick实现自定义组件的示例详解

作者:音视频开发老舅

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了如何利用QT+Quick实现自定义组件(按钮、下拉菜单等),文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴可以了解一下

按钮

添加ZButton.qml

import QtQuick 2.14
import QtQuick.Window 2.14
/*
    文件名即自定义控件名
    使用别名导出属性:相当于函数的变量形参
    不同的是导出的属性,调用控件是可以不使用(赋值)
*/
Rectangle {
    id: root
 
    //导出自定义属性
    property alias text: label.text
    property alias fontSize: label.font.pointSize
    property alias textColor: label.color
    property alias bgColor: root.color
    property alias borderRadius: root.radius
    property alias borderColor: root.border.color
    property alias borderWidth: root.border.width
 
    signal clicked
 
    width: 116; height: 36
    color: "blue"
    border.color: "#f3f3f3"
    border.width: 1
    radius: 4
 
 
    Text {
        id: label
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "按钮"
        font.family: "微软雅黑"
        font.pointSize: parent.height/3
        color: "white"
    }
 
    MouseArea {
        anchors.fill: parent
        hoverEnabled: true
        cursorShape: "PointingHandCursor"
        onEntered: {
            root.opacity = 0.8
        }
 
        onExited: {
            root.opacity = 1
        }
        onClicked: {
            root.clicked()
        }
 
    }
}

注意

在自定义导出属性的时候不要和最外层的组件的属性名重复,会覆盖掉默认的属性。

使用

import QtQuick 2.14
import QtQuick.Window 2.14
 
Window {
    width: 640
    height: 240
    visible: true
    title: qsTr("Hello World")
    ZButton{
        text: "我是按钮"
        height: 36
        width: 100
        fontSize: 12
        borderRadius: 18
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        anchors.topMargin: 10
    }
}

显示效果

下拉菜单

添加ZComboBox.qml

import QtQuick 2.14
import QtQuick.Window 2.14
import QtQuick.Templates 2.14 as T
import QtQuick.Controls 2.14
import QtQuick.Controls.impl 2.14
 
T.ComboBox {
    id:control
 
    //checked选中状态,down按下状态,hovered悬停状态
    property color backgroundTheme: "#fefefe"
    //下拉框背景色
    property color backgroundColor: control.down ? "#eeeeee": control.hovered ? Qt.lighter(backgroundTheme) : backgroundTheme
    //边框颜色
    property color borderColor: Qt.darker(backgroundTheme)
    //item高亮颜色
    property color itemHighlightColor: "#eeeeee"
    //item普通颜色
    property color itemNormalColor: backgroundTheme
    //每个item的高度
    property int itemHeight: height
    //每个item文本的左右padding
    property int itemPadding: 10
    //下拉按钮左右距离
    property int indicatorPadding: 3
    //下拉按钮图标
    property url indicatorSource: "qrc:/qt-project.org/imports/QtQuick/Controls.2/images/double-arrow.png"
    //圆角
    property int radius: 4
    //最多显示的item个数
    property int showCount: 5
    //文字颜色
    property color textColor: "#333333"
    property color textSelectedColor: "#222222"
    //model数据左侧附加的文字
    property string textLeft: ""
    //model数据右侧附加的文字
    property string textRight: ""
 
    implicitWidth: 120
    implicitHeight: 30
    spacing: 0
    leftPadding: padding
    rightPadding: padding + indicator.width + spacing
    font{
        family: "微软雅黑"
        pixelSize: 16
    }
 
