vue.js

关注公众号 jb51net

关闭
首页 > 网络编程 > JavaScript > javascript类库 > vue.js > vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class

Vue装饰器中的vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class使用详解

作者:Hoto Cocoa

这篇文章主要介绍了Vue装饰器中的vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class使用详解,通过示例代码给大家介绍的非常详细,对vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class的使用感兴趣的朋友一起看看吧

目前在用vue开发的项目中,都会配合使用TypeScript进行一些约束。为了提高开发效率,往往会使用装饰器来简化我们的代码。

本文主要介绍装饰器vue-property-decorator vux-class的使用。

1. 安装

npm i -S vue-property-decorator
npm i -S vuex-class

2. vue-property-decorator

@Component

import { Vue, Component } from 'vue-property-decorator'

@Component({
 components:{
      componentA,
      componentB,
  }
})
export default class MyComponent extends Vue{
   
}

相当于:

export default{
  name: 'MyComponent',
  components:{
    componentA,
    componentB,
  }
}

@Prop

@Prop(options: (PropOptions | Constructor[] | Constructor) = {}) decorator

表示:@Prop装饰器接收一个参数,这个参数可以有三种写法:

例如:

import { Vue, Component, Prop } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @Prop(Number) readonly propA: number | undefined
  @Prop({ default: 'default value' }) readonly propB!: string
  @Prop([String, Boolean]) readonly propC: string | boolean | undefined
}

相当于:

export default {
  name: 'MyComponent',
  props: {
    propA: {
      type: Number,
    },
    propB: {
      default: 'default value',
    },
    propC: {
      type: [String, Boolean],
    },
  },

@PropSync

@PropSync(propName: string, options: (PropOptions | Constructor[] | Constructor) = {}) decorator

例如:

// child.vue
import { Vue, Component, PropSync } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @PropSync('name', { type: String }) syncedName!: string
<!-- parent.vue -->
<template>
  <div>
    <MyComponent  :name.sync="name" />
  </div>
</template>

相当于:

export default {
  name: 'MyComponent',
  props: {
    name: {
      type: String,
    },
  },
  computed: {
    syncedName: {
      get() {
        return this.name
      },
      set(value) {
        this.$emit('update:name', value)
      },
    },
  },
}

@PropSync的工作原理与@Prop类似,除了接受propName作为装饰器的参数之外,它还在幕后创建了一个计算的getter和setter。通过这种方式,您可以像使用常规数据属性一样使用该属性,同时像在父组件中添加.sync修饰符一样简单。

@Model

@Model装饰器允许我们在一个组件上自定义v-model。

@Model(event?: string, options: (PropOptions | Constructor[] | Constructor) = {}) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, Model } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @Model('change', { type: Boolean }) readonly checked!: boolean
}

相当于:

export default {
  model: {
    prop: 'checked',
    event: 'change',
  },
  props: {
    checked: {
      type: Boolean,
    },
  },
}

@ModelSync

@ModelSync(propName: string, event?: string, options: (PropOptions | Constructor[] | Constructor) = {}) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, ModelSync } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @ModelSync('checked', 'change', { type: Boolean }) readonly checkedValue!: boolean
}

相当于:

export default {
  model: {
    prop: 'checked',
    event: 'change',
  },
  props: {
    checked: {
      type: Boolean,
    },
  },
  computed: {
    checkedValue: {
      get() {
        return this.checked
      },
      set(value) {
        this.$emit('change', value)
      },
    },
  },
}

@Watch

@Watch(path: string, options: WatchOptions = {}) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, Watch } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @Watch('child')
  onChildChanged(val: string, oldVal: string) {}
 
  @Watch('person', { immediate: true, deep: true })
  onPersonChanged1(val: Person, oldVal: Person) {}
 
  @Watch('person')
  onPersonChanged2(val: Person, oldVal: Person) {}
}

相当于:

export default {
  watch: {
    child: [
      {
        handler: 'onChildChanged',
        immediate: false,
        deep: false,
      },
    ],
    person: [
      {
        handler: 'onPersonChanged1',
        immediate: true,
        deep: true,
      },
      {
        handler: 'onPersonChanged2',
        immediate: false,
        deep: false,
      },
    ],
  },
  methods: {
    onChildChanged(val, oldVal) {},
    onPersonChanged1(val, oldVal) {},
    onPersonChanged2(val, oldVal) {},
  },
}

@Provide | @Inject

@Provide(key?: string | symbol) decorator
@Inject(options?: { from?: InjectKey, default?: any } | InjectKey) decorator

例如:

import { Component, Inject, Provide, Vue } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
const symbol = Symbol('baz')
 
