使用Python实现火车票查询系统(带界面)
作者:木木子学python
周末、假期来了,七夕也快到了,又到一年中最一票难求的时候了!本文将用Python制作一个简单的火车票查询系统,感兴趣的可以了解一下
导语
周末、假期来了,七夕也快到了,又到一年中最一票难求的时候了!
那些假期想回家、过节异地恋的小可爱们,能准时抢到回家(约会对象)的城市票嘛?
为了让大家尽早的和亲朋好友家人团聚,小编今年很英勇的出来提醒大家早点儿抢火车票啦!
(时不我待,有票的时候妖提前买好啦~不然到时候在卖科能没票了滴)
特地为大家写了一款代码基于Python的有界面火车票查询系统,随时随地查询,不然去专门购票的地方问,没票白跑一趟也麻烦了——如果有票记得早点儿买买买哈!
注:需要不需要都要学一下,万一哪天就用上了呢,学到了也不亏哈!
一、运行环境
1)小编使用的环境:Python3、Pycharm社区版、requests、PyQt5模块、部分自带就不一一展示啦。
模块安装:pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/+模块名
二、代码展示
1)爬取数据
import re import urllib from urllib import request # from pprint import pprint url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9048' req = urllib.request.Request(url) r = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8') stations =re.findall(r'([\u4e00-\u9fa5]+)\|([A-Z]+)',r) # 匹配中文和对应的英文 stations = dict(stations) # 转化成字典 # pprint(stations) # 以列的形式打印出来
2)主程序
''' 火车票查询系统 ''' __author__ = 'Scorpio' import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt,QDateTime from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget,QMessageBox,QApplication,QLabel,QTableWidget,QLineEdit,QHBoxLayout,QGridLayout,QVBoxLayout,QPushButton,QTableWidgetItem,QFrame,QDateTimeEdit from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont,QColor,QBrush from get_stations import stations import warnings import requests class TableSheet(QWidget): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.initUi() def initUi(self): #self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowCloseButtonHint && Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint) #self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint) self.setWindowTitle('火车票查询系统') #self.setGeometry(40,80,1500,720) #第一部分,输入出发地、目的地和日期 controlsLayout = QGridLayout() #栅格布局 self.label1 = QLabel("出发地:") self.Editlabel1 = QLineEdit() self.label2 = QLabel("目的地:") self.Editlabel2 = QLineEdit() self.label3 = QLabel("乘车日期:") self.Editlabel3 = QDateTimeEdit() now = QDateTime.currentDateTime() #print(now) self.Editlabel3.setDateTime(now) self.Editlabel3.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd") #小写m为分钟 self.Editlabel3.setCalendarPopup(True) self.buttonOK = QPushButton("确定") controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(""),0,0,1,6) self.message = QLabel("暂未查询车次信息!") controlsLayout.addWidget(self.message,0,7,1,4) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label1,0,11,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel1,0,12,1,2) controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,14,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label2,0,15,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel2,0,16,1,2) controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,18,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label3,0,19,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel3,0,20,1,2) controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,22,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(self.buttonOK,0,23,1,1) controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,25,1,8) #第二部分,显示查询到的车次信息 horizontalHeader = ["车次","车站","时间","历时","商务座","一等座","二等座","高级软卧","软卧","动卧","硬卧","软座","硬座","无座","其他"] self.table = QTableWidget() self.table.setColumnCount(15) self.table.setRowCount(0) #初始化为0行 self.table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(horizontalHeader) self.table.setEditTriggers(QTableWidget.NoEditTriggers) #不能编辑 self.table.setSelectionBehavior(QTableWidget.SelectRows) #选中整行 self.table.setSelectionMode(QTableWidget.SingleSelection) for index in range(self.table.columnCount()): headItem = self.table.horizontalHeaderItem(index) headItem.setFont(QFont("song", 12, QFont.Bold)) headItem.setForeground(QBrush(Qt.gray)) headItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) #self.table.setFrameShape(QFrame.HLine)#设定样式 #self.table.setShowGrid(False) #取消网格线 #self.table.verticalHeader().setVisible(False) #隐藏垂直表头 #row_count = self.table.rowCount() #self.table.setColumnWidth(0,200) mainLayout = QHBoxLayout() mainLayout.addWidget(self.table) layout = QVBoxLayout() layout.addLayout(controlsLayout) layout.addLayout(mainLayout) self.setLayout(layout) self.buttonOK.clicked.connect(self.showMessage) self.showMaximized() def closeEvent(self, event): #关闭时弹窗提示 reply = QMessageBox.question(self, '警告', '查询记录不会被保存,\n确认退出?',QMessageBox.Yes,QMessageBox.No) if reply == QMessageBox.Yes: event.accept() else: event.ignore() def showMessage(self): #显示查询信息 stations_fz = dict(map(lambda t:(t[1],t[0]), stations.items())) #反转字典 from_s = self.Editlabel1.text() #获取文本框内容 to_s = self.Editlabel2.text() if (from_s in stations.keys()) and (to_s in stations.keys()): f = stations[from_s] # 通过字典转化为车站对应的缩写字母 t = stations[to_s] # 通过字典转化为车站对应的缩写字母 date = self.Editlabel3.text() d = str(date) # print(d) # print('正在查询' + from_s + '至' + to_s + '的列车...') url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryO?leftTicketDTO.train_date=' + d + '&leftTicketDTO.from_station=' + f + '&leftTicketDTO.to_station=' + t +'&purpose_codes=ADULT' # print(url) warnings.filterwarnings("ignore") # 这个网站是有安全警告的,这段代码可以忽略警告 r = requests.get(url, verify=False) raw_trains = r.json()['data']['result'] # 获取车次信息 # print(raw_trains) num = len(raw_trains) # 获取车次数目 # print('共查询到%d个车次信息'%num) self.message.setText("共查询到%d个车次信息"%num) if raw_trains == []: QMessageBox.warning(self, "提示", "暂无所查询的车次信息!") i=0 self.table.setRowCount(num) self.table.