Java聊天室之使用Socket实现传递图片
作者：小虚竹and掘金
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Java简易聊天室之使用Socket实现传递图片功能，文中的示例代码讲解详细，具有一定的借鉴价值，需要的可以了解一下
一、题目描述
题目实现：使用网络编程时，需要通过Socket传递图片。
二、解题思路
创建一个服务器类：ServerSocketFrame，继承JFrame类
写一个getserver() 方法，实例化Socket对象，启用9527当服务的端口。
创建输入流对象，用来接收客户端信息。
再定义一个getClientInfo()方法，用于接收客户端发送的信息。
对文本框添加一个事件：实现向客户端发磅信息。
创建一个客户端类：ClientSocketFrame，继承JFrame类。
写一个connect() 方法，实例化Socket对象，连接本地服务的9527端口服务。
再定义一个getClientInfo()方法，用于接收服务端发送的信息。
技术重点：
通过使用DataInputStream类的read0方法，将图片文件读取到字节数组，然后使用 DataOutputStream类从DataOutput类继承的write0方法输出字节数组，从而实现了使用Socket传输图片的功能。
三、代码详解
ServerSocketFrame
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.border.BevelBorder;
import javax.swing.border.EtchedBorder;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter;
/**
* Description:
*
* @author xiaoxuzhu
* @version 1.0
*
* <pre>
* 修改记录:
* 修改后版本 修改人 修改日期 修改内容
* 2022/6/4.1 xiaoxuzhu 2022/6/4 Create
* </pre>
* @date 2022/6/4
*/
public class ServerSocketFrame extends JFrame {
private Image sendImg = null; // 声明图像对象
private Image receiveImg = null; // 声明图像对象
private SendImagePanel sendImagePanel = null; // 声明图像面板对象
private ReceiveImagePanel receiveImagePanel = null; // 声明图像面板对象
private File imgFile = null;// 声明所选择图片的File对象
private JTextField tf_path;
private DataOutputStream out = null; // 创建流对象
private DataInputStream in = null; // 创建流对象
private ServerSocket server; // 声明ServerSocket对象
private Socket socket; // 声明Socket对象socket
private long lengths = -1; // 图片文件的大小
public void getServer() {
try {
server = new ServerSocket(9527); // 实例化Socket对象
while (true) { // 如果套接字是连接状态
socket = server.accept(); // 实例化Socket对象
out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());// 获得输出流对象
in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());// 获得输入流对象
getClientInfo(); // 调用getClientInfo()方法
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace(); // 输出异常信息
}
}
private void getClientInfo() {
try {
long lengths = in.readLong();// 读取图片文件的长度
byte[] bt = new byte[(int) lengths];// 创建字节数组
for (int i = 0; i < bt.length; i++) {
bt[i] = in.readByte();// 读取字节信息并存储到字节数组
}
receiveImg = new ImageIcon(bt).getImage();// 创建图像对象
receiveImagePanel.repaint();// 重新绘制图像
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();// 关闭流
}
if (socket != null) {
socket.close(); // 关闭套接字
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) { // 主方法
ServerSocketFrame frame = new ServerSocketFrame(); // 创建本类对象
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.getServer(); // 调用方法
}
public ServerSocketFrame() {
super();
setTitle("服务器端程序");
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 379, 260);
final JPanel panel = new JPanel();
getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
final JLabel label = new JLabel();
label.setText("路径：");
panel.add(label);
tf_path = new JTextField();
tf_path.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(140, 25));
panel.add(tf_path);
sendImagePanel = new SendImagePanel();
receiveImagePanel = new ReceiveImagePanel();
final JButton button_1 = new JButton();
button_1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
JFileChooser fileChooser = new JFileChooser();// 创建文件选择器
FileFilter filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter(
"图像文件（JPG/GIF/BMP)", "JPG", "JPEG", "GIF", "BMP");// 创建过滤器
fileChooser.setFileFilter(filter);// 设置过滤器
int flag = fileChooser.showOpenDialog(null);// 显示打开对话框
if (flag == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
imgFile = fileChooser.getSelectedFile(); // 获取选中图片的File对象
}
if (imgFile != null) {
tf_path.setText(imgFile.getAbsolutePath());// 图片完整路径
try {
sendImg = ImageIO.read(imgFile);// 构造BufferedImage对象
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
sendImagePanel.repaint();// 调用paint()方法
}
});
button_1.setText("选择图片");
panel.add(button_1);
final JButton button = new JButton();
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
try {
DataInputStream inStream = null;// 定义数据输入流对象
