如何利用java实现生成PDF文件
作者:xhga
前段时间因为相关业务需求需要后台生成pdf文件,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于如何利用java实现生成PDF文件的相关资料,文中通过实例代码介绍的非常详细,需要的朋友可以参考下
1.PDF文件简介
PDF是可移植文档格式,是一种电子文件格式,具有许多其他电子文档格式无法相比的优点。PDF文件格式可以将文字、字型、格式、颜色及独立于设备和分辨率的图形图像等封装在一个文件中。该格式文件还可以包含超文本链接、声音和动态影像等电子信息,支持特长文件,集成度和安全可靠性都较高。在系统开发中通常用来生成比较正式的报告或者合同类的电子文档。
2.生成PDF
2.1 基于freemarker框架实现HTML转PDF
2.1.1 引入jar包依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.20</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.itextpdf/html2pdf --> <dependency> <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId> <artifactId>html2pdf</artifactId> <version>4.0.3</version> </dependency> <!-- spring boot 项目请添加此依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 非spring boot 项目请添加此依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId> <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId> <version>2.3.30</version> </dependency>
2.1.2 创建html模板test_template:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Title</title> <style> body{font-family:SimSun;} .title{align-content: center;text-align: center;} .signature{float:right } </style> </head> <body> <div> <h1 class="title">标题</h1> <h4 class="title">副标题</h4> <span>当前时间: ${date_time} </span> <div class="signature">日期:${date}</div> </div> </body> </html>
2.1.3 获取HTML内容
当HTML模板存放在系统文件夹
String templateDirectory = "D:\\"; // 系统文件夹路径 如: D:\
当HTML模板存放在项目resources/templates目录
ClassLoader classLoader = PdfUtilTest.class.getClassLoader(); URL resource = classLoader.getResource("templates"); String templateDirectory = resource.toURI().getPath();
示例代码:
import com.itextpdf.html2pdf.ConverterProperties; import com.itextpdf.html2pdf.HtmlConverter; import com.itextpdf.layout.font.FontProvider; import freemarker.template.Configuration; import freemarker.template.Template; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import java.io.*; import java.net.URL; import java.time.LocalDateTime; import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @Slf4j public class PdfUtilTest { /** * 获取模板内容 * @param templateDirectory 模板文件夹 * @param templateName 模板文件名 * @param paramMap 模板参数 * @return * @throws Exception */ private static String getTemplateContent(String templateDirectory, String templateName, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception { Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.DEFAULT_INCOMPATIBLE_IMPROVEMENTS); try { configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(templateDirectory)); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("-- exception --"); } Writer out = new StringWriter(); Template template = configuration.getTemplate(templateName,"UTF-8"); template.process(paramMap, out); out.flush(); out.close(); return out.toString(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>(); DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); paramMap.put("date_time", dateTimeFormatter.format(LocalDateTime.now())); paramMap.put("date", dateTimeFormatter.format(LocalDateTime.now()).substring(0, 10)); ClassLoader classLoader = PdfUtilTest.class.getClassLoader(); URL resource = classLoader.getResource("templates"); String templateDirectory =resource.toURI().getPath(); String templateContent = PdfUtilTest.getTemplateContent(templateDirectory, "test_template.html", paramMap); System.out.println(templateContent); } }
2.1.4 生成PDF文档
示例代码:
/** * HTML 转 PDF * @param content html内容 * @param outPath 输出pdf路径 * @return 是否创建成功 */ public static boolean html2Pdf(String content, String outPath) { try { ConverterProperties converterProperties = new ConverterProperties(); converterProperties.setCharset("UTF-8"); FontProvider fontProvider = new FontProvider(); fontProvider.addSystemFonts(); converterProperties.setFontProvider(fontProvider); HtmlConverter.convertToPdf(content, new FileOutputStream(outPath), converterProperties); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("生成模板内容失败,{}",e); return false; } return true; } /** * HTML 转 PDF * @param content html内容 * @return PDF字节数组 */ public static byte[] html2Pdf(String content) { ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();; try { ConverterProperties converterProperties = new ConverterProperties(); converterProperties.setCharset("UTF-8"); FontProvider fontProvider = new FontProvider(); fontProvider.addSystemFonts(); converterProperties.setFontProvider(fontProvider); HtmlConverter.convertToPdf(content,outputStream,converterProperties); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("生成 PDF 失败,{}",e); } return outputStream.toByteArray(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>(); DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); paramMap.put("date_time", dateTimeFormatter.format(LocalDateTime.now())); paramMap.put("date", dateTimeFormatter.format(LocalDateTime.now()).substring(0, 10)); String outPath = "D:\\A.pdf"; String templateDirectory = "D:\\"; String templateContent = PdfUtilTest.getTemplateContent(templateDirectory, "test_template.html", paramMap); PdfUtilTest.html2Pdf(templateContent, outPath); }
总结
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