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarAlwaysOff) #关闭水平滚动条 for raw_train in raw_trains: # split分割之后得到的是一个列表 data_list = raw_train.split("|") # print(data_list) tra_no = data_list[2] #train_no from_s_no = data_list[16] #from_station_no to_s_no = data_list[17] #to_station_no seat_type = data_list[35] #seat_types tra_date = d #train_date checi = data_list[3] # 车次 cfd = stations_fz[data_list[6]] #出发地,通过字典转换 mdd = stations_fz[data_list[7]] #目的地 fctime = data_list[8] # 发车时间 ddtime = data_list[9] # 到达时间 lishi = data_list[10] # 历时 shangwuzuo = data_list[32] or "--" # 商务座/特等座 yidengzuo = data_list[31] or "--" # 一等座 erdengzuo = data_list[30] or "--" # 二等座 gjruanwo = data_list[21] or "--" # 高级软卧 ruanwo = data_list[23] or "--" # 软卧 dongwo = data_list[33] or "--" # 动卧 yingwo = data_list[28] or "--" # 硬卧 ruanzuo = data_list[24] or "--" # 软座 yingzuo = data_list[29] or "--" # 硬座 wuzuo = data_list[26] or "--" # 无座 others = data_list[22] or "--" # 其他 price_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryTicketPrice?train_no="+tra_no+"&from_station_no="+from_s_no+"&to_station_no="+to_s_no+"&seat_types="+seat_type+"&train_date="+tra_date r1 = requests.get(price_url, verify=False) # print(price_url) raw_prices = r1.json()['data'] # 获取车次信息 if 'A1' in raw_prices.keys(): #A1:硬座 pr_yz = raw_prices['A1'] else: pr_yz = '' if 'A2' in raw_prices.keys(): # A2:软座 pr_rz = raw_prices['A2'] else: pr_rz = '' if 'A3' in raw_prices.keys(): # A3:硬卧 pr_yw = raw_prices['A3'] else: pr_yw = '' if 'A4' in raw_prices.keys(): # A4:软卧 pr_rw = raw_prices['A4'] else: pr_rw = '' if 'A6' in raw_prices.keys(): # A6:高级软卧 pr_gjrw = raw_prices['A6'] else: pr_gjrw = '' if 'A9' in raw_prices.keys(): # A9:商务座,特等座 pr_swz = raw_prices['A9'] else: pr_swz = '' if 'WZ' in raw_prices.keys(): # WZ:无座 pr_wz = raw_prices['WZ'] else: pr_wz = '' if 'M' in raw_prices.keys(): # M:一等座 pr_ydz = raw_prices['M'] else: pr_ydz = '' if 'O' in raw_prices.keys(): # O:二等座 pr_edz = raw_prices['O'] else: pr_edz = '' if 'F' in raw_prices.keys(): # F:动卧 pr_dw = raw_prices['F'] else: pr_dw = '' # print(pr_yz,pr_rz,pr_yw,pr_rw,pr_gjrw,pr_swz,pr_wz,pr_ydz,pr_edz,pr_dw) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(checi) NewItem.setForeground(QColor(Qt.red)) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) #垂直居中 self.table.setItem(i,0,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(cfd +'\n-\n'+mdd) NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold)) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,1,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(fctime+'\n-\n'+ddtime) NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold)) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,2,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(lishi) NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold)) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,3,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(shangwuzuo+'\n'+ pr_swz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,4,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yidengzuo+'\n'+ pr_ydz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,5,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(erdengzuo+'\n'+ pr_edz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,6,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(gjruanwo+'\n'+ pr_gjrw) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,7,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(ruanwo+'\n'+ pr_rw) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,8,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(dongwo+'\n'+ pr_dw) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,9,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yingwo+'\n'+ pr_yw) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,10,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(ruanzuo+'\n'+ pr_rz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,11,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yingzuo+'\n'+ pr_yz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,12,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(wuzuo+'\n'+ pr_wz) NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,13,NewItem) NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(others+'\n'+'') NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter) self.table.setItem(i,14,NewItem) self.table.setRowHeight(i, 60) #设置行高 i=i+1 #self.table.setSpan(0, 8, 2, 1) #合并单元格 else: if from_s not in stations.keys(): # print('请输入正确的出发地') QMessageBox.warning(self,"提示","请输入正确的出发地!") if to_s not in stations.keys(): # print('请输入正确的目的地') QMessageBox.warning(self,"提示","请输入正确的目的地!") if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) table = TableSheet() table.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
三、效果展示
1)界面效果
2)时间日期
3)记录删除
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