if (imgFile != null) {
lengths = imgFile.length();// 获得选择图片的大小
inStream = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(imgFile));// 创建输入流对象
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "还没有选择图片文件。");
return;
}
out.writeLong(lengths);// 将文件的大小写入输出流
byte[] bt = new byte[(int) lengths];// 创建字节数组
int len = -1;
while ((len = inStream.read(bt)) != -1) {// 将图片文件读取到字节数组
out.write(bt);// 将字节数组写入输出流
}
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
button.setText("发 送");
panel.add(button);
final JPanel panel_1 = new JPanel();
panel_1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(panel_1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
final JPanel panel_2 = new JPanel();
panel_2.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 0));
final FlowLayout flowLayout = new FlowLayout();
flowLayout.setAlignment(FlowLayout.LEFT);
panel_2.setLayout(flowLayout);
panel_1.add(panel_2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
final JLabel label_1 = new JLabel();
label_1.setBorder(new EtchedBorder(EtchedBorder.LOWERED));
label_1.setText("服务器端选择的要发送的图片 ");
panel_2.add(label_1);
final JLabel label_2 = new JLabel();
label_2.setBorder(new EtchedBorder(EtchedBorder.LOWERED));
label_2.setText("接收到客户端发送的图片 ");
panel_2.add(label_2);
final JPanel imgPanel = new JPanel();
final GridLayout gridLayout = new GridLayout(1, 0);
gridLayout.setVgap(10);
imgPanel.setLayout(gridLayout);
panel_1.add(imgPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
imgPanel.add(sendImagePanel);
imgPanel.add(receiveImagePanel);
sendImagePanel.setBorder(new BevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED));
receiveImagePanel.setBorder(new BevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED));
}
// 创建面板类
class SendImagePanel extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
if (sendImg != null) {
g.clearRect(0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight());// 清除绘图上下文的内容
g.drawImage(sendImg, 0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight(),
this);// 绘制指定大小的图片
}
}
}
// 创建面板类
class ReceiveImagePanel extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
if (receiveImg != null) {
g.clearRect(0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight());// 清除绘图上下文的内容
g.drawImage(receiveImg, 0, 0, this.getWidth(),
this.getHeight(), this);// 绘制指定大小的图片
}
}
}
}ClientSocketFrame
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.border.EtchedBorder;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter;
/**
* Description:
*
* @author xiaoxuzhu
* @version 1.0
*
* <pre>
* 修改记录:
* 修改后版本 修改人 修改日期 修改内容
* 2022/6/4.1 xiaoxuzhu 2022/6/4 Create
* </pre>
* @date 2022/6/4
*/
public class ClientSocketFrame extends JFrame {
private Image sendImg = null; // 声明图像对象
private Image receiveImg = null; // 声明图像对象
private SendImagePanel sendImagePanel = null; // 声明图像面板对象
private ReceiveImagePanel receiveImagePanel = null; // 声明图像面板对象
private File imgFile = null;// 声明所选择图片的File对象
private JTextField tf_path;
private DataInputStream in = null; // 创建流对象
private DataOutputStream out = null; // 创建流对象
private Socket socket; // 声明Socket对象
private Container cc; // 声明Container对象
private long lengths = -1;// 图片文件的大小
private void connect() { // 连接套接字方法
try { // 捕捉异常
socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9527); // 实例化Socket对象
while (true) {
if (socket != null && !socket.isClosed()) {
out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());// 获得输出流对象
in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());// 获得输入流对象
getServerInfo();// 调用getServerInfo()方法
} else {
socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9527); // 实例化Socket对象
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace(); // 输出异常信息
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) { // 主方法
ClientSocketFrame clien = new ClientSocketFrame(); // 创建本例对象
clien.setVisible(true); // 将窗体显示
clien.connect(); // 调用连接方法
}
private void getServerInfo() {
try {
long lengths = in.readLong();// 读取图片文件的长度
