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SpringBoot实现过滤器和拦截器的方法

作者:twilight0402

大家应该都晓得实现过滤器需要实现 javax.servlet.Filter 接口,而拦截器会在处理指定请求之前和之后进行相关操作,配置拦截器需要两步,本文通过实例代码给大家介绍SpringBoot 过滤器和拦截器的相关知识,感兴趣的朋友一起看看吧

过滤器

实现过滤器需要实现 javax.servlet.Filter 接口。重写三个方法。其中 init() 方法在服务启动时执行,destroy() 在服务停止之前执行。

可用两种方式注册过滤器:

编写过滤器

package com.example.recorddemo.filters;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyFilter1 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化过滤器:" + filterConfig.getFilterName());
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("在请求之前做处理");

        if (servletRequest instanceof HttpServletRequest) {
            System.out.println("  URL:" + ((HttpServletRequest)servletRequest).getRequestURL());
        }

        // 调用filter链中的下一个filter
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        
        System.out.println("在请求之后做处理");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("销毁:MyFilter1");
    }
}

注册过滤器

基于 FilterRegistrationBean

在配置类中注册一个 FilterRegistrationBean 类型的Bean。

@Configuration
public class FilterConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter1(){
        MyFilter1 filter = new MyFilter1();
        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(filter);
//        filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
//        filterRegistrationBean.setEnabled(true);
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }
}

基于 @WebFilter

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebFilter(filterName = "myFilter2" ,urlPatterns = "/*")
public class MyFilter2 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        // 调用filter链中的下一个filter
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);

    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {}
}

拦截器

拦截器会在处理指定请求之前和之后进行相关操作,配置拦截器需要两步

拦截器类:

package com.example.recorddemo.interceptor;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author wangchao
 */
@Component
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        // handle可拿到执行方法的反射对象。
        System.out.println("preHandle: MyInterceptor");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        // 对于RESTful 接口用处不大
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        // 可捕捉异常,但是springboot已经有了全局异常捕捉
    }
}

配置拦截器:

package com.example.recorddemo.configuration;

import com.example.recorddemo.interceptor.MyInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author wangchao
 */
@Configuration
public class InterceptorConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Resource
    MyInterceptor myInterceptor;

    /**
     * 添加拦截器
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(myInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**");
    }
}

registry.addInterceptor() 方法会返回当前的 interceptor, 因此可直接执行 addPathPatterns() 方法

public InterceptorRegistration addInterceptor(HandlerInterceptor interceptor) {
        InterceptorRegistration registration = new InterceptorRegistration(interceptor);
        this.registrations.add(registration);
        return registration;
    }

拦截器的执行顺序类似于栈,按照如下顺序执行:

preHandle-1, preHandle-2, postHandle-2, postHandle-1, afterCompletion-2, afterCompletion-1

到此这篇关于SpringBoot实现过滤器和拦截器的方法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot 过滤器和拦截器内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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