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基于Python绘制3D立体爱心图案的示例详解

作者:弦masamasa

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了利用Python实现绘制3D立体爱心图案的四种不同方法,文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴可以动手尝试一下

原理

1.使用python中的mtplotlib库。

2.立体爱心面公式

点画法(实心)

代码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #导入绘图模块
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D #3d绘图模块
import numpy as np #导入数值计算拓展模块

#start generating points
x_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
y_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
z_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
X_points=[] #用来存放绘图点X坐标
Y_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Y坐标
Z_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Z坐标
for x in x_lim:
    for y in y_lim:
        for z in z_lim:
            if (x**2+(9/4)*y**2+z**2-1)**3-(9/80)*y**2*z**3-x**2*z**3<=0:
                X_points.append(x)
                Y_points.append(y)
                Z_points.append(z)

plt.style.use('seaborn')
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d') 
ax.scatter(X_points,Y_points,Z_points,color="red") 
plt.show()

运行效果

这个画法侧面看起来很无语。

点画法(空心)

代码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #导入绘图模块
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D #3d绘图模块
import numpy as np #导入数值计算拓展模块

#start generating points
x_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,200)
y_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,200)
z_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,200)
X_points=[] #用来存放绘图点X坐标
Y_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Y坐标
Z_tmp=[]
Z_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Z坐标
for y in y_lim:
    for x in x_lim:
        for z in z_lim:
            k=(x**2+(9/4)*y**2+z**2-1)**3-(9/80)*y**2*z**3-x**2*z**3
            if k<=0 :
                Z_tmp.append(z)
                if y<=-0.55 or y>=0.55:
                    X_points.append(x)
                    Y_points.append(y)    
                    Z_points.append(z)
        if Z_tmp:
            X_points.append(x)
            Y_points.append(y)    
            Z_points.append(max(Z_tmp))
            X_points.append(x)
            Y_points.append(y)    
            Z_points.append(min(Z_tmp))
            Z_tmp.clear()

plt.style.use('seaborn')
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d') 
ax.set_zlim(-1, 1)
ax.set_xlim(-1, 1)
ax.set_ylim(-1, 1)
ax.scatter(X_points,Y_points,Z_points)

plt.show()

运行效果

折线画法 (线团)

代码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #导入绘图模块
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D #3d绘图模块
import numpy as np #导入数值计算拓展模块

#start generating points
x_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
y_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
z_lim=np.linspace(-10,10,150)
X_points=[] #用来存放绘图点X坐标
Y_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Y坐标
Z_tmp=[]
Z_points=[] #用来存放绘图点Z坐标
for y in y_lim:
    for x in x_lim:
        for z in z_lim:
            k=(x**2+(9/4)*y**2+z**2-1)**3-(9/80)*y**2*z**3-x**2*z**3
            if k<=0 :
                Z_tmp.append(z)
                if y<=-0.55 or y>=0.55:
                    X_points.append(x)
                    Y_points.append(y)    
                    Z_points.append(z)
        if Z_tmp:
            X_points.append(x)
            Y_points.append(y)    
            Z_points.append(max(Z_tmp))
            X_points.append(x)
            Y_points.append(y)    
            Z_points.append(min(Z_tmp))
            Z_tmp.clear()

plt.style.use('seaborn')
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d') 
ax.set_zlim(-1, 1)
ax.set_xlim(-1, 1)
ax.set_ylim(-1, 1)
ax.plot(X_points,Y_points,Z_points)

plt.show()

运行效果

等高线画法(线框)

代码

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator, FormatStrFormatter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


def heart_3d(x, y, z):
    return (x**2+(9/4)*y**2+z**2-1)**3-x**2*z**3-(9/80)*y**2*z**3


def plot_implicit(fn, bbox=(-1.5, 1.5)):
    xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, zmin, zmax = bbox*3
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')
    A = np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 100)  # resolution of the contour
    B = np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 10)  # number of slices
    A1, A2 = np.meshgrid(A, A)  # grid on which the contour is plotted

    for z in B:  # plot contours in the XY plane
        X, Y = A1, A2
        Z = fn(X, Y, z)
        cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z+z, [z], zdir='z', colors=('r',))

    for y in B:  # plot contours in the XZ plane
        X, Z = A1, A2
        Y = fn(X, y, Z)
        cset = ax.contour(X, Y+y, Z, [y], zdir='y', colors=('red',))

    for x in B:  # plot contours in the YZ plane
        Y, Z = A1, A2
        X = fn(x, Y, Z)
        cset = ax.contour(X+x, Y, Z, [x], zdir='x', colors=('red',))

    # must set plot limits because the contour will likely extend
    # way beyond the displayed level. Otherwise matplotlib extends the plot limits
    # to encompass all values in the contour.
    ax.set_zlim3d(zmin, zmax)
    ax.set_xlim3d(xmin, xmax)
    ax.set_ylim3d(ymin, ymax)

    plt.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    plot_implicit(heart_3d)

运行效果

以上代码整理于网络,需要的小伙伴可以参考一下

到此这篇关于基于Python绘制3D立体爱心图案的示例详解的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python绘制3D立体爱心内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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