byte[] bt = new byte[(int) lengths];// 创建字节数组
for (int i = 0; i < bt.length; i++) {
bt[i] = in.readByte();// 读取字节信息并存储到字节数组
}
receiveImg = new ImageIcon(bt).getImage();// 创建图像对象
receiveImagePanel.repaint();// 重新绘制图像
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();// 关闭流
}
if (socket != null) {
socket.close(); // 关闭套接字
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* Create the frame
*/
public ClientSocketFrame() {
super();
setTitle("客户端程序");
setBounds(100, 100, 373, 257);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
final JPanel panel = new JPanel();
getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
final JLabel label = new JLabel();
label.setText("路径：");
panel.add(label);
tf_path = new JTextField();
tf_path.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(140, 25));
panel.add(tf_path);
final JButton button = new JButton();
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
JFileChooser fileChooser = new JFileChooser();// 创建文件选择器
FileFilter filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter(
"图像文件（JPG/GIF/BMP)", "JPG", "JPEG", "GIF", "BMP");// 创建过滤器
fileChooser.setFileFilter(filter);// 设置过滤器
int flag = fileChooser.showOpenDialog(null);// 显示打开对话框
if (flag == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
imgFile = fileChooser.getSelectedFile(); // 获取选中图片的File对象
}
if (imgFile != null) {
tf_path.setText(imgFile.getAbsolutePath());// 图片完整路径
try {
sendImg = ImageIO.read(imgFile);// 构造BufferedImage对象
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
sendImagePanel.repaint();// 调用paint()方法
}
});
button.setText("选择图片");
panel.add(button);
final JButton button_1 = new JButton();
button_1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
try {
DataInputStream inStream = null;// 定义数据输入流对象
if (imgFile != null) {
lengths = imgFile.length();// 获得选择图片的大小
inStream = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(
imgFile));// 创建输入流对象
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "还没有选择图片文件。");
return;
}
out.writeLong(lengths);// 将文件的大小写入输出流
byte[] bt = new byte[(int) lengths];// 创建字节数组
int len = -1;
while ((len = inStream.read(bt)) != -1) {// 将图片文件读取到字节数组
out.write(bt);// 将字节数组写入输出流
}
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
button_1.setText("发 送");
panel.add(button_1);
final JPanel panel_1 = new JPanel();
panel_1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(panel_1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
final JPanel panel_2 = new JPanel();
panel_2.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 0));
panel_1.add(panel_2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
final JLabel label_1 = new JLabel();
label_1.setBorder(new EtchedBorder(EtchedBorder.LOWERED));
label_1.setText("客户端选择的要发送的图片");
panel_2.add(label_1);
final JLabel label_2 = new JLabel();
label_2.setBorder(new EtchedBorder(EtchedBorder.LOWERED));
label_2.setText("接收到服务器端发送的图片 ");
panel_2.add(label_2);
final JPanel imgPanel = new JPanel();
sendImagePanel = new SendImagePanel();
receiveImagePanel = new ReceiveImagePanel();
imgPanel.add(sendImagePanel);
imgPanel.add(receiveImagePanel);
final GridLayout gridLayout = new GridLayout(1, 0);
gridLayout.setVgap(6);
imgPanel.setLayout(gridLayout);
panel_1.add(imgPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
//
}
// 创建面板类
class SendImagePanel extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
if (sendImg != null) {
g.clearRect(0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight());// 清除绘图上下文的内容
g.drawImage(sendImg, 0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight(),
this);// 绘制指定大小的图片
}
}
}
// 创建面板类
class ReceiveImagePanel extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
if (receiveImg != null) {
g.clearRect(0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight());// 清除绘图上下文的内容
g.drawImage(receiveImg, 0, 0, this.getWidth(),
this.getHeight(), this);// 绘制指定大小的图片
}
}
}
}服务器启动
客户端启动
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