vue请求接口并且携带token的实现
作者：月__
本文主要介绍了vue请求接口并且携带token的实现，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
一、处理跨域问题
1.在vue2.0的config文件夹下面的index.js文件里面或者在vue3.0中新建vue.config.js文件，写入以下代码：
module.exports = {
devServer: {
open: true,
port: 8080,
//以上的ip和端口是我们本机的;下面为需要跨域的
proxy: { //配置跨域
'/apis': {
target: 'http://47.98.143.163:8000/', //这里后台的地址模拟的;应该填写你们真实的后台接口
ws: true,
changOrigin: true, //允许跨域
pathRewrite: {
'^/apis': '' //请求的时候使用这个api就可以
}
}
}
},
}在需要调取接口的方法中通过/apis加上接口来拿取数据，示例如下：
//编辑问卷列表
edit(id) {
this.axios
.put("/apis/zhmq/wj/wj/" + id + "/", {
title: this.inputtitle,
explain: this.titletextarea,
})
.then((res) => {
console.log(121324654);
this.centerDialogVisible = false;
this.getarr();
})
.catch((e) => fn);
}二、登录获取token
在调取后端接口时，需要给后端传一个token过去，才可以拿到后端的数据，但是后端没有给我登录接口，让我使用另一个项目登录时的token，结果就是写着写着突然没数据了。。。。，当时写的代码是这样的：
return:{
token: "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwic2Vzc2lvbl9pZCI6Ijg0MmRlNGQ0LTVkODktNDg0ZC1hMDk1LWMzNTdkNmJmNDRjMSIsImV4cCI6MTYyOTQyNTI4Mywib3JpZ19pYXQiOjE2MjkzMzg4ODN9.AeO5kKdojnF3kjnIfmuShMyEvOvVLavkc4gcUnH9giU"
}
getlist(){
this.axios
.get("/apis/zhmq/wj/wj/display/" + this.titleId + "/", {
//添加请求头
headers: {
Authorization: "Bearer " + this.token,
},
})
.then((res) => {
console.log(res);
})
.catch((e) => fn);
}导致的结果就是我每调一个接口，就需要把headers复制粘贴一遍，而且token还很快就会过期，实在是难受，就和后端商量让他给我一个登录接口，不然实在是麻烦。。。
三、开发登录页面存储token
首先编写登录页面，同时拿取token，把token存储到vuex中，代码如下：
<template>
<div class="login">
<el-form
:model="loginForm"
:rules="fieldRules"
ref="loginForm"
label-position="left"
label-width="0px"
class="demo-ruleForm login-container"
>
<h2 class="title" style="padding-left: 22px">系统登录</h2>
<el-form-item prop="account">
<el-input
type="text"
v-model="loginForm.account"
auto-complete="off"
placeholder="账号"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item prop="password">
<el-input
type="password"
v-model="loginForm.password"
auto-complete="off"
placeholder="密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item class="join_formitem">
<el-form-item class="captcha">
<el-col :span="12">
<el-form-item prop="picLyanzhengma">
<el-input
type="text"
placeholder="请输入验证码"
class="yanzhengma_input"
v-model="loginForm.picLyanzhengma"
/>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="1"> </el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<input
type="button"
@click="createdCode"
class="verification"
v-model="checkCode"
/>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item style="width: 100%">
<!-- <el-button type="primary" style="width:48%;" @click.native.prevent="reset">重 置</el-button> -->
<el-button type="primary" style="width: 48%" @click="login()"
>登 录</el-button
>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { mapMutations } from "vuex";
import Cookies from "js-cookie";
export default {
name: "login",
components: {
},
data() {
return {
code: "",
checkCode: "IHLE",
data: "",
loading: false,
loginForm: {
account: "admin",
password: "123456",
captcha: "",
src: "",
picLyanzhengma: "",
},
fieldRules: {
account: [{ required: true, message: "请输入账号", trigger: "blur" }],
password: [{ required: true, message: "请输入密码", trigger: "blur" }],
picLyanzhengma: [
{ required: true, message: "请输入验证码", trigger: "blur" },
],
},
checked: false,
};
},
methods: {
...mapMutations(["changeLogin"]),
login() {
this.loading = true;
let _this = this;
this.axios
.post("/apis/admin/login/", { //调取后端登录接口
username: this.loginForm.account,
password: this.loginForm.password,
})
.then((res) => {
console.log(res);
console.log(res.data.data.token);
_this.userToken = "Bearer " + res.data.data.token;
