SpringBoot定时任务设计之时间轮案例原理详解

public HashedWheelTimer(
        ThreadFactory threadFactory,
        long tickDuration, TimeUnit unit, int ticksPerWheel, boolean leakDetection,
        long maxPendingTimeouts, Executor taskExecutor) {
}

threadFactory
tickDuration
unit
ticksPerWheel
leakDetection
maxPendingTimeouts

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.77.Final</version>
</dependency>

@SneakyThrows
public static void simpleHashedWheelTimer() {
    log.info("init task 1...");
    HashedWheelTimer timer = new HashedWheelTimer(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, 8);
    // add a new timeout
    timer.newTimeout(timeout -> {
        log.info("running task 1...");
    }, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

@SneakyThrows
public static void reScheduleHashedWheelTimer() {
    log.info("init task 2...");
    HashedWheelTimer timer = new HashedWheelTimer(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, 8);
    Thread.sleep(5000);
    // add a new timeout
    Timeout tm = timer.newTimeout(timeout -> {
        log.info("running task 2...");
    }, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    // cancel
    if (!tm.isExpired()) {
        log.info("cancel task 2...");
        tm.cancel();
    }
    // reschedule
    timer.newTimeout(tm.task(), 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

Worker
HashedWheelBucket
HashedWheelTimeout

public HashedWheelTimer(
        ThreadFactory threadFactory,
        long tickDuration, TimeUnit unit, int ticksPerWheel, boolean leakDetection,
        long maxPendingTimeouts, Executor taskExecutor) {
    checkNotNull(threadFactory, "threadFactory");
    checkNotNull(unit, "unit");
    checkPositive(tickDuration, "tickDuration");
    checkPositive(ticksPerWheel, "ticksPerWheel");
    this.taskExecutor = checkNotNull(taskExecutor, "taskExecutor");
    // Normalize ticksPerWheel to power of two and initialize the wheel.
    wheel = createWheel(ticksPerWheel);
    mask = wheel.length - 1;
    // Convert tickDuration to nanos.
    long duration = unit.toNanos(tickDuration);
    // Prevent overflow.
    if (duration >= Long.MAX_VALUE / wheel.length) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
                "tickDuration: %d (expected: 0 < tickDuration in nanos < %d",
                tickDuration, Long.MAX_VALUE / wheel.length));
    }
    if (duration < MILLISECOND_NANOS) {
        logger.warn("Configured tickDuration {} smaller than {}, using 1ms.",
                    tickDuration, MILLISECOND_NANOS);
        this.tickDuration = MILLISECOND_NANOS;
    } else {
        this.tickDuration = duration;
    }
    workerThread = threadFactory.newThread(worker);
    leak = leakDetection || !workerThread.isDaemon() ? leakDetector.track(this) : null;
    this.maxPendingTimeouts = maxPendingTimeouts;
    if (INSTANCE_COUNTER.incrementAndGet() > INSTANCE_COUNT_LIMIT &&
        WARNED_TOO_MANY_INSTANCES.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
        reportTooManyInstances();
    }
}

private static HashedWheelBucket[] createWheel(int ticksPerWheel) {
    //ticksPerWheel may not be greater than 2^30
    checkInRange(ticksPerWheel, 1, 1073741824, "ticksPerWheel");
    ticksPerWheel = normalizeTicksPerWheel(ticksPerWheel);
    HashedWheelBucket[] wheel = new HashedWheelBucket[ticksPerWheel];
    for (int i = 0; i < wheel.length; i ++) {
        wheel[i] = new HashedWheelBucket();
    }
    return wheel;
}
private static int normalizeTicksPerWheel(int ticksPerWheel) {
    int normalizedTicksPerWheel = 1;
    while (normalizedTicksPerWheel < ticksPerWheel) {
        normalizedTicksPerWheel <<= 1;
    }
    return normalizedTicksPerWheel;
}

@Override
public Timeout newTimeout(TimerTask task, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
    checkNotNull(task, "task");
    checkNotNull(unit, "unit");
    long pendingTimeoutsCount = pendingTimeouts.incrementAndGet();
    if (maxPendingTimeouts > 0 && pendingTimeoutsCount > maxPendingTimeouts) {
        pendingTimeouts.decrementAndGet();
        throw new RejectedExecutionException("Number of pending timeouts ("
            + pendingTimeoutsCount + ") is greater than or equal to maximum allowed pending "
            + "timeouts (" + maxPendingTimeouts + ")");
    }
    start();
    // Add the timeout to the timeout queue which will be processed on the next tick.
    // During processing all the queued HashedWheelTimeouts will be added to the correct HashedWheelBucket.
    long deadline = System.nanoTime() + unit.toNanos(delay) - startTime;
    // Guard against overflow.
    if (delay > 0 && deadline < 0) {
        deadline = Long.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    HashedWheelTimeout timeout = new HashedWheelTimeout(this, task, deadline);
    timeouts.add(timeout);
    return timeout;
}

/**
    * Starts the background thread explicitly.  The background thread will
    * start automatically on demand even if you did not call this method.
    *
    * @throws IllegalStateException if this timer has been
    *                               {@linkplain #stop() stopped} already
    */
public void start() {
    switch (WORKER_STATE_UPDATER.get(this)) {
        case WORKER_STATE_INIT:
            if (WORKER_STATE_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, WORKER_STATE_INIT, WORKER_STATE_STARTED)) {
                workerThread.start();
            }
            break;
        case WORKER_STATE_STARTED:
            break;
        case WORKER_STATE_SHUTDOWN:
            throw new IllegalStateException("cannot be started once stopped");
        default:
            throw new Error("Invalid WorkerState");
    }
    // Wait until the startTime is initialized by the worker.
    while (startTime == 0) {
        try {
            startTimeInitialized.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
            // Ignore - it will be ready very soon.
        }
    }
}

@Override
public Set<Timeout> stop() {
    if (Thread.currentThread() == workerThread) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(
                HashedWheelTimer.class.getSimpleName() +
                        ".stop() cannot be called from " +
                        TimerTask.class.getSimpleName());
    }
    if (!WORKER_STATE_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, WORKER_STATE_STARTED, WORKER_STATE_SHUTDOWN)) {
        // workerState can be 0 or 2 at this moment - let it always be 2.
        if (WORKER_STATE_UPDATER.getAndSet(this, WORKER_STATE_SHUTDOWN) != WORKER_STATE_SHUTDOWN) {
            INSTANCE_COUNTER.decrementAndGet();
            if (leak != null) {
                boolean closed = leak.close(this);
                assert closed;
            }
        }
        return Collections.emptySet();
    }
    try {
        boolean interrupted = false;
        while (workerThread.isAlive()) {
            workerThread.interrupt();
            try {
                workerThread.join(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException ignored) {
                interrupted = true;
            }
        }
        if (interrupted) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
    } finally {
        INSTANCE_COUNTER.decrementAndGet();
        if (leak != null) {
            boolean closed = leak.close(this);
            assert closed;
        }
    }
    return worker.unprocessedTimeouts();
}