    //各item
    delegate: ItemDelegate {
        id: box_item
        height: control.itemHeight
        //Popup如果有padding,这里要减掉2*pop.padding
        width: control.width
        padding: 0
        contentItem: Text {
            text: control.textLeft+
                  (control.textRole
                   ? (Array.isArray(control.model)
                      ? modelData[control.textRole]
                      : model[control.textRole])
                   : modelData)+
                  control.textRight
            color: (control.highlightedIndex == index)
                   ? control.textSelectedColor
                   : control.textColor
            leftPadding: control.itemPadding
            rightPadding: control.itemPadding
            font: control.font
            elide: Text.ElideRight
            renderType: Text.NativeRendering
            verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
        }
        hoverEnabled: control.hoverEnabled
        background: Rectangle{
            radius: control.radius
            color: (control.highlightedIndex == index)
                   ? control.itemHighlightColor
                   : control.itemNormalColor
            //item底部的线
            Rectangle{
                height: 1
                width: parent.width-2*control.radius
                anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
                anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
                color: Qt.lighter(control.itemNormalColor)
            }
        }
    }
 
    indicator: Item{
        id: box_indicator
        x: control.width - width
        y: control.topPadding + (control.availableHeight - height) / 2
        width: box_indicator_img.width+control.indicatorPadding*2
        height: control.height
        //按钮图标
        Image {
            id: box_indicator_img
            anchors.centerIn: parent
            source: control.indicatorSource
        }
    }
 
    //box显示item
    contentItem: T.TextField{
        //control的leftPadding会挤过来,不要设置control的padding
        leftPadding: control.itemPadding
        rightPadding: control.itemPadding
        text: control.editable
              ? control.editText
              : (control.textLeft+control.displayText+control.textRight)
        font: control.font
        color: control.textColor
        verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
        //默认鼠标选取文本设置为false
        selectByMouse: true
        //选中文本的颜色
        selectedTextColor: "green"
        //选中文本背景色
        selectionColor: "white"
        clip: true
        //renderType: Text.NativeRendering
        enabled: control.editable
        autoScroll: control.editable
        readOnly: control.down
        inputMethodHints: control.inputMethodHints
        validator: control.validator
        renderType: Text.NativeRendering
        background: Rectangle {
            visible: control.enabled && control.editable
            border.width: parent && parent.activeFocus ? 1 : 0
            border.color: control.itemHighlightColor
            color: "transparent"
        }
    }
 
    //box框背景
    background: Rectangle {
        implicitWidth: control.implicitWidth
        implicitHeight: control.implicitHeight
        radius: control.radius
        color: control.backgroundColor
        border.color: control.borderColor
    }
 
    //弹出框
    popup: T.Popup {
        //默认向下弹出,如果距离不够,y会自动调整()
        y: control.height
        width: control.width
        //根据showCount来设置最多显示item个数
        implicitHeight: control.delegateModel
                        ?((control.delegateModel.count<showCount)
                          ?contentItem.implicitHeight
                          :control.showCount*control.itemHeight)+2
                        :0
        //用于边框留的padding
        padding: 1
        contentItem: ListView {
            clip: true
            implicitHeight: contentHeight
            model: control.popup.visible ? control.delegateModel : null
            currentIndex: control.highlightedIndex
            //按行滚动SnapToItem ;像素移动SnapPosition
            snapMode: ListView.SnapToItem
            //ScrollBar.horizontal: ScrollBar { visible: false }
            ScrollBar.vertical: ScrollBar { //定制滚动条
                id: box_bar
                implicitWidth: 10
                visible: control.delegateModel&&(control.delegateModel.count>showCount)
                //background: Rectangle{} //这是整体的背景
                contentItem: Rectangle{
                    implicitWidth:10
                    radius: width/2
                    color: box_bar.pressed
                           ? Qt.rgba(0.6,0.6,0.6)
                           : Qt.rgba(0.6,0.6,0.6,0.5)
                }
            }
        }
 
        //弹出框背景(只有border显示出来了,其余部分被delegate背景遮挡)
        background: Rectangle{
            border.width: 1
            border.color: control.borderColor
            radius: control.radius
        }
    }
}

使用方式

import QtQuick 2.14
import QtQuick.Window 2.14
 
Window {
    width: 640
    height: 280
    visible: true
    title: qsTr("Hello World")
 
    ZComboBox{
        width: 160
        height: 36
        model: ["小明","小红","小刚"]
        editable: false
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        anchors.topMargin: 10
    }
}

效果

到此这篇关于QT+Quick实现自定义组件的示例详解的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关QT Quick自定义组件内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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