Centos8安装mysql8的详细过程(免安装版/或者二进制包方式安装)
作者：chunchun868
二进制包方式安装
一、首先检查服务器上是否安装有mysql：
第一步：查看mysql安装版本
rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
第二步：卸载Mysql
rpm -ev --nodeps 【上一步查询到的mysql版本名称】
最后删除关于mysql相关的文件夹：查找根目录下所有者是mysql和有mysql名称的文件
find / -user mysql
find / -name mysql
把查找出的目录文件删除：rm -rf 路径
二、开始安装配置mysql
mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
网址：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)
上传到服务器上，解压，然后改名，copy到想要的安装目录（/usr/local/）
目录计划：
安装目录：/usr/local/mysql
data 目录：/data/mysql/data/
日志位置：/data/mysql/mysql_error.err
xz -d tar xvf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz tar xvf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar mv mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql mv mysql /usr/local/
创建mysql用户和用户组
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
将安装目录所有者及所属组改为mysql ，并创建相关文件夹
cd /usr/local/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
ll
mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,backup,scripts,binlog}
ll /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
添加环境变量，并修改my.cnf配置文件
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] user=mysql port=3306 #basedir=/data/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/data/ default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password log_error=/data/mysql/mysql_error.err max_connections=10000 max_connect_errors=10 character-set-server=utf8mb4 default-storage-engine=INNODB default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password [mysql] default-character-set=utf8mb4
初始化mysql数据库
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
/data/mysql/mysql_error.err里记录了 mysql初始密码
将mysql加入到服务，并设置开机自启，启动mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig mysqld on systemctl start mysqld
连接mysql
遇到报错
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方案：
[root@localhost mysql]# sudo ln -s /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5
再次连接SQL
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.30 Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 修改初始密码 mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '111111'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed#设置远程连接 mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 # 刷新权限 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) # 赋权限 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)#刷新权限 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit
#刷新权限
systemctl restart mysql or service mysql restart
重启服务且测试
systemctl restart mysqlorservice mysql restart
查看防火墙开放端口
firewall-cmd --list-all
在防火墙中将3306端口开放
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
//--permanent为永久生效，没有此参数 服务器重启后配置失效
在Navicat上测试连接
重启linux后测试自启动（可选）
reboot
测试mysql服务是否自启动
systemctl status mysql
参考文献：
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