@Component
export class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @Inject() readonly foo!: string
  @Inject('bar') readonly bar!: string
  @Inject({ from: 'optional', default: 'default' }) readonly optional!: string
  @Inject(symbol) readonly baz!: string
 
  @Provide() foo = 'foo'
  @Provide('bar') baz = 'bar'
}

相当于:

const symbol = Symbol('baz')
 
export const MyComponent = Vue.extend({
  inject: {
    foo: 'foo',
    bar: 'bar',
    optional: { from: 'optional', default: 'default' },
    baz: symbol,
  },
  data() {
    return {
      foo: 'foo',
      baz: 'bar',
    }
  },
  provide() {
    return {
      foo: this.foo,
      bar: this.baz,
    }
  },
})

@ProvideReactive | @InjectReactive

它们是@provider@Inject的响应式版本。如果父组件修改了提供的值,那么子组件可以捕捉到这种修改。

@ProvideReactive(key?: string | symbol)  decorato
@InjectReactive(options?: { from?: InjectKey, default?: any } | InjectKey) decorator

例如:

const key = Symbol()
@Component
class ParentComponent extends Vue {
  @ProvideReactive() one = 'value'
  @ProvideReactive(key) two = 'value'
}
 
@Component
class ChildComponent extends Vue {
  @InjectReactive() one!: string
  @InjectReactive(key) two!: string
}

@Emit

@Emit(event?: string) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, Emit } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  count = 0
 
  @Emit()
  addToCount(n: number) {
    this.count += n
  }
 
  @Emit('reset')
  resetCount() {
    this.count = 0
  }
 
  @Emit()
  returnValue() {
    return 10
  }
 
  @Emit()
  onInputChange(e) {
    return e.target.value
  }
 
  @Emit()
  promise() {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        resolve(20)
      }, 0)
    })
  }
}

相当于:

export default {
  data() {
    return {
      count: 0,
    }
  },
  methods: {
    addToCount(n) {
      this.count += n
      this.$emit('add-to-count', n)
    },
    resetCount() {
      this.count = 0
      this.$emit('reset')
    },
    returnValue() {
      this.$emit('return-value', 10)
    },
    onInputChange(e) {
      this.$emit('on-input-change', e.target.value, e)
    },
    promise() {
      const promise = new Promise((resolve) => {
        setTimeout(() => {
          resolve(20)
        }, 0)
      })
 
      promise.then((value) => {
        this.$emit('promise', value)
      })
    },
  },
}

@Ref

Ref(refKey?: string) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, Ref } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
import AnotherComponent from '@/path/to/another-component.vue'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @Ref() readonly anotherComponent!: AnotherComponent
  @Ref('aButton') readonly button!: HTMLButtonElement
}

相当于:

export default {
  computed() {
    anotherComponent: {
      cache: false,
      get() {
        return this.$refs.anotherComponent as AnotherComponent
      }
    },
    button: {
      cache: false,
      get() {
        return this.$refs.aButton as HTMLButtonElement
      }
    }
  }
}

@VModel

@VModel(propsArgs?: PropOptions) decorator

例如:

import { Vue, Component, VModel } from 'vue-property-decorator'
 
@Component
export default class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @VModel({ type: String }) name!: string
}

相当于:

export default {
  props: {
    value: {
      type: String,
    },
  },
  computed: {
    name: {
      get() {
        return this.value
      },
      set(value) {
        this.$emit('input', value)
      },
    },
  },
}

3. vuex-class

@State@Getter@Action@Mutationnamespace

import Vue from 'vue'
import Component from 'vue-class-component'
import {
  State,
  Getter,
  Action,
  Mutation,
  namespace
} from 'vuex-class'

const someModule = namespace('path/to/module')

@Component
export class MyComponent extends Vue {
  @State('foo') stateFoo
  @State(state => state.bar) stateBar
  @Getter('foo') getterFoo
  @Action('foo') actionFoo
  @Mutation('foo') mutationFoo
  @someModule.Getter('foo') moduleGetterFoo

  // 如果省略参数, 直接使用每一个 state/getter/action/mutation 类型的属性名称
  @State foo
  @Getter bar
  @Action baz
  @Mutation qux

  created () {
    this.stateFoo // -> store.state.foo
    this.stateBar // -> store.state.bar
    this.getterFoo // -> store.getters.foo
    this.actionFoo({ value: true }) // -> store.dispatch('foo', { value: true })
    this.mutationFoo({ value: true }) // -> store.commit('foo', { value: true })
    this.moduleGetterFoo // -> store.getters['path/to/module/foo']
  }
}

到此这篇关于Vue装饰器中的vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class使用详解的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关vue-property-decorator 和 vux-class内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

您可能感兴趣的文章:
阅读全文