// 将用户token保存到vuex中
_this.changeLogin({ Authorization: _this.userToken });
Cookies.set("Token", res.data.data.token); //登录成功后将token存储在cookie之中
_this.$router.push("/questionnaire");
});
},
reset() {
this.$refs.loginForm.resetFields();
},
// 随机验证码
createdCode() {
// 先清空验证码输入
this.code = "";
this.checkCode = "";
this.picLyanzhengma = "";
// 验证码长度
const codeLength = 4;
// 随机数
const random = new Array(
0,1,2,3，4,5,6,7,8,9，"A", "B","C","D", "E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z");
for (let i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {
// 取得随机数的索引(0~35)
let index = Math.floor(Math.random() * 36);
// 根据索引取得随机数加到code上
this.code += random[index];
}
// 把code值赋给验证码
this.checkCode = this.code;
},
},
mounted() {
this.createdCode(), //创建验证码
},
};
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100%;
// height: 600px;
background-image: url("../../assets/login-background.jpg");
background-size: cover;
}
.login-container {
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
background-clip: padding-box;
margin: 100px auto;
width: 350px;
padding: 35px 35px 15px 35px;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #eaeaea;
box-shadow: 0 0 25px #cac6c6;
.title {
margin: 0px auto 30px auto;
text-align: center;
color: #505458;
}
.remember {
margin: 0px 0px 35px 0px;
}
}
.yanzhengma_input {
font-family: "Exo 2", sans-serif;
// border: 1px solid #fff;
// color: #fff;
outline: none;
// border-radius: 12px;
letter-spacing: 1px;
font-size: 17px;
font-weight: normal;
// background-color: rgba(82,56,76,.15);
padding: 5px 0 5px 10px;
// margin-left: 30px;
height: 30px;
margin-top: 30px;
// border: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
}
.verification {
background: white;
margin-top: 35px;
border-radius: 12px;
width: 100px;
letter-spacing: 5px;
margin-left: 50px;
height: 40px;
transform: translate(-15px, 0);
}
.captcha {
height: 50px;
text-align: justify;
}
</style>调取后端登录接口成功，拿到token同时存放到vuex中
在store文件夹下面的index.js文件中，写入以下代码，将token存储到localStorage中：
import Vue from 'vue';
import Vuex from 'vuex';
Vue.use(Vuex);
const store = new Vuex.Store({
state: {
// 存储token
Authorization: localStorage.getItem('Authorization') ?localStorage.getItem('Authorization') : ''
},
mutations: {
// 修改token，并将token存入localStorage
changeLogin(state, user) {
state.Authorization = user.Authorization;
localStorage.setItem('Authorization', user.Authorization);
}
}
});
export default store;3.因为请求后端接口需要携带token放到请求头headers中，因而在main.js文件中，写入以下代码：
//引入axios
import axios from 'axios'
//使用axios
Vue.prototype.axios = axios
//axios携带token
// 添加请求拦截器，在请求头中加token
axios.interceptors.request.use(
config => {
if (localStorage.getItem('Authorization')) {
config.headers.Authorization = localStorage.getItem('Authorization');
}
return config;
},
error => {
return Promise.reject(error);
});即可在请求接口的时候，可以携带token拿取后端数据，因而调取后端接口就可以省略请求头的添加：
//编辑问卷列表
edit(id) {
this.axios
.put("/apis/zhmq/wj/wj/" + id + "/", {
title: this.inputtitle,
explain: this.titletextarea,
})
.then((res) => {
console.log(121324654);
this.centerDialogVisible = false;
this.getarr();
})
.catch((e) => fn);
}四、通过token进行路由的拦截
在main.js后者router文件夹下面的index.js文件里面加入以下代码，进行全局前置路由守卫，代码如下：
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
if (to.path == '/login' || to.path == '/register') {
next();
} else {
const token = localStorage.getItem('Authorization'); // 获取token
// token不存在
if (token === null || token === '') {
alert('您还没有登录，请先登录');
next('/login');
} else {
next();
}
}
});完成登录路由拦截以及请求携带请求头
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