sentinel整合ribbon与fallback流程分步讲解
作者:一个风轻云淡
前期准备:
启动nacos和sentinel
提供者9003/9004(以9003为样本)
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--日常通用jar包配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
yml文件
server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
配置9004的时候记得修改端口
主启动类
@SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class PaymentMain9003 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args); } }
业务类
@RestController public class PaymentController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; public static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>(); static { hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181")); hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182")); hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183")); } @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { Payment payment = hashMap.get(id); CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment); return result; } }
测试1
启动9003访问localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1
消费者84
新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--日常通用jar包配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
yml文件
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
主启动
@EnableDiscoveryClient @SpringBootApplication public class OrderNacosMain84 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args); } }
配置类
@Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig { @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } }
业务类1
@RestController @Slf4j public class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常"); } return result; } }
测试2
启动9003 9004 84
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
再访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
可以发现第一次是9004端口,第二次是9003端口,这里面的话,就可以就知道意见实现了ribbon中的轮训
测试3
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
给客户error页面,不友好
修改业务类(只配置fallback)
@RestController @Slf4j public class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback负责业务异常 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常"); } return result; } public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment); } }
本例sentinel无配置
测试4
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
这里可以发现没有出现error界面,而是我们自己配置的兜底的处理方案
修改业务类(只配置blockHandler )
@RestController @Slf4j public class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler负责在sentinel里面配置的降级限流 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录"); } return result; } public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment); } public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment); } }
配置sentinel
测试5
访问2次以后http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
修改业务类(fallback和blockHandler都配置)
@RestController @Slf4j public class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录"); } return result; } public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment); } public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment); } }
测试 6
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
再访问的时候,那就意味着这个时候会被限流处理
若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置,则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑。
修改业务类(忽略属性.......)
@RestController @Slf4j public class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler", exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class}) public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录"); } return result; } public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment); } public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment); } }
测